Self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon

File:ZSU-23-4-Camp-Pendleton.jpg

A Soviet-made ZSU-23-4 "Shilka" in California during a USMC exercise, 1997

An anti-aircraft vehicle, also known as a self-propelled anti-aircraft gun (SPAAG) or self-propelled air defense system (SPAD), is a mobile vehicle with a dedicated anti-aircraft capability.

Specific weapon systems used include machine guns, autocannons, larger guns, or surface-to-air missiles, and some mount both guns and longer-ranged missiles (e.g. the Pantsir missile system). Platforms used include both trucks and heavier combat vehicles such as armoured personnel carriers and tanks, which add protection from aircraft, artillery, and small arms fire for front line deployment.

Anti-aircraft guns are usually mounted in a quickly-traversing turret with a high rate of elevation, for tracking fast-moving aircraft. They are often in dual or quadruple mounts, allowing a high rate of fire. In addition, most anti-aircraft guns can be used in a direct-fire role against surface targets. Today, surface-to-air missiles (generally mounted on similar turrets) have largely supplanted anti-aircraft guns.

Examples

Some examples of modern SPAAG:

Model	Manufacturer	Image	Origin	Platforms	Weapons	Caliber and ammunitions	Number built	Notes
CS/SA5 SPAAG	Norinco	—	China	Type 08	1 × Gatling gun (6 barrels) 2 × FN-6A	30 × 113 mm —	—
PGZ-95 SPAAA	Norinco	File:Type 95 SPAAG - Beijing Museum 1.jpg	China	—	4 × PG-87 4 × QW-2 IR missiles	25 x 183 mmB	~ 270
PGZ-04/A SPAAA					4 × Type 87 4 × FN-6 IR missiles			Upgraded variant of PGZ-95 SPAAA
PGZ-09 SPAAA	Norinco	File:PGZ-09 Self-propelled anti-aircraft artillery 20170902.jpg	China	PLZ-05 chassis	2 × PG99	Template:Ill	—
PGZ 625 PGL-XX (Code name 625)	Norinco	—	China	Type 08	1 × Gatling gun (6 barrels) 4 to 8 × FN-16 (for PGZ 625E)	25 × 287 mm	—
PGL-12 (Type 12)	Norinco	—	China	Type 08	1 × 35 mm revolver cannon 4 × FN-6 in PGZ-04A pod.	Template:Ill	—
Machbet	IAI (Israeli Aircraft Industries)		Israel	M113	1 × M61A1 Vulcan Gatling gun (6 barrels) 4 × FIM-92 Stinger	20 × 102 mm —	—	Entered service in 1997, retired in 2006
OTOMATIC "OTO Main Anti-aircraft Tank for Intercept and Combat"	OTO-Melara	File:76-mm Super Rapid Gun System on OF-40 tank chassis (moderately clouded sky background).png	Italy	Hulls of the: Leopard 1A2 OF-40 Mk.2 Palmaria	1 × Cannone 76/62 OTO-Breda Super Rapido	76 × 636 mmR	2
SIDAM 25	OTO Breda	File:SIDAM-IT.JPG	Italy	M113	4 × Oerlikon KBA	25 × 137 mm	275
Stryker M-SHORAD "Maneuver Short Range Air Defense"	Leonardo DRS	File:5-4 ADA train with Polish ADA during Saber Strike 2022 03 (cropped).jpg	ItalyUnited States	Stryker	1 × XM914 (M230LF chain gun) 1 M240 (7.62mm) 4 × FIM-92 Stinger 2 × AGM-114L Hellfire	30 × 113 mm 7.62 × 51 mm — —	312 to 361
Type 87 SPAAG	MHI (Mitsubishi Heavy Industries)	File:JGSDF type 87 Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft Gun 02.jpg	Japan	Type 74 tank	2 × Oerlikon KDA	Template:Ill HEI ammunition	52
Kongsberg RS6 MADIS RWS MK2 "Marine Air Defense Integrated System US Marine Corps Ground Based Air Defense"	Kongsberg	—	Norway	Oshkosh JLTV	1 × XM914E1 (M230LF chain gun) 1 × M240C (7.62mm) 2 × Air-to-Air Stinger	30 × 113 mm 7.62 × 51 mm —	—	Future USMC SHORAD system
PZA Loara	Template:Ill	File:Loara Kielce.png	Poland	T-72M chassis	2 × Oerlikon KDA	Template:Ill HEI ammunition	2 - 4
SA-35	PIT-RADWAR PGZ (Polska Grupa Zbrojeniowa)	—	Poland	Jelcz 6×6	1 × Oerlikon KDA	35 x 228 mm Air burst programmable rounds	—	Developed from AM-35K naval gun.
ZSU-23-4MP Biała	ZMT SA (Zakłady Mechaniczne Tarnów)	File:Strzelania 34. Brygady Kawalerii Pancernej z Żagania z ZSU-23-4 MP „BIAŁA” (03).jpg	Poland	—	4 × AZP-23 4 × Grom IR missiles	23 × 152 mm —	~ 70	Polish modernised variant
Mangart 25	Valhalla Turrets	File:OPERATION SHIELD 2025 (8968839) (cropped).jpg	Slovenia	Oshkosh JLTV	1 × Oerlikon KBA 1 × FN MAG Option for short-range IR missiles	25 × 137 mm 7.62 × 51 mm	—
K263 Cheongoong SPAAG	Doosan	File:2013.10.1 건군 제65주년 국군의 날 행사 The celebration ceremony for the 65th Anniversary of ROK Armed Forces (10078326986) (cropped).jpg	South Korea	K200A1 KIFV	1 × KM167 A1 VADS Gatling gun (6 barrels)	20 × 102 mm	200
K30 Bi Ho "Flying Tiger"	Doosan	File:2014 대한민국 방위산업전(DX Korea) 육군의 명품 무기와 장비 소개 (14960330913) (cropped).jpg	South Korea	K200A1 KIFV	2 × Oerlikon KCB	30 × 170 mm	176
K30 Bi Ho Hybrid "Flying Tiger"	Hanwha Aerospace LIG Nex1	File:US Army photo 160803-A-VV548-006 Standing Watch together (cropped).jpg	South Korea	K808 White Tiger	2 × Oerlikon KCB 2 × LIG Nex1 Chiron	30 × 170 mm —	—
K30 Bi Ho II "Flying Tiger"	Joint Venture Hanwha Aerospace SAMI (Saudi Arabian Military Industries)	—	South Korea Saudi Arabia	K808 White Tiger	1 × Oerlikon KCB-B 4 SAM	30 × 170 mm Air burst programmable munitions —	—	In development
Lvkv 9040 Luftvärnskanonvagn 9040	BAE Systems Bofors	File:Swedish CV9040 AAV - Anti-Air Vehicle (cropped).JPG	Sweden	CV90	1 × 40 mm Bofors L/70B autocannon	40 × 365 mm	30
Flakpanzer Gepard	Oerlikon Contraves Krauss-Maffei	File:Romanian Army FlakPz Gepard SPAAG at Radom-2023.jpg	SwitzerlandGermany	Leopard 1	2 × Oerlikon KDA	Template:Ill HEI ammunition	570
Flakpanzer Gepard 1A2		File:Gepard 1a2 overview noBG.jpg			2 × Template:Ill	35 x 228 mm Airburst programmable rounds AHEAD
Skyranger 30	Rheinmetall Air Defence (Oerlikon)	File:Boxer Skyranger 30 ILA-2022.jpg File:MBDA, ILA 2024, Schoenefeld (ILA45444).jpg	SwitzerlandGermany	Boxer A3 / tracked KF-41 Lynx Pandur 6×6 EVO Piranha IV and V PMMC G5	Oerlikon KCE Option for short-range IR missiles (FIM-92 Stinger or Mistral)	30 × 173 mm Air burst programmable rounds AHEAD —	93 ordered (48 more planned, 9 in option)
Skyranger 35	Rheinmetall Air Defence (Oerlikon)	File:Boxer fitted with the Oerlikon Skyranger air defence system.jpg	SwitzerlandGermany	Boxer A3 / tracked KF-41 Lynx Leopard 2 Piranha IV and V	1 × Template:Ill	35 x 228 mm Air burst programmable rounds AHEAD	—	Turret based on Skyshield / MANTIS
GÜRZ	Aselsan	—	Turkey	Seyit 8×8 (Anadolu Savunma)	1 × KDC-02 4 × Bozdoğan IR missile	Template:Ill ATOM airburst —	—	Comparable to Pantsir, in development
KORKUT	Aselsan	File:2022-04-27 Gokdeniz 001.jpg (Turret adapted to land platform)	Turkey	ACV-30 (FNSS) Arma 8×8 (Otokar)	2 × KDC-02	Template:Ill ATOM airburst	13
Marksman	Marconi Electronic Systems	File:Marksman SPAAG.jpg	United Kingdom	T-55AM Leopard 2A4	2 × Oerlikon KDA	Template:Ill HEI ammunition	7

See also

• 4M (artillery)
• Assault gun
• Flakpanzer, a collective term for German anti-aircraft tanks, particularly those used in World War II.
• List of anti-aircraft guns
• Man-portable air-defense system
• Self-propelled artillery
• Tank destroyer