Sitting volleyball
(Redirected from Sitting Volleyball)
Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Sitting volleyball is a form of volleyball for athletes with a disability organized by World ParaVolley. As opposed to standing volleyball, sitting volleyball players must sit on the floor to play.
History
Sitting volleyball was invented in the Netherlands by the Dutch Sport Committee in 1956 as a rehabilitation sport for injured soldiers. [1][2] In 1958, the first international sitting volleyball contact was held between Germany and Dutch clubteams.[3]
It was created as a combination of volleyball and sitzball, a German sport with no net and seated players. Sitting volleyball first appeared in the 1976 Summer Paralympics as a demonstration sport for athletes with impaired mobility, and both standing and sitting volleyball became officially included as medal sports in the 1980 Summer Paralympics. Women's sitting volleyball was added for the 2004 Summer Paralympics.[4]
After the London 2012 games, VolleySLIDE was founded by Matt Rogers to promote and develop the sport globally.[5] Eight men's and eight women's teams competed in the 2020 Tokyo Paralympic Games.[1]
Rules
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". In sitting volleyball, a Script error: No such module "convert"., Script error: No such module "convert". net is set at Script error: No such module "convert". high for men and Script error: No such module "convert". high for women. The court is Script error: No such module "convert". meters with a 2-metre (6.6-foot) attack line. The rules are the same as the original form of volleyball with the exceptions that players must have at least one buttock in contact with the floor whenever they make contact with the ball and it is also possible to block the serve.[6]Template:Self-published inline[3]
Athletes with the following disabilities are eligible to compete in sitting volleyball: athletes with amputations, spinal cord injuries, cerebral palsy, brain injuries and stroke. Classifications of these athletes by disability are placed into two categories: VS1 and VS2 formerly D and MD. While VS2 athletes have lost only a fraction of their muscular strength and flexibility in a joint preventing them from successfully playing standing volleyball, VS1 athletes have lost all of their muscular strength and flexibility in that joint.
Only two VS2 players are allowed on the court at a time; this is to keep the competition fair between rival teams. The rest of the team must be classified as VS1 players.[3][7]
Skills
Skills are largely identical to the sport of volleyball and the following game terminology apply:
- Ace – A serve that lands in the opponent's court without being touched.
- Attack – An attempt by a player to win a point by hitting the ball over the net.
- Attack line – In indoor volleyball, a line three metres from the net which marks the limit for where a back-row player may advance to hit a ball from above the net.
- Back-row player – In indoor volleyball, any of three players positioned at the back of the court.
- Block – To block an opposing player from spiking the ball by jumping at the net with arms in the air.
- Boom – In beach volleyball, a spike straight down into the sand (slang).
- Centre line – In indoor volleyball, the imaginary line running directly under the net and dividing the court in half.
- Chuck – To push or throw the ball rather than hit it (slang).
- Court – The playing area.
- Crossing space – The zone above the net and between two antennae through which the ball must pass during a rally.
- Dig – A defensive move in which both arms are placed together in an attempt to bounce a hard-hit ball up into the air.
- End line – A back boundary line of the court.
- Facial – A boom or spike that hits an opponent in the face (slang).
- Fault – A foul or error which results in the loss of the rally.
- Front-row player – In indoor volleyball, any of three players positioned closest to the net.
- Front zone – In indoor volleyball, the area between the net and the attack line.
- Ground – To hit the ball to the ground, preferably on the other team's court.
- Heater – A hard-hit or spiked ball (slang).
- Hit – To touch the ball as an offensive player, one of three "hits" allowed a team in getting the ball back over the net.
- Hold – To let the ball settle into the hands briefly on a shot instead of releasing it immediately.
- Joust – A joust occurs above the net between two or more opposing players that forces the ball to become stationary. Point is replayed.
- Kill – To smash the ball overarm into the opponent's court; also called a "spike".
- Kong – A one-handed block, named after King Kong's style of swatting biplanes in the original King Kong movie (slang).
- Libero – In indoor volleyball, a substitute defensive player especially adept at digging.
- Lip – A good dig (slang
- Match – A series of sets to determine a winner.
- Mintonette – The original name for volleyball.
- Missile – A spike or serve hit out of bounds (slang).
- Pass – the attempt by a team to properly handle the opponent's serve, or any form of attack.
- Rally – The exchange of plays that decides each point.
- Rotate – In indoor volleyball, to move to the next position on the floor in a clockwise manner.
- Screen – To impede the opponent's view of the ball during the serve.
- Serve – The stroke used to put the ball in play at the start of each rally.
- Set – 1. The part of a match completed when one side has scored enough points to win a single contest. 2. To position the ball so a teammate can attack.
- Setter – A player who excels in setting up teammates to attack.
- Sideline – A side boundary line on a court.
- Spade – An ace (slang).
- Spike – To smash the ball overarm into the opponent's court; also called a "kill".
- Windmill Spike (hand movement during Spike follows motion of windmill).
Members
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".Template:Cleanup inline
List also includes former members (national teams that took part in previous major tournaments).
- List of sitting volleyball national teams[8]
<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
- Template:Flagcountry
Defunct national teams
Championships
Paralympics
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
Sitting volleyball was first demonstrated at the Summer Paralympic Games in 1976 and was introduced as a full Paralympic event in 1980. The 2000 games was the last time standing volleyball appeared on the Paralympic programme. The women's sitting volleyball event introduction followed in the 2004 Paralympic Games.[6]
World ParaVolley (formerly WOVD) World Championships
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
Sitting
Men's Sitting – past winners
| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Flagicon 1983 | Delden | NetherlandsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Netherlands | GermanyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Germany | FinlandScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Finland |
| Template:Flagicon 1985 | Kristiansand | IranScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Iran | Socialist Federal Republic of YugoslaviaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Yugoslavia | NetherlandsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Netherlands |
| Template:Flagicon 1986 | Pécs | IranScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Iran | HungaryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Hungary | NetherlandsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Netherlands |
| Template:Flagicon 1989 | Las Vegas | NetherlandsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Netherlands | HungaryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Hungary | GermanyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Germany |
| Template:Flagicon 1990 | Assen | IranScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Iran | NetherlandsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Netherlands | Socialist Federal Republic of YugoslaviaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Yugoslavia |
| Template:Flagicon 1994 | Bottrop | IranScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Iran | NorwayScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Norway | NetherlandsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Netherlands |
| Template:Flagicon 1998 | Tehran | IranScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Iran | FinlandScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Finland | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Template:Flagicon 2002 | Cairo | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | GermanyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Germany | IranScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Iran |
| Template:Flagicon 2006 | Roermond | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | IranScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Iran | EgyptScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Egypt |
| Template:Flagicon 2010 | Edmond | IranScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Iran | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | EgyptScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Egypt |
| Template:Flagicon 2014 | Elblag | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | BrazilScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil | IranScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Iran |
| Template:Flagicon 2018 | The Hague | IranScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Iran | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | UkraineScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Ukraine |
| Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 2022 | Sarajevo | IranScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Iran | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | BrazilScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil |
| ChinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 2026 | Hangzhou | Template:Country dataTemplate:Namespace detect showallScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Template:Country dataTemplate:Namespace detect showallScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Template:Country dataTemplate:Namespace detect showallScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
.svg){kind=link}
Ranking
Women's Sitting – past winners
| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Flagicon 1994 | Bottrop | NetherlandsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Netherlands | LatviaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Latvia | LithuaniaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Lithuania |
| Template:Flagicon 2000 | Maastricht | NetherlandsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Netherlands | FinlandScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Finland | SloveniaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Slovenia |
| Template:Flagicon 2002 | Kamnik | NetherlandsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Netherlands | SloveniaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Slovenia | FinlandScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Finland |
| Template:Flagicon 2006 | Roermond | NetherlandsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Netherlands | ChinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". China | SloveniaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Slovenia |
| Template:Flagicon 2010 | Edmond | ChinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". China | United StatesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". United States | UkraineScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Ukraine |
| Template:Flagicon 2014 | Elblag | ChinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". China | United StatesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". United States | RussiaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Russia |
| Template:Flagicon 2018 | Rotterdam | RussiaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Russia | United StatesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". United States | ChinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". China |
| Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 2022 | Sarajevo | BrazilScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil | CanadaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Canada | United StatesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". United States |
| ChinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 2026 | Hangzhou | Template:Country dataTemplate:Namespace detect showallScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Template:Country dataTemplate:Namespace detect showallScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Template:Country dataTemplate:Namespace detect showallScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
.svg){kind=link}
Ranking
Standing
Beach
ParaVolley Europe (formerly ECVD) European Championships
Euro Federation
https://paravolley.eu/competitions
https://paravolley.eu/competitions/history/roll-of-honour
NATIONS LEAGUE 2024
Men's Sitting – past winners
Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
| Edition | Year | City | Gold medal | Silver medal | Bronze medal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | 1981 | Bonn | NED | FRG | SWE |
| II | 1983 | Delten | NED | FRG | FIN |
| III | 1985 | Kristiansand | NED | YUG | SWE |
| IV | 1987 | Sarajevo | NED | YUG | NOR |
| V | 1991 | Nottingham | NED | HUN | NOR |
| VI | 1993 | Järvenpää | NOR | FIN | HUN |
| VII | 1995 | Ljubljana | HUN | NOR | NED |
| VIII | 1997 | Tallinn | FIN | NOR | BIH |
| IX | 1999 | Sarajevo | BIH | GER | FIN |
| X | 2001 | Sárospatak | BIH | GER | NED |
| XI | 2003 | Lappeenranta | BIH | GER | FIN |
| XII | 2005 | Leverkusen | BIH | GER | RUS |
| XIII | 2007 | Nyíregyháza | BIH | RUS | GER |
| XIV | 2009 | Elbląg | BIH | RUS | GER |
| XV | 2011 | Rotterdam | BIH | RUS | GER |
| XVI | 2013 | Elbląg | BIH | RUS | GER |
| XVII | 2015 | Warendorf | BIH | GER | RUS |
| XVIII | 2017 | Poreč | RUS | UKR | BIH |
| XIX | 2019 | Budapest | RUS | BIH | GER |
| XX | 2021 | Kemer | BIH | RUS | GER |
| XXI | 2023 | Caorle | BIH | GER | UKR |
| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Flagicon 1981 | Bonn | NetherlandsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Netherlands | GermanyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Germany | SwedenScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Sweden |
| Template:Flagicon 1983 | Delden | Script error: No such module "flag". | Script error: No such module "flag". | Script error: No such module "flag". |
| Template:Flagicon 1985 | Kristiansand | Script error: No such module "flag". | Script error: No such module "flag". | Script error: No such module "flag". |
| Template:Flagicon 1987 | Sarajevo | NetherlandsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Netherlands | Socialist Federal Republic of YugoslaviaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Yugoslavia | Script error: No such module "flag". |
| Template:Flagicon 1989 Not Held | ||||
| Template:Flagicon 1991 | Nottingham | NetherlandsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Netherlands | Script error: No such module "flag". | Script error: No such module "flag". |
| Template:Flagicon 1993 | Järvenpää | NorwayScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Norway | FinlandScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Finland | Script error: No such module "flag". |
| Template:Flagicon 1995 | Ljubljana | HungaryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Hungary | Script error: No such module "flag". | Script error: No such module "flag". |
| Template:Flagicon 1997 | Tallinn | FinlandScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Finland | Script error: No such module "flag". | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Template:Flagicon 1999 | Sarajevo | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | GermanyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Germany | FinlandScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Finland |
| Template:Flagicon 2001 | Sárospatak | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | GermanyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Germany | Script error: No such module "flag". |
| Template:Flagicon 2003 | Lappeenranta | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | GermanyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Germany | FinlandScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Finland |
| Template:Flagicon 2005 | Leverkusen | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | GermanyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Germany | RussiaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Russia |
| Template:Flagicon 2007 | Nyíregyháza | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | RussiaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Russia | GermanyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Germany |
| Template:Flagicon 2009 | Elbląg | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | RussiaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Russia | GermanyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Germany |
| Template:Flagicon 2011 | Rotterdam | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | RussiaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Russia | GermanyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Germany |
| Template:Flagicon 2013 | Elbląg | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | RussiaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Russia | GermanyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Germany |
| Template:Flagicon 2015 | Warendorf | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | GermanyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Germany | RussiaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Russia |
| Template:Flagicon 2017 | Poreč | RussiaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Russia | UkraineScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Ukraine | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Template:Flagicon 2019 | Budapest | RussiaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Russia | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | GermanyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Germany |
| Template:Flagicon 2021 | Antalya | Bosnia and HerzegovinaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bosnia and Herzegovina | RussiaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Russia | GermanyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Germany |
| Template:Flagicon 2023 | Caorle | Template:Flagicon Bosnia and Herzegovina | Template:Flagicon Germany | Template:Flagicon Ukraine |
Women's Sitting – past winners
Men (1981–2023)
Women (1993–2023)
See also
- Pieter Joon - World Organization Volleyball for Disabled (WOVD) founder and former president
- Volleyball variations
- Volleyball at the Summer Paralympics
- World Para Volleyball Championship
- 2022 Sitting Volleyball World Championships – Men's event
- 2022 Sitting Volleyball World Championships – Women's event
- 2023 Asia and Oceania Sitting Volleyball Championships
- Sitting volleyball at the Asian Para Games
- 2023 Sitting Volleyball World Cup – Men's event
- 2023 Sitting Volleyball World Cup – Women's event
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ a b "Sitting Volleyball." Tokyo 1500. https://tokyo2020.org/en/games/sport/paralympic/sitting-volleyball/.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b c “Sitting Volleyball: Paralympic Classification Interactive.” Team USA, United States Olympic Committee, 2019, www.teamusa.org/US-Paralympics/athlete-classifications/standing-volleyball/.
- ↑ "Sport Week: History of Sitting Volleyball." Official Website of the Paralympic Movement, 2016. https://www.paralympic.org/news/sport-week-history-sitting-volleyball/.
- ↑ "VolleySlide Founder and Leader. World ParaVolley VolleySLIDE. http://www.volleyslide.net/founder-leader/4583509203/ Template:Webarchive.
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ “Sitting Volleyball.” UCO, sites.uco.edu/wellness/sr/trainingsite/tssitvolleyball.asp.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
External links
- VolleySlide
- Sitting volleyball on International Paralympic Committee website
- Beijing 2008 Paralympic Sitting Volleyball Information with an Australian slant from accessibility.com.au – includes nomination criteria for the 2008 Australian Paralympic Volleyball squad.
Template:Team Sport Template:IPC-recognised paralympic sports Template:WOVD teams Script error: No such module "navbox". Template:European Championships