<templatestyles src="Template:Sky/styles.css" />Coordinates: Sky map 17h 33m 36.520s, −37° 06′ 13.76″

Lambda Scorpii

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Template:Short description

λ Scorpii
Template:Location mark
Location of λ Scorpii (circled)
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Scorpius
Pronunciation Script error: No such module "IPAc-en".[1][2]
Right ascension Template:RA[3]
Declination Template:DEC[3]
Apparent magnitude (V) 1.63[4]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage Main sequence (A and B)[5] + pre-main sequence (a)[6]
Spectral type B1.5IV + B2IV[5][7]
U−B Template:Engvar −0.880[8]
B−V Template:Engvar −0.240[8]
Variable type Beta Cephei (Aa1)[6] + Algol (Aa1/2) [9]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−3.00[10] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −8.90[3] mas/yr[3]
Dec.: −29.95 mas/yr[3]
Parallax (π)5.71±0.90 mas[3]
Distanceapprox. Template:Rnd ly
(approx. Template:Rnd pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)−3.70[11]
Orbit[12]
PrimaryAa
CompanionAb
Period (P)2.8825 yr
Semi-major axis (a)Script error: No such module "val".
Eccentricity (e)0.121
Inclination (i)77.2°
Orbit[12]
PrimaryAa1
CompanionAa2
Period (P)Script error: No such module "val".
Eccentricity (e)0.26
Semi-amplitude (K1)
(primary)		39.3 km/s
Details
λ Sco Aa1 (A)
Mass10.4[5] Template:Solar mass
RadiusScript error: No such module "val".[6] Template:Solar radius
Luminosity36,300[6] Template:Solar luminosity
Surface gravity (log g)3.8[7] cgs
TemperatureScript error: No such module "val".[6] K
RotationScript error: No such module "val".[6] days
Rotational velocity (v sin i)150[6] km/s
λ Sco Aa2 (a)
MassScript error: No such module "val".[6] Template:Solar mass
RadiusScript error: No such module "val".[6] Template:Solar radius
Metallicity [Fe/H]{{{metal_fe2}}} dex
λ Sco Ab (B)
Mass8.1[5] Template:Solar mass
RadiusScript error: No such module "val".[6] Template:Solar radius
Surface gravity (log g)4.0[7] cgs
TemperatureScript error: No such module "val".[6] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]{{{metal_fe2}}} dex
Other designations
Template:Odlist
Database references
SIMBADdata

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Lambda Scorpii is a triple star system and the second-brightest object in the constellation of Scorpius. It is formally named Shaula; Lambda Scorpii is its Bayer designation, which is Latinised from λ Scorpii and abbreviated Lambda Sco or λ Sco. With an apparent visual magnitude of 1.63, it is one of the brightest stars in the night sky.

Nomenclature

λ Scorpii (Latinised to Lambda Scorpii) is the star system's Bayer designation.

It bore the traditional name Shaula, which comes from the Arabic الشولاء al-šawlā´ meaning 'the raised [tail]', as it is found in the tail of Scorpius, the scorpion. In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)[13] to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN's first bulletin of July 2016[14] included a table of the first two batches of names approved by the WGSN, which included Shaula for the star λ Scorpii Aa1.

In Indian astronomy, it is part of the asterism Mula with other stars in the tail of Scorpius. Mūla ("root") (Devanagari मूल/मूळ) (Tamil: மூலம்) is the 19th nakshatra or "lunar mansion" in Vedic astrology. The symbol of Mula is a bunch of roots tied together (reticulated roots) or an 'elephant goad' (ankusha).[15]

In Chinese, Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".), meaning Tail, refers to an asterism consisting of λ Scorpii, ε Scorpii, ζ1 Scorpii, ζ2 Scorpii, η Scorpii, θ Scorpii, ι1 Scorpii, ι2 Scorpii, κ Scorpii, μ1 Scorpii, and υ Scorpii.[16] Consequently, the Chinese name for λ Scorpii itself is Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".), "the Eighth Star of Tail".[17]

Together with υ Scorpii (Lesath), Shaula is listed in the Babylonian compendium MUL.APIN as dSharur4 u dShargaz, meaning "Sharur and Shargaz".[18] In Coptic, these two stars were called Minamref.[19]

The indigenous Boorong people of northwestern Victoria (Australia) named it (together with Upsilon Scorpii) Karik Karik,[20] "the Falcons".[21]

Properties

File:LambdaScoLightCurve.png
A light curve for Lambda Scorpii, plotted from TESS data.[22] The large dips in brightness are eclipses, and the rapid oscillations show the Beta Cephei variability.

Lambda Scorpii is located approximately 570 light-years away from the Sun.

Spectroscopic and interferometric observations have shown that it is actually a triple star system consisting of two B-type stars and a pre-main-sequence star.[6] The primary star is a Beta Cephei variable star with rapid brightness changes of about a hundredth of a magnitude.[7][5] The pre-main-sequence star has an orbital period of 6 days and the B-type companion has a period of 1,053 days. The three stars lie in the same orbital plane, strongly suggesting that they were formed at the same time. The masses of the primary, pre-main-sequence star and the B-type companion are 14.5, 2.0 and 10.6 solar masses, respectively. The age of the system is estimated to be in the range 10–13 million years.

A 15th-magnitude star has a separation of 42 arcseconds, whereas a 12th-magnitude star is 95 arcseconds away. It is not known whether or not these components are physically associated with Lambda Scorpii. If they both were, the first would have a projected linear separation of approximately 7,500 astronomical units (AU) and the second approximately 17,000 AU (0.27 light-years) away. Gaia Data Release 3 reports that the fainter of these two stars is a little larger and brighter than the sun and about 420 light years away,[23] while the brighter star is a background object.[24]

In culture

Shaula appears on the flag of Brazil, symbolizing the state of Rio Grande do Norte.

USS Shaula (AK-118) was a U.S. Navy Crater-class cargo ship named after the star.

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Template:In lang 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, Template:ISBN.
  17. ↑ Template:In lang 香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表 Script error: No such module "webarchive"., Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Template:Cite Gaia DR3
  24. ↑ Template:Cite Gaia DR3

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Template:Stars of Scorpius

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