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* ''[[The Oracles]]'', a 1955 comic novel by Margaret Kennedy * [[Oracles (band)]], a Belgian melodic death metal band ...

{{Short description|Model of computation}} In [[cryptography]] the '''standard model''' is the model of computation in which the [[Adversary (cryptography)|adversary]] is only limited by the ...

== Oracles == ...racle]]''. This choice of terminology is justified by the fact that random oracles support a statement with probability 0 or 1 only. (This follows from [[Kolm ...

...nference on Computer and communications security - CCS '93 |chapter=Random oracles are practical: A paradigm for designing efficient protocols |author-link2=P Random oracles are typically used<!--{{who|date=June 2015}} See talk page "Weasel Words"-- ...

...= http://www.scottaaronson.com/blog/?p=2070#comment-282988|title = Lens of Computation on the Sciences|date = 25 November 2014|access-date = 17 October 2021|archi ...y)|PP]]<ref>L. Fortnow and J. D. Rogers. Complexity limitations on quantum computation. In ''Proceedings of IEEE Complexity '98'', p.202-209. 1998. {{arxiv|cs.CC/ ...

...Computable function|and|Computability theory|and|Computation|and|Theory of computation|and|Computable number}} ...[[computability theory]] within [[mathematical logic]] and the [[theory of computation]] within [[computer science]]. The computability of a problem is closely li ...

Adding [[postselection]] to '''BPP''', or allowing computation paths to have different lengths, gives the class '''BPP'''_path.< Relative to oracles, we know that there exist oracles A and B, such that '''P'''^A = '''BPP'''^A and '''P'''< ...

...ed to simulate any [[Turing machine]]<ref>{{cite book |title=Understanding Computation: From Simple Machines to Impossible Programs |author1=Tom Stuart |edition= T[uring] C[omplete] computation is the only paradigm for the theory underpinning Computer Science...It has ...

| journal = Mathematics of Computation ...advice string]]'' <math>\alpha_n</math>, which it is allowed to use in its computation whenever the input has size {{mvar|n}}. To help visualize this equivalence, ...

...at the presented proof is correct. The prover is assumed to be infinite in computation and storage, while the verifier is a probabilistic polynomial-time machine ...t to all oracles, while '''IP''' ≠ '''PSPACE''' with respect to almost all oracles.<ref>R. Chang, B. Chor, Oded Goldreich, J. Hartmanis, J. Håstad, D. Ranjan, ...

...e is easily recognized by some grammar, while the other requires arbitrary computation to recognize. ...problems to impossible ones, much like trying to build an [[Oracle machine#Oracles and halting problems|oracle machine for the halting problem]] would be. ...

The analogous problem in classical computation would have a [[query complexity]] <math>O(N)</math> (i.e., the function wou | title=The strengths and weaknesses of quantum computation ...

...ndomness, and the stability of these definitions under different models of computation, give evidence that Martin-Löf randomness is natural and not an accident of ...math>, and the ''n''th jump oracle, <math>\emptyset^{(n)}</math>, as these oracles are able to answer specific questions which naturally arise. A sequence whi ...

...f the [[theory of computation]] dealing with the resources required during computation to solve a given problem. The most common resources are time (how many step ...uired. Typically such models assume that the computer is ''[[Deterministic computation|deterministic]]'' (given the computer's present state and any inputs, there ...

...ranch of [[mathematical logic]], [[computer science]], and the [[theory of computation]] that originated in the 1930s with the study of [[computable function]]s a ...re is not necessary; there are many other [[model of computation|models of computation]] that have the same computing power as Turing machines; for example the [[ ...

...lockchain]], the term "smart contract" has been applied to general purpose computation that takes place on a blockchain. The US National Institute of Standards an ...nels, escrows, time locks, atomic cross-chain trading, [[Blockchain oracle|oracles]], or multi-party lottery with no operator.<ref>{{Citation|title=7th Intern ...

====Oracles and Greek divination==== ...ods, verbatim. Because of the high demand for oracle consultations and the oracles’ limited work schedule, they were not the main source of divination for the ...

...r-approximation of a behavioural property of the program, using a fixpoint computation over a (possibly complete) [[lattice (order theory)|lattice]] representing ...

{{see also|Chronology of computation of π|Chinese mathematics|History of geometry#Chinese geometry|label 4=Chine ...e "[[oracle]]s of the winds".<ref>Loewe (1988), 509, 513, 515.</ref> These oracles of the occult observed the direction, force, and timing of the winds, to sp ...

...cience]], providing a formalisation of the concepts of [[algorithm]] and [[computation]] with the [[Turing machine]], which can be considered a model of a general ...al math paper in history".<ref>{{cite book |page=15 |title=Mathematics and Computation |author=Avi Wigderson |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=2019|isbn ...