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...iption|Small piece of a single crystal used to initiate growth of a larger crystal}} ...to promote growth avoids the otherwise slow randomness of natural crystal growth, and allows manufacture on a scale suitable for industry. ...

...regularly spaced, with period in a multiple of the desired [[wavelength]] of operation. The structure is designed to achieve [[quasi-phase-matching]] (Q ...The material for the crystals is usually a wide-[[bandgap]] [[inorganic]] crystal, or in some cases a suitable [[Organic chemistry|organic]] [[polymer]]. Som ...

...floatingzone.jpg|thumb|upright=.8|Silicon crystal in the beginning of the growth process]] [[File:Si-crystal floatingzone growing.jpg|thumb|upright=.8|Growing silicon crystal]] ...

...0721|url-access=subscription }}</ref> It was invented to solve the problem of cubic zirconia's melting-point being too high for even platinum [[crucible] ...lso to cool the outside of the zirconium oxide and thus maintain the shape of the zirconium powder. ...

{{short description|Method of crystallization}} ...t techniques primarily used for growing [[boule (crystal)|boules]] (single-crystal ingots), but which can be used for solidifying [[polycrystalline]] ingots a ...

{{Short description|Synthetic ingot of crystal}} ...1118313534.ch3 |chapter=Bulk Growth of Silicon Carbide |title=Fundamentals of Silicon Carbide Technology |date=2014 |pages=39–74 |isbn=978-1-118-31352-7 ...

{{Short description|Process for the commercial production of pure titanium and zirconium}} ...Titan-crystal bar.JPG|thumb|right|A 5.5" long high purity 99.995% titanium crystal bar weighing 283g made by this process during the [[Soviet era]] at the [[U ...

...be. The coil moves slowly down the tube, moving the molten zone to the end of the bar. ...kiel.de/matwis/amat/elmat_en/kap_6/advanced/t6_1_3.html Float Zone Crystal Growth]</ref> This process is also known as the float zone process, particularly i ...

...onstituents can act as solvents to the others. Due to the high selectivity of the solid–liquid equilibrium, very high purities can be achieved for the se ==Principle of separation== ...

{{For|the critical radius of a nuclear chain reaction|critical mass}} ...le, a droplet or a solid particle) is viable and begins to grow. Formation of such stable nuclei is called [[nucleation]]. ...

| caption = NASA portrait of Van den Berg in 1985. ...all>|[[University of Delaware]] <small>([[Master of Science|MS]], [[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]])</small>}} ...

...attering''' is a powerful method in [[surface science]], based on analysis of surface [[X-ray diffraction]] (SXRD) patterns from a crystalline surface. ...at the surface, especially useful in cases of [[oxidation]], [[epitaxial]] growth, and [[adsorption]] studies on crystalline surfaces. ...

{{Short description|Flat surface of a gem, crystal, etc.}} ...dral crystals. It wasn't until the 14th century that faceting, the process of cutting and polishing a gemstone to create multiple flat surfaces or facets ...

{{Short description|Crystal that develops with a typical multi-branching form}} ...=Kobayashi |title= Modeling and numerical simulations of dendritic crystal growth|journal=[[Physica (journal)|Physica]] |volume=63 |year=1993 |pages=410–423 ...

{{Short description|Chemical test for the reducibility of a sugar}} ...ucing sugars. On the right, copper oxide, which would appear in the bottom of the solution if reducing sugars are present. ...

{{Short description|Group of chemical compounds used as dye}} ...or [[silica gel]]. [[Crystal violet|Methyl violet 10B]] is also known as [[crystal violet]] (and many other names) and has medical uses.<ref name="pyoctanin_G ...

...T, Kossiakoff AA | title = Crystal structure and site 1 binding energetics of human placental lactogen | journal = J. Mol. Biol. | volume = 358 | issue = ...Goss DA | title = Luteotrophic, Immunologic and Electrophoretic Properties of Human Placental Lactogen | journal = Endocrinology | volume = 73 | issue = ...

...s further apart reduces the atomic forces that interfere with the movement of electrons through the transistors and thus improved [[electron mobility|mob More recent advances include deposition of strained silicon using [[organometallic chemistry|metalorganic]] vapor-phas ...

...ery]], [[recrystallization (metallurgical)|recrystallization]] and [[grain growth]]. == Origin of the pinning force == ...

...rahigh [[vacuum]] system. The reactants are in the form of molecular beams of reactive gases, typically as the [[hydride]] or a [[metalorganic]]. The ter ...the surface, the [[group V elements]] were obtained from the decomposition of the alkyls by bringing in contact with heated [[Tantalum]] (Ta) or [[Molybd ...