Feast of Saints Peter and Paul

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The Feast of Saints Peter and Paul or Solemnity of Saints Peter and Paul is a liturgical feast in honor of the martyrdom in Rome of the apostles Saint Peter and Saint Paul, which is observed on 29 June. The celebration is of ancient Christian origin, the date selected being the anniversary of either their death or the translation of their relics.[1]

Eastern Christianity

For Eastern Orthodox and some Eastern Catholic Christians this feast also marks the end of the Apostles' Fast (which began on the Monday following All Saints' Sunday, i.e., the second Monday after Pentecost).[2] While not considered among the twelve great feasts, it is one of five additional feasts ranked as a great feast in the Eastern Orthodox tradition and is often celebrated with an all-night vigil starting the evening before.[3] In the Julian calendar, 29 June falls on the Gregorian calendar date of 12 July from 1900 to 2099, inclusive.

In the Russian Orthodox tradition, Macarius of Unzha's Miracle of the Moose is said to have occurred during the Apostles' Fast and the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul that followed it.[4]

Oriental Orthodox tradition

In the Coptic Orthodox Church and the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, the feast of saints Peter and Paul is also celebrated on the day 5 Epip which is also the end of the fast of the apostles in these traditions.[5]

Spiritual Christian tradition

Although the Canadian Doukhobors, a Spiritual Christian denomination, do not venerate saints, the Feast of St. Peter and St. Paul has traditionally been a day of celebration for them. Since 1895, it has acquired a new significance as a commemoration of the "Burning of the Arms", the Doukhobors' destruction of their weapons, as a symbol of their refusal to participate in government-sponsored killing.[6] It is celebrated now by their descendants as simply "Peter's Day" (Russian: Petro den.), sometimes referred to as the "Doukhobor Peace Day".[7][6]

Western Christian tradition

In the General Roman Calendar, the celebration is a solemnity. In earlier editions, it was ranked as a Double (Tridentine calendar), Double of the First Class (e.g., General Roman Calendar of 1954), or First-Class Feast (General Roman Calendar of 1960). Prior to the liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII, this feast was followed by a common octave. On this feast, newly created metropolitan archbishops receive from the pope the primary symbol of their office, the pallium.[8]

It is a holy day of obligation in the Latin Church, although individual conferences of bishops can suppress the obligation.[9] The Enchiridion Indulgentiarum of 2004 grants a partial indulgence to the faithful who devoutly recite the prayer in honor of the apostles on the Solemnity, and a plenary indulgence to those who devoutly use a sacramental blessed by a bishop, provided they make a valid profession of faith during its use.[10][11]

In England, Scotland, and Wales, as in most of the world, the Latin Church continues to observe the feast as a holy day of obligation; however, in the United States and Canada, it has not been observed as a holy day of obligation since 1840.[12]

The Church of England celebrates 29 June as a festival.[13] The Lutheran churches celebrate it in the rank of a lesser festival.[14]

Because of the importance of Sts. Peter and Paul to the Catholic Church, many Catholic-majority countries observe their feast day as a public holiday. The feast is observed in Rome because St. Paul and St. Peter are patron saints of the Eternal City.[15] In the Apulia region of southeastern Italy, the feast has been associated with the Tarantella dance since the Middle Ages.[16]

In Malta, the solemnity is a public holiday and in Maltese is known as L-Imnarja. It is celebrated with festivals the preceding weekend in Nadur Gozo and as well as Buskett Gardens in Rabat.[17]

It is also a public holiday of the Canton of Ticino, Switzerland, as well as parts of the Swiss cantons of Lucerne and Graubünden.[18] It is a public holiday in Peru[19] and in various municipalities of the Philippines.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". In Ormoc, festivals, bazaars, parades, and pageants are held annually on the feast day, as Peter and Paul are the city's patron saints.[20]

In 1577, Jan Rubens named his son Peter Paul, because he was born during the office of vespers of this day.[21]

See also

References

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External links

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  1. ↑ Template:Catholic
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Mother Mary; Ware, Kallistos, "The Festal Menaion", p. 41. St. Tikhon's Seminary Press, 1998.
  4. ↑ Count M.V. Tolstoy, Stories from the History of Russian Church (РАССКАЗЫ ИЗ ИСТОРИИ РУССКОЙ ЦЕРКВИ), vol.3 Template:In lang
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Tarasoff, Koozma J. The Doukhobor Peace Day Template:Webarchive, May 4, 2002
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Codex Iuris Canonici (1983), canon 1246.
  10. ↑ Enchiridion Indulgentiarum, Concessiones, n°. 20, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 4th edition, 2004, p. 67. Template:ISBN. Latin quote: "Partialis indulgentia conceditur christifideli qui orationem Sancti Apostoli Petre et Paule devote recitaverit. 'Sancti Apostoli Petre et Paule, intercedite pro nobis. Protege, Domine, populum tuum; et Apostolorum tuorum Petri et Pauli patrocinio confidentem, perpetua defensione conserva. Per Christum Dominum nostrum. Amen.'"
  11. ↑ Enchiridion Indulgentiarum, Normae, n°. 17, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 4th edition, 1999. Official Latin text: "Christifidelis qui pietatis obiecto (crucifixo, cruce, corona, scapulari, numismate), a quovis sacerdote rite benedicto, pia utitur mente, consequitur indulgentiam partialem. Si autem pietatis obiectum a Summo Pontifice aut a quolibet Episcopo fuerit benedictum, christifidelis, eodem obiecto pia utens mente, assequi potest etiam indulgentiam plenariam die festo SS. Apostolorum Petri et Pauli, addita tamen, qualibet legitima formula, fidei professione." (accessed 26 June 2025.)
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Anon (1968). Tarantism: St. Paul and the Spider, in Essays and Reviews form the Times Literary Supplement. London: Oxford University Press, pp. 172–183. Originally published in the Times Literary Supplement, 27 April 1967. pp. 173–174
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Historische levensbeschryving van P.P. Rubens Door Jean François Marie Michel p.14
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