Russell County, Alabama

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Russell County is the easternmost county in the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 59,183.[1] Its county seat is Phenix City.[2] Its name is in honor of Colonel Gilbert C. Russell, who fought in the wars against the Creek Indians.

Russell County is part of the Columbus, GA-AL Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Of all counties in the United States, Russell County has the most people working in a state other than their own, at over 54% of the population, most of whom work in Columbus, Georgia.[3]

History

Russell County was established by an act of the state general assembly on December 18, 1832, from lands ceded to the state by the Creek Native Americans. The county seat has changed several times: Girard (1833–1839), Crawford originally Crockettsville (1839–1868), Seale (1868–1935) and Phenix City (1935–present). It was named for War of 1812, Col. Gilbert Christian Russell Sr., 1782–1861, 3rd U.S. Infantry.

In the 1940s and 1950s, Russell County and especially its county seat, Phenix City gained a reputation of lawlessness, political corruption and being a den for vice such as organized crime, prostitution, and gambling.[4] The city police and county deputies also took part in the corruption.[5] In 1954, the local politician Albert Patterson won the Democratic nomination for Alabama Attorney General on a platform of ridding the city of corruption and crime. Patterson ran for a state office since he was unable to run in local elections, as they were rigged. On June 18, 1954, Patterson was shot and killed by an unknown assassin.[4] The murder set off a series of events that led to Governor Gordon Persons declaring martial law in the county and city because of its lawlessness on July 22 that year. That was the only time since the Reconstruction era that martial law was declared in a US city for reasons other than civil unrest or natural disaster.[6] The Alabama National Guard was called in to assume the role of the police and clean up the area of illegal activities. The state of martial law was rescinded on January 17, 1955, with Russell County and Phenix City both returning to civilian control.[7][8] In 1974, the New York Times noted that the campaign was very successful and led to a relatively-low crime rate in Phenix City for the 20 years since then.[9]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". is land and Script error: No such module "convert". (0.9%) is water.[10] The county is located in the Gulf Coastal Plain region, with a few rolling hills due to its close proximity to the fall line of the eastern United States.

Major highways

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Adjacent counties

National protected area

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
184013,513—
185019,548Script error: No such module "String".%
186026,592Script error: No such module "String".%
187021,636Script error: No such module "String".%
188024,837Script error: No such module "String".%
189024,093Script error: No such module "String".%
190027,083Script error: No such module "String".%
191025,937Script error: No such module "String".%
192027,448Script error: No such module "String".%
193027,377Script error: No such module "String".%
194035,775Script error: No such module "String".%
195040,364Script error: No such module "String".%
196046,351Script error: No such module "String".%
197045,394Script error: No such module "String".%
198047,356Script error: No such module "String".%
199046,860Script error: No such module "String".%
200049,756Script error: No such module "String".%
201052,947Script error: No such module "String".%
202059,183Script error: No such module "String".%
2025 (est.)58,898[11] DecreaseScript error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[12]
1790–1960[13] 1900–1990[14]
1990–2000[15] 2010–2020[1]

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2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 59,183. The median age was 37.3 years. 24.5% of residents were under the age of 18 and 15.6% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 91.6 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 87.0 males age 18 and over.[16][17]

The racial makeup of the county was 46.5% White, 44.3% Black or African American, 0.4% American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.7% Asian, 0.2% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 2.0% from some other race, and 5.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 5.4% of the population.[17]

59.6% of residents lived in urban areas, while 40.4% lived in rural areas.[18]

There were 23,997 households in the county, of which 32.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 35.4% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. About 31.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[16]

There were 27,253 housing units, of which 11.9% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 57.1% were owner-occupied and 42.9% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.6% and the rental vacancy rate was 7.1%.[16]

Racial and ethnic composition

Russell County, Alabama – Racial and ethnic composition
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Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[19] Pop 2010[20] Pop 2020[21] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 27,925 27,591 26,679 56.12% 52.11% 45.08%
Black or African American alone (NH) 20,217 21,926 25,930 40.63% 41.41% 43.81%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 164 189 180 0.33% 0.36% 0.30%
Asian alone (NH) 173 223 408 0.35% 0.42% 0.69%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 34 112 128 0.07% 0.21% 0.22%
Other race alone (NH) 43 55 234 0.09% 0.10% 0.40%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) 456 905 2,429 0.92% 1.71% 4.10%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 744 1,946 3,195 1.50% 3.68% 5.40%
Total 49,756 52,947 59,183 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 52,947 people living in the county. 53.7% were White, 41.8% Black or African American, 0.4% Asian, 0.4% Native American, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 1.3% of some other race and 2.1% of two or more races. 3.7% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race).

2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 49,756 people, 19,741 households, and 13,423 families living in the county. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 22,831 housing units, at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of the county was: 56.69% White, 40.84% Black or African American, 0.37% Native American, 0.36% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 0.59% from other races, and 1.07% from two or more races. Nearly 1.50% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 19,741 households, out of which 32.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them; 44.40% were married couples living together, 18.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.00% were non-families. 28.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49, and the average family size was 3.05.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.50% under the age of 18, 9.10% from 18 to 24, 28.80% from 25 to 44, 22.40% from 45 to 64, and 13.10% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $27,492, and the median income for a family was $34,004. Males had a median income of $28,696 versus $20,882 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,015. About 16.80% of families and 19.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.50% of those under age 18 and 19.30% of those age 65 or over.

Government

Russell County narrowly trends Democratic in presidential elections; having last supported a Republican in 1972 when it voted for Richard Nixon. George W. Bush came within 38 votes of carrying the county in 2004.

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Communities

City

Town

Census-designated place

Unincorporated communities

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Former city

  • Girard (merged with Phenix City in 1923)

Notable people

See also

References

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  23. ↑ Willard, Frances Elizabeth; Livermore, Mary Ashton Rice, eds. (1893). "Miriam Howard Du Bose". Woman of the Century. p. 261.

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Sources

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External links

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