Solar eclipse of September 7, 1820
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Solar eclipse". An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Thursday, September 7, 1820, with a magnitude of 0.9329. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring only about 5 hours before apogee (on September 7, 1820, at 18:50 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.[1]
The path of annularity was visible from parts of modern-day northern Canada, Greenland, western Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland, the Czech Republic, Austria, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Greece, northeastern Libya, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. A partial solar eclipse was also visible for parts of northern North America, Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, and Central Asia.
Observation and prediction
This map was drawn in the book Elementa eclipsium, published in Prague in 1816, by Franz Ignaz Cassian Hallaschka (František Ignác Kassián Halaška) (1780-1847), contained maps of the paths of solar eclipses from 1816 and 1860. The geometric constructions used by Hallaschka anticipated the standard theory of eclipses later developed by Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel.[2]
Eclipse details
Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[3]
| Event | Time (UTC) |
|---|---|
| First Penumbral External Contact | 1820 September 7 at 11:21:45.1 UTC |
| First Umbral External Contact | 1820 September 7 at 12:48:53.2 UTC |
| First Central Line | 1820 September 7 at 12:53:29.4 UTC |
| First Umbral Internal Contact | 1820 September 7 at 12:58:19.3 UTC |
| Equatorial Conjunction | 1820 September 7 at 13:06:52.6 UTC |
| Ecliptic Conjunction | 1820 September 7 at 13:50:09.9 UTC |
| Greatest Duration | 1820 September 7 at 13:57:39.4 UTC |
| Greatest Eclipse | 1820 September 7 at 13:59:57.6 UTC |
| Last Umbral Internal Contact | 1820 September 7 at 15:02:09.4 UTC |
| Last Central Line | 1820 September 7 at 15:06:58.7 UTC |
| Last Umbral External Contact | 1820 September 7 at 15:11:34.3 UTC |
| Last Penumbral External Contact | 1820 September 7 at 16:38:31.5 UTC |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Eclipse Magnitude | 0.93295 |
| Eclipse Obscuration | 0.87040 |
| Gamma | 0.82506 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 11h04m02.1s |
| Sun Declination | +05°59'29.3" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 15'53.0" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.7" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 11h05m27.2s |
| Moon Declination | +06°38'30.8" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 14'41.9" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 0°53'56.6" |
| ΔT | 11.4 s |
Eclipse season
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
| September 7 Descending node (new moon) |
September 22 Ascending node (full moon) |
|---|---|
| File:SE1820Sep07A.png | |
| Annular solar eclipse Solar Saros 122 |
Partial lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 134 |
Related eclipses
Eclipses in 1820
- A total solar eclipse on March 14.
- A partial lunar eclipse on March 29.
- An annular solar eclipse on September 7.
- A partial lunar eclipse on September 22.
Metonic
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of November 19, 1816
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of June 26, 1824
Tzolkinex
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of July 27, 1813
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of October 20, 1827
Half-Saros
- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of September 2, 1811
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of September 13, 1829
Tritos
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of October 9, 1809
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of August 7, 1831
Solar Saros 122
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of August 28, 1802
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of September 18, 1838
Inex
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of September 27, 1791
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of August 18, 1849
Triad
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of November 6, 1733
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of July 10, 1907
Solar eclipses of 1819–1823
This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[4]
The partial solar eclipses on April 24, 1819 and October 19, 1819 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the partial solar eclipses on January 12, 1823 and July 8, 1823 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.
| Solar eclipse series sets from 1819 to 1823 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ascending node | Descending node | |||||
| Saros | Map | Gamma | Saros | Map | Gamma | |
| 107 | March 25, 1819 File:SE1819Mar25P.gif Partial |
−1.4722 | 112 | September 19, 1819 File:SE1819Sep19Pe.gif Partial |
1.5258 | |
| 117 | March 14, 1820 File:SE1820Mar14T.gif Total |
−0.7199 | 122 | September 7, 1820 File:SE1820Sep07A.png Annular |
0.8251 | |
| 127 | March 4, 1821 File:SE1821Mar04T.gif Total |
−0.0284 | 132 | August 27, 1821 File:SE1821Aug27A.gif Annular |
0.0671 | |
| 137 | February 21, 1822 File:SE1822Feb21A.gif Annular |
0.6914 | 142 | August 16, 1822 File:SE1822Aug16T.gif Total |
−0.6904 | |
| 147 | February 11, 1823 File:SE1823Feb11P.gif Partial |
−1.5413 | 152 | August 6, 1823 File:SE1823Aug06P.gif Partial |
1.4546 | |
Saros 122
Template:Solar Saros series 122
Metonic series
The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.
Tritos series
Template:Solar Tritos series 2006 March 29
Inex series
Template:Solar Inex series 2023 April 20
Notes
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Historical eclipses in Europe
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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References
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- NASA chart graphics
- Googlemap
- NASA Besselian elements
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