Skradin
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Skradin is a small town in the Šibenik-Knin County of Croatia. It is located near the Krka river and at the entrance to the Krka National Park, Script error: No such module "convert". from Šibenik and Script error: No such module "convert". from Split. The main attraction of the park, Slapovi Krke, is a series of waterfalls, the biggest of which, Skradinski buk, was named after Skradin.
History
During Antiquity, the city was known as Scardon and Scardona, a name attested in the writings of Strabo and Procopius (Template:Langx), Pliny the Elder (Template:Langx) and Ptolemy (Template:Langx).[1]
Before the Roman conquest, the settlement was Illyrian, with the particularity of having the locally recurring suffix -ona.[2] The prevailing theory links the root of the Illyrian toponym to a term meaning "steep", as a derivation of *sko/ard(h)-,[3][4] and it has been compared with the Scardus mountains in southern Illyria.[5] After an initial development in Vulgar Latin in the form -una, the Illyrian suffix was reflected in South Slavic as -in.[6][7] The survival of several of such toponyms in the area (e.g. Solin from Salona, Labin from Albona etc) points to the continuation of Illyrian settlements since ancient times.[6] Another, more peripheral, theory says the root of the name might be related to that of the Scordisci, a Celtic or Illyrian tribe.[1][8] Though initially located in present-day Eastern Slavonia and Syrmia,[9] the Scordisci might have been allied with the local tribe of the Dalmatae, as mercenaries, which would explain their presence in Dalmatia.[10]
After the Roman conquest, Skradin became an administrative and military centre of the region, and was mentioned as a municipium in 530.[7] It was destroyed during the Migration Period in the 7th century, and restored under Croatian rulers in Early Middle Ages.[11]
During the 10th century, it was one of the fortified towns in Croatia, as the centre of the Skradin županija.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Skradin under Šubić rule
In the late 13th and early 14th centuries, Skradin flourished as the capital of the Šubić bans, Paul I and Mladen II. The Šubić's built the Turina fortress on the hill overlooking the Skradin harbor.[12] They elevated the settlement below the fortress to a free city, at which point it also became a commune, and was granted its own statute and administration.[13][14][15] They further enriched the city by constructing several richly-endowed monasteries which housed the Dominicans, Franciscans and other Christian orders.[16]
Decline and Ottoman conquest
Skradin was conquered by the Ottomans in 1522 and remain part of the Ottoman Empire until 1684, with a few interruptions. During the Ottoman–Venetian wars, the town was devastated and subsequently relocated.[7]
In October 1683, some uskoks from Venetian Dalmatia, mainly Morlachs from Ravni Kotari, rose up against the Sanjak-bey of Klis and took Skradin and several other border towns which had been deserted by their Ottoman Muslim population, who was fearing an attack by the Morlachs.[17][18] The Venetians finally took Skradin in 1684 and the town recovered under their rule, during the 18th century, becoming the center of a municipality in 1705.[7]
Later, it was occupied by Napoleon as part of the French Empire, then Austria-Hungary.
In time it lost its importance as the centre of the region, which shifted to Šibenik, and so it stagnated - the Diocese of Skradin was abandoned in 1828.[19]
Population
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The municipality has a total population of 3,349 (2021 census). Its population is divided into the following settlements:[20]
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- Bićine, population 173
- Bratiškovci, population 233
- Bribir, population 89
- Cicvare, population 12
- Dubravice, population 509
- Gorice, population 22
- Gračac, population 159
- Ićevo, population 78
- Krković, population 151
- Lađevci, population 99
- Međare, population 5
- Piramatovci, population 209
- Plastovo, population 167
- Rupe, population 392
- Skradin, population 508
- Skradinsko Polje, population 51
- Sonković, population 297
- Vaćani, population 105
- Velika Glava, population 40
- Žažvić, population 29
- Ždrapanj, population 21
Notable people
- Filip Dominik Bordini - priest and bishop
- Lujo Marun - priest and archaeologist
- Josip Mrkica - priest and writer
- Rüstem Pasha - Ottoman leader (birthplace uncertain)
- Zdravko Škender - singer
References
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- ↑ Naklada Naprijed, The Croatian Adriatic Tourist Guide, pg. 209, Zagreb (1999), Template:ISBN
- ↑ Template:Croatian Census 2021
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External links
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