Solar eclipse of February 26, 1998
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Solar eclipse". A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Thursday, February 26, 1998,[1] with a magnitude of 1.0441. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 1.1 days before perigee (on February 27, 1998, at 19:50 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.[2]
Totality was visible in the Galápagos Islands, Panama, Colombia, the Paraguaná Peninsula in northwestern Venezuela, all of Aruba, most of Curaçao and the northwestern tip of Bonaire (belonging to Netherlands Antilles which dissolved later), all of Montserrat, Guadeloupe and Antigua and Barbuda. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Mexico, the southern and eastern United States, Central America, the Caribbean, northern South America, West Africa, and the Iberian Peninsula.
Observations
Jay Pasachoff led a team from Williams College, Massachusetts to Aruba and studied the rapid oscillations of the corona and coronal temperature, and also recorded coronal and other solar images in the visible and infrared parts of the spectrum. The team also photographed the corona using the same green filter onboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, providing calibration for the spacecraft.[3] Fred Espenak, an astrophysicist of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center also observed it in Aruba. Clouds gradually gathered at the beginning of the eclipse, and it rained for a while. This was the first precipitation on the island in 6 months. Later, the sky gradually cleared up and totality was successfully seen.[4] The wind speed on the island was often larger than 30 knots.[3]
A team of the Johnson Space Center observed the eclipse in Curaçao. Curaçao got the first precipitation in 4 months on the morning of the eclipse day, but it gradually cleared up afterwards. During the totality, the sky was completely clear. The corona was extending in the east-west direction, and helmet streamers could be seen at the poles of the sun.[5]
In popular culture
The 2001 Japanese film Orozco the Embalmer briefly featured the total eclipse as seen from Colombia.
Eclipse details
Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[6]
| Event | Time (UTC) |
|---|---|
| First Penumbral External Contact | 1998 February 26 at 14:51:26.2 UTC |
| First Umbral External Contact | 1998 February 26 at 15:47:48.6 UTC |
| First Central Line | 1998 February 26 at 15:48:32.9 UTC |
| First Umbral Internal Contact | 1998 February 26 at 15:49:17.2 UTC |
| First Penumbral Internal Contact | 1998 February 26 at 16:48:32.4 UTC |
| Ecliptic Conjunction | 1998 February 26 at 17:26:58.5 UTC |
| Greatest Duration | 1998 February 26 at 17:28:01.9 UTC |
| Greatest Eclipse | 1998 February 26 at 17:29:26.7 UTC |
| Equatorial Conjunction | 1998 February 26 at 17:36:39.9 UTC |
| Last Penumbral Internal Contact | 1998 February 26 at 18:10:10.1 UTC |
| Last Umbral Internal Contact | 1998 February 26 at 19:09:29.1 UTC |
| Last Central Line | 1998 February 26 at 19:10:14.8 UTC |
| Last Umbral External Contact | 1998 February 26 at 19:11:00.5 UTC |
| Last Penumbral External Contact | 1998 February 26 at 20:07:20.7 UTC |
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Eclipse Magnitude | 1.04411 |
| Eclipse Obscuration | 1.09017 |
| Gamma | 0.23909 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 22h38m18.9s |
| Sun Declination | -08°36'05.1" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 16'09.1" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.9" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 22h38m02.5s |
| Moon Declination | -08°22'08.5" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 16'35.2" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 1°00'52.6" |
| ΔT | 63.0 s |
Eclipse season
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
| February 26 Descending node (new moon) |
March 13 Ascending node (full moon) |
|---|---|
| File:SE1998Feb26T.png | File:Lunar eclipse chart close-1998Mar13.png |
| Total solar eclipse Solar Saros 130 |
Penumbral lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 142 |
Related eclipses
Eclipses in 1998
- A total solar eclipse on February 26.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on March 13.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on August 8.
- An annular solar eclipse on August 22.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on September 6.
Metonic
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of May 10, 1994
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of December 14, 2001
Tzolkinex
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of January 15, 1991
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of April 8, 2005
Half-Saros
- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of February 20, 1989
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of March 3, 2007
Tritos
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of March 29, 1987
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of January 26, 2009
Solar Saros 130
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of February 16, 1980
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of March 9, 2016
Inex
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of March 18, 1969
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of February 6, 2027
Triad
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of April 28, 1911
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of December 27, 2084
Solar eclipses of 1997–2000
This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[7]
The partial solar eclipses on July 1, 2000 and December 25, 2000 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.
| Solar eclipse series sets from 1997 to 2000 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Descending node | Ascending node | |||||
| Saros | Map | Gamma | Saros | Map | Gamma | |
| 120 File:Total solar eclipse of March 9 1997.jpg Totality in Chita, Russia |
March 9, 1997 File:SE1997Mar09T.png Total |
0.9183 | 125 | September 2, 1997 File:SE1997Sep02P.png Partial |
−1.0352 | |
| 130 File:Ecl002-2 (4321047401).jpg Totality near Guadeloupe |
February 26, 1998 File:SE1998Feb26T.png Total |
0.2391 | 135 | August 22, 1998 File:SE1998Aug22A.png Annular |
−0.2644 | |
| 140 | February 16, 1999 File:SE1999Feb16A.png Annular |
−0.4726 | 145 File:Solar eclipse 1999 4.jpg Totality in France |
August 11, 1999 File:SE1999Aug11T.png Total |
0.5062 | |
| 150 | February 5, 2000 File:SE2000Feb05P.png Partial |
−1.2233 | 155 | July 31, 2000 File:SE2000Jul31P.png Partial |
1.2166 | |
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Saros 130
This eclipse is a part of Saros series 130, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 73 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on August 20, 1096. It contains total eclipses from April 5, 1475 through July 18, 2232. There are no annular or hybrid eclipses in this set. The series ends at member 73 as a partial eclipse on October 25, 2394. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
The longest duration of totality was produced by member 30 at 6 minutes, 41 seconds on July 11, 1619. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.[8]
| Series members 41–62 occur between 1801 and 2200: | ||
|---|---|---|
| 41 | 42 | 43 |
| File:SE1817Nov09T.gif November 9, 1817 |
File:SE1835Nov20T.gif November 20, 1835 |
File:SE1853Nov30T.gif November 30, 1853 |
| 44 | 45 | 46 |
| File:SE1871Dec12T.gif December 12, 1871 |
File:SE1889Dec22T.png December 22, 1889 |
File:SE1908Jan03T.png January 3, 1908 |
| 47 | 48 | 49 |
| File:SE1926Jan14T.png January 14, 1926 |
File:SE1944Jan25T.png January 25, 1944 |
File:SE1962Feb05T.png February 5, 1962 |
| 50 | 51 | 52 |
| File:SE1980Feb16T.png February 16, 1980 |
File:SE1998Feb26T.png February 26, 1998 |
File:SE2016Mar09T.png March 9, 2016 |
| 53 | 54 | 55 |
| File:SE2034Mar20T.png March 20, 2034 |
File:SE2052Mar30T.png March 30, 2052 |
File:SE2070Apr11T.png April 11, 2070 |
| 56 | 57 | 58 |
| File:SE2088Apr21T.png April 21, 2088 |
File:SE2106May03T.png May 3, 2106 |
File:SE2124May14T.png May 14, 2124 |
| 59 | 60 | 61 |
| File:SE2142May25T.png May 25, 2142 |
File:SE2160Jun04T.png June 4, 2160 |
File:SE2178Jun16T.png June 16, 2178 |
| 62 | ||
| File:SE2196Jun26T.png June 26, 2196 | ||
Metonic series
The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.
| 21 eclipse events between July 22, 1971 and July 22, 2047 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| July 22 | May 9–11 | February 26–27 | December 14–15 | October 2–3 |
| 116 | 118 | 120 | 122 | 124 |
| File:SE1971Jul22P.png July 22, 1971 |
File:SE1975May11P.png May 11, 1975 |
File:SE1979Feb26T.png February 26, 1979 |
File:SE1982Dec15P.png December 15, 1982 |
File:SE1986Oct03H.png October 3, 1986 |
| 126 | 128 | 130 | 132 | 134 |
| File:SE1990Jul22T.png July 22, 1990 |
File:SE1994May10A.png May 10, 1994 |
File:SE1998Feb26T.png February 26, 1998 |
File:SE2001Dec14A.png December 14, 2001 |
File:SE2005Oct03A.png October 3, 2005 |
| 136 | 138 | 140 | 142 | 144 |
| File:SE2009Jul22T.png July 22, 2009 |
File:SE2013May10A.png May 10, 2013 |
File:SE2017Feb26A.png February 26, 2017 |
File:SE2020Dec14T.png December 14, 2020 |
File:SE2024Oct02A.png October 2, 2024 |
| 146 | 148 | 150 | 152 | 154 |
| File:SE2028Jul22T.png July 22, 2028 |
File:SE2032May09A.png May 9, 2032 |
File:SE2036Feb27P.png February 27, 2036 |
File:SE2039Dec15T.png December 15, 2039 |
File:SE2043Oct03A.png October 3, 2043 |
| 156 | ||||
| File:SE2047Jul22P.png July 22, 2047 | ||||
Tritos series
Template:Solar Tritos series 2009 January 26
Inex series
Template:Solar Inex series 2027 February 6
Notes
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References
- Earth visibility chart and eclipse statistics Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC
External links
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Sites and Photos
- Venezuela. Prof. Druckmüller's eclipse photography site
- Aruba. Prof. Druckmüller's eclipse photography site
- Solar Corona Shape
- [1] APOD 3/11/1998, A Total Eclipse of the Sun, totality from Venezuela.
- [2] APOD 3/12/1998, Moon Shadow satellite animation, 2/1998.
- The 1998 Eclipse in Venezuela
Videos
- Total eclipse, 1998 February 26, Venezuela
- Aruba Eclipse - February 26, 1998
- Maracaibo eclipse solar 1998
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