Solar eclipse of June 20, 1955
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Solar eclipse". A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Monday, June 20, 1955,[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] with a magnitude of 1.0776. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 14.5 hours after perigee (on June 19, 1955, at 14:40 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.[13]
With a maximum duration of 7 minutes 7.74 seconds, this is the longest solar eclipse of Saros series 136, as well as the longest total solar eclipse since the 11th century, and until the 22nd century, because greatest eclipse occurred near the equator.[14]
Totality began over the Indian Ocean, British Seychelles (today's Seychelles) and Maldives, crossing Ceylon (name changed to Sri Lanka later) including the capital city Colombo, Andaman Islands, Burma (today's Myanmar), Thailand including the capital city Bangkok, Cambodia, Laos, South Vietnam (now belonging to Vietnam), Paracel Islands and Scarborough Shoal (near the greatest eclipse), moving across the Philippines including the capital city Manila, Kayangel Atoll in the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (now belonging to Palau), Nukumanu Islands in the Territory of Papua New Guinea (today's Papua New Guinea), towards northern Ontong Java Atoll in British Solomon Islands (today's Solomon Islands) ending over Southwestern Pacific Ocean. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of South Asia, Southeast Asia, East Asia, Australia, and Oceania.
This was the second of four central solar eclipses visible from Bangkok from 1948 to 1958, where it is extremely rare for a large city to witness four central solar eclipses within 10 years.
Observations
The Tokyo Astronomical Observatory (now incorporated into the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan) of the University of Tokyo sent an expedition to Ceylon, but observation failed due to bad weather conditions. The Hydrographic Office of Japan (now Template:Ill of Japan Coast Guard) sent a team to the western coast of Template:Ill, Bình Sơn district, Quảng Ngãi province, South Vietnam. The whole process was not affected by any clouds or fog. The team said that totality of this eclipse was particularly dark compared with previous total solar eclipses observed, and the long duration of totality was also one of the reasons. The team took many images of solar corona successfully.[15] A small team from the United States observed the total eclipse from Thailand. Some members of the Thai royal family also saw the eclipse from Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya province, north of the capital city Bangkok. In addition, Radio Thailand also broadcast a special program on the total solar eclipse nationally, which was the first such broadcast in Thailand.[16]
Eclipse details
Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[17]
| Event | Time (UTC) |
|---|---|
| First Penumbral External Contact | 1955 June 20 at 01:33:50.0 UTC |
| First Umbral External Contact | 1955 June 20 at 02:27:20.5 UTC |
| First Central Line | 1955 June 20 at 02:28:55.7 UTC |
| First Umbral Internal Contact | 1955 June 20 at 02:30:30.9 UTC |
| First Penumbral Internal Contact | 1955 June 20 at 03:25:02.8 UTC |
| Greatest Duration | 1955 June 20 at 04:08:34.6 UTC |
| Greatest Eclipse | 1955 June 20 at 04:10:42.0 UTC |
| Equatorial Conjunction | 1955 June 20 at 04:12:01.6 UTC |
| Ecliptic Conjunction | 1955 June 20 at 04:12:15.4 UTC |
| Last Penumbral Internal Contact | 1955 June 20 at 04:56:19.0 UTC |
| Last Umbral Internal Contact | 1955 June 20 at 05:50:53.2 UTC |
| Last Central Line | 1955 June 20 at 05:52:27.7 UTC |
| Last Umbral External Contact | 1955 June 20 at 05:54:02.2 UTC |
| Last Penumbral External Contact | 1955 June 20 at 06:47:35.0 UTC |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Eclipse Magnitude | 1.07756 |
| Eclipse Obscuration | 1.16113 |
| Gamma | −0.15278 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 05h51m36.9s |
| Sun Declination | +23°25'50.7" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 15'44.3" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.7" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 05h51m33.5s |
| Moon Declination | +23°16'33.0" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 16'40.5" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 1°01'11.8" |
| ΔT | 31.2 s |
Eclipse season
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
| June 5 Ascending node (full moon) |
June 20 Descending node (new moon) |
|---|---|
| File:Lunar eclipse chart close-1955Jun05.png | File:SE1955Jun20T.png |
| Penumbral lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 110 |
Total solar eclipse Solar Saros 136 |
Related eclipses
Eclipses in 1955
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on January 8.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on June 5.
- A total solar eclipse on June 20.
- A partial lunar eclipse on November 29.
- An annular solar eclipse on December 14.
Metonic
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of September 1, 1951
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of April 8, 1959
Tzolkinex
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of May 9, 1948
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of July 31, 1962
Half-Saros
- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of June 14, 1946
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of June 25, 1964
Tritos
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of July 20, 1944
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of May 20, 1966
Solar Saros 136
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of June 8, 1937
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of June 30, 1973
Inex
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of July 9, 1926
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of May 30, 1984
Triad
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of August 18, 1868
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of April 20, 2042
Solar eclipses of 1953–1956
This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[18]
The partial solar eclipses on February 14, 1953 and August 9, 1953 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set.
| Solar eclipse series sets from 1953 to 1956 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Descending node | Ascending node | |||||
| Saros | Map | Gamma | Saros | Map | Gamma | |
| 116 | July 11, 1953 File:SE1953Jul11P.png Partial |
1.4388 | 121 | January 5, 1954 File:SE1954Jan05A.png Annular |
−0.9296 | |
| 126 | June 30, 1954 File:SE1954Jun30T.png Total |
0.6135 | 131 | December 25, 1954 File:SE1954Dec25A.png Annular |
−0.2576 | |
| 136 | June 20, 1955 File:SE1955Jun20T.png Total |
−0.1528 | 141 | December 14, 1955 File:SE1955Dec14A.png Annular |
0.4266 | |
| 146 | June 8, 1956 File:SE1956Jun08T.png Total |
−0.8934 | 151 | December 2, 1956 File:SE1956Dec02P.png Partial |
1.0923 | |
Saros 136
This eclipse is a part of Saros series 136, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 71 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on June 14, 1360. It contains annular eclipses from September 8, 1504 through November 12, 1594; hybrid eclipses from November 22, 1612 through January 17, 1703; and total eclipses from January 27, 1721 through May 13, 2496. The series ends at member 71 as a partial eclipse on July 30, 2622. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
The longest duration of annularity was produced by member 9 at 32 seconds on September 8, 1504, and the longest duration of totality was produced by member 34 at 7 minutes, 7.74 seconds on June 20, 1955. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.[19]
| Series members 26–47 occur between 1801 and 2200: | ||
|---|---|---|
| 26 | 27 | 28 |
| File:SE1811Mar24T.png March 24, 1811 |
File:SE1829Apr03T.png April 3, 1829 |
File:SE1847Apr15T.png April 15, 1847 |
| 29 | 30 | 31 |
| File:SE1865Apr25T.gif April 25, 1865 |
File:SE1883May06T.png May 6, 1883 |
File:SE1901May18T.png May 18, 1901 |
| 32 | 33 | 34 |
| File:SE1919May29T.png May 29, 1919 |
File:SE1937Jun08T.png June 8, 1937 |
File:SE1955Jun20T.png June 20, 1955 |
| 35 | 36 | 37 |
| File:SE1973Jun30T.png June 30, 1973 |
File:SE1991Jul11T.png July 11, 1991 |
File:SE2009Jul22T.png July 22, 2009 |
| 38 | 39 | 40 |
| File:SE2027Aug02T.png August 2, 2027 |
File:SE2045Aug12T.png August 12, 2045 |
File:SE2063Aug24T.png August 24, 2063 |
| 41 | 42 | 43 |
| File:SE2081Sep03T.png September 3, 2081 |
File:SE2099Sep14T.png September 14, 2099 |
File:SE2117Sep26T.png September 26, 2117 |
| 44 | 45 | 46 |
| File:SE2135Oct07T.png October 7, 2135 |
File:SE2153Oct17T.png October 17, 2153 |
File:SE2171Oct29T.png October 29, 2171 |
| 47 | ||
| File:SE2189Nov08T.png November 8, 2189 | ||
Metonic series
Template:Solar Metonic series 1902–1989
Tritos series
Template:Solar Tritos series 2010 January 15
Inex series
Template:Solar Inex series 2013 May 10
Notes
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
References
- Earth visibility chart and eclipse statistics Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC
- Photometry of the Solar Corona at the Eclipse on June 20, 1955, Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, vol. 8, p.126 (1956).
- Nasa.gov
Script error: No such module "Navbox".