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...e [[hydroxyl]] that can be extended by the virally encoded [[RNA-dependent RNA polymerase]]. For some virus families, VPg also has a role in translation i ...Fretz MK, Soergel MI. A protein, vpg, covalently linked to 36s calicivirus rna. J Gen Virol. 1980;47(1):215–220.</ref> ...

...m. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, positive sense, single-stranded [[RNA]], around 4-5.4kb in length.<ref name=ViralZone /> These virions have a reg ...A virus transcription, using the premature termination model of subgenomic RNA transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by su ...

...repressor proteins thus inhibiting the translation of RNA to protein via [[RNA polymerase]]).<ref>{{Cite web|title = Regulatory gene - Biology-Online Dict ...nal change|change shape]] or otherwise become unable to bind DNA, allowing RNA polymerase to continue transcription. ...

{{short description|RNA sequence directing the translation of UGA codons as selenocysteines}} | RNA_type = [[Cis-regulatory element|Cis-reg]] ...

...ses and other RNA plant viruses based on sequence motifs in their putative RNA polymerases and nucleic acid helicases.] ''Nucleic Acids Research'' '''17'' The RNA is encapsulated in an [[icosahedron|icosahedral]] (T=3) [[capsid]], compose ...

'''''Cis''-regulatory elements''' ('''CREs''') or '''''cis''-regulatory modules''' ('''CRMs''') are region ...ption site. CREs contrast with [[Trans-regulatory element|trans-regulatory elements (TREs)]]. TREs code for transcription factors.{{fact|date=February 2021}} ...

{{Short description|Sequence at the 3' end of messenger RNA that does not code for product}} ...right|The flow of information within a cell. DNA is first transcribed into RNA, which is subsequently translated into protein. (See [[Central dogma of mol ...

{{Short description|Single stranded RNA}} ..._of_antisense_RNAs_(asRNAs)_.png|alt=This figure demonstrates an antisense RNA is complementary to its sense transcript.|thumb|AsRNA is transcribed from t ...

...al RNA product; or an anti-terminator structure, resulting in a functional RNA transcript. There are now many equivalent examples where the translation, n ...e classified according to the type of molecule which induces the change in RNA structure. It is likely that transcription-attenuation mechanisms developed ...

Transposable elements RNA processing ...

...rmation are replaced by [[serine]], have no aconitase activity, but retain RNA-binding properties. ...

...eam initiation complex to the start codon (AUG) without the need to unwind RNA secondary structures.<ref>{{cite journal |pmid=16501107 |year=2006 |last1=E ...short open reading frame in ribosome shunt on the cauliflower mosaic virus RNA leader |volume=275 |issue=23 |pages=17288–96 |doi=10.1074/jbc.M001143200 |j ...

{{short description|Region of a messenger RNA}} ...nation|sex-lethal]] gene in ''[[Drosophila]]''.<ref name="M" /> Regulatory elements within 5′ UTRs have also been linked to mRNA export.<ref name="Cenik2011">{ ...

{{Short description|RNA produced by transcription}} ...e the RNA is ready for export, a Poly(A)tail is added to the 3' end of the RNA and a 5' cap is added to the 5' end.]] ...

[[File:Deep Mutational Scan.png|thumb|upright=1.5|Deep mutational scan of the RNA recognition motif (RRM2) of a yeast PolyA binding protein (Pab1)]] ...jects (such as [[genome project|genome sequencing projects]] and [[RNA-Seq|RNA sequencing]]). Functional genomics focuses on the dynamic aspects such as ...

{{Short description|RNA element}} ...anslation initiation complex forms and [[ribosome]]s engage the mRNA. IRES elements, however, allow ribosomes to engage the mRNA and begin translation independ ...

{{Short description|Genes coding for ribosomal RNA}} ...y]] sections, such as a [[Promoter (genetics)|promoter]] specific to the [[RNA polymerase I]], as well as both transcribed and non-transcribed [[Spacer DN ...

...naviridae'', whose members commonly have a [[genome]] of single-stranded [[RNA]] of [[Sense (molecular biology)|positive polarity]] which is enclosed by a ...because of its RNA genome and [[RNA-dependent RNA polymerase|RNA dependent RNA polymerase]]''.''<ref name="ICTVProposal" /> ...

...odrusan Z, Jung K, Seshagiri S, Wu TD | display-authors = 6 | title = Deep RNA sequencing analysis of readthrough gene fusions in human prostate adenocarc ...expression of a gene now under the control of the [[cis-regulatory element|cis-regulatory]] sequence of another gene. If it happens in coding sequences, gene fusion ...

'''Eukaryotic translation''' is the biological process by which [[ messenger RNA ]] is [[Translation (biology)|translated]] into [[protein]]s in [[eukaryote ...vor of the viral (cap-independent) messages. [[eIF4A]] is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that aids the ribosome by resolving certain secondary structures f ...