Romanian diaspora

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Romanian Diaspora)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Sidebar with collapsible lists

File:Romanian people around the world.svg
Countries with significant Romanian population and descendants (as of 2020).
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  Romania
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  + 1,000,000
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  + 100,000
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  + 10,000
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  + 1,000

The Romanian diaspora is the ethnically Romanian population outside Romania and Moldova. The concept does not usually include the ethnic Romanians who live as natives in nearby states, chiefly those Romanians who live in Ukraine, Hungary, Serbia, and Bulgaria. Therefore, the number of all Romanians abroad is estimated at 4–12 million people, depending on one's definition of the term "Romanian" as well as the inclusion respectively exclusion of ethnic Romanians living in nearby countries where they are indigenous. The definition of "who is a Romanian?" may range from rigorous conservative estimates based on self-identification and official statistics to estimates that include people of Romanian ancestry born in their respective countries as well as people born to various ethnic-minorities from Romania. As of 2015/16, over 97% of Romanian emigrants resided in OECD countries; and about 90% of Romanian emigrants in OECD countries lived in Europe, with the most common country of residence being Italy.[1] The vast majority of Romanian emigrants are based in just ten countries, with the most common countries being Italy, Germany, Spain, United Kingdom, United States, Hungary, France and Canada.[1]

Over one million Romanians live in Italy. Large Romanian populations exist in Spain, the UK and Germany, with the latter including many Germans of Romania.

After the Romanian Revolution of 1989, emigration was liberalized and during the 1990s the main destination countries for Romanian emigrants were Germany, Hungary, Israel, the United States and Canada.[1] After further liberalization in 1999, 2002 and especially after Romania entered the European Union in 2007, Italy, Spain, the UK and other EU countries became major destinations.[1][2]

Size of the Romanian diaspora

File:Italy Romania Locator.png
Italy is the most common destination for Romanian emigrants, with over one million Romanians living there.

In 2006, the Romanian diaspora was estimated at 8 million people by then President of Romania, Traian Băsescu, most of them living in the former USSR, Western Europe (esp. Italy, Spain, Germany, United Kingdom, France, and Austria), North America (Canada and the United States), South America, and Australia.[3] Nonetheless, it is unclear if Băsescu included the indigenous Romanians living in the immediate surroundings of the Romanian state, which are those in Moldova, Bulgaria, Hungary, Serbia and Ukraine.

In December 2013, Cristian David, the government minister for the Department for Romanians Everywhere, declared that a new reality illustrates that between 6–8 million Romanians live outside Romania's borders. This includes 2–3 million indigenous Romanians living in neighbouring states such as Ukraine, Hungary, Serbia, Bulgaria, the Balkans and especially the Republic of Moldova. The number also includes circa 2.7–3.5 million Romanians in Western Europe.[4]

Furthermore, the Romanian diaspora emerged as a powerful political force in elections since 2009.[5][6] For the 2014 presidential election, voting in the diaspora was poorly organized and resulted in protests in several major European cities. The diaspora vote played a key role in the final result.[6] 5 years later, in the 2019 presidential election, then center-right candidate and incumbent President Klaus Iohannis was once again overwhelmingly voted for by Romanian diaspora from all over the world.

Below is a list of self-declared ethnic Romanians in the countries where they live, excluding those who live in Romania and Moldova but including those who live in Ukraine, Serbia, Hungary, and Bulgaria.

The numbers are based on official statistical data in the respective states where such Romanians reside or – wherever such data is unavailable – based on official estimates made by the Romanian department for Romanians abroad (figures for Spain, Italy, Germany, the United Kingdom, France, Sweden, Portugal, and Turkey are for Romanian citizens, and may include individuals of any ethnicity).

Ethnic Romanians are primarily present in Europe and North America. However, there are ethnic Romanian enclaves in Turkey, both in the Asian and European parts of the country, who are descendants of Wallachian settlers invited by the Ottoman Empire from the early fourteenth to the late nineteenth centuries. Furthermore, there are about 2,000 Romanian immigrants in Japan since the late twentieth century.[7]

Distribution by country

File:2015-04-08 09.26.08 pm.png
Romanian diaspora inside the EU between 2008 and 2012
Country Year Population Origin, notes
File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy 2023 36 [8] Citizens (additional 122,667 Moldovans)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain 2022/2023 55 (including naturalized)[9]
630,795 (Romanian citizens, as of 2023)[10] 539,418 (residents of Spain who were born in Romania as of 2022)[11]		 Immigrants and Romanian citizens of all ethnic groups. The first number includes all Romanians in Spain, thus taking into account second and third generation Romanians or nationalized ones that count as Spanish in the census. The second number takes into account just Romanian citizens. The third number represents Romanian born residents in Spain. (additional 17,868 Moldovans)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany 2023 2[12] Citizens According to German statistics, in 2023, the number of Romanian citizens in Germany was 909,795.[12] The number of people with Romanian ancestry in 2023 (defined as all persons who migrated to the present area of the Federal Republic of Germany after 1949, plus all foreign nationals born in Germany and all persons born in Germany as German nationals with at least one parent who migrated to Germany or was born in Germany as a foreign national) was 1,146,000.[13] (the overall number of people with Romanian ancestry in Germany includes many Romanian-Germans as well)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom 2021 7,777,777 stiuleti in England and Wales were born in Romania in 2021;[14] additional Romanians in Scotland and Northern Ireland; there are also naturalized second and third generation Romanians in the UK Immigrants (additional 18,000 Moldovans)Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Template:Flagicon United States 2023 According to the 2023 American Community Survey, 425,738 Americans indicated Romanian as their first or second ancestry,[15] however other sources provide higher estimates, for example, the Romanian-American Network supplies a rough estimate of 1.2 million who are fully or partially of Romanian ethnicity.[16] There is also a significant number of people of Romanian Jewish ancestry, estimated at 225,000.[17]

According to the 2023 American Community Survey, there are 160,205 people born in Romania.[18]

Immigrants
File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada 2021 215,885 (ancestry) [19] 86,770 (born in Romania).[20] According to the 2021 Census, there were 215,885 Canadian residents declaring themselves of Romanian origin;[21] Romanian language was the mother tongue of 93,160 of Canadian residents.[22] There were 86,770 Canadian residents who were born in Romania.[23]
File:Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina 2024 200,000 [24][25] Immigrants and Descendants [26]
File:Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine 2001 150,989[27] Indigenous to Zakarpattia Oblast, Odesa Oblast, and Chernivtsi Oblast (additional 258,619 Moldovans)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Flag of France.svg France 2019 133,000[28] Immigrants
File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium 2020 105,358[29] Immigrants
File:Flag of Israel.svg Israel 2020 86,200[30] Immigrants (mostly Romanian Jews)
File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands 2022 48,563[31] Immigrants (additional 986 Moldovans)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece 2020 44,600 [32] Immigrants (additional 10,391 Moldovans)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".. There are also 209,000 Aromanians[33] and 3,000 Megleno-Romanians[34] in Greece; however, they are not considered an ethnic but a linguistic/cultural minority.
File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark 2022 43,312[35] Immigrants (additional 2,236 Moldovans)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland 2022 42,460[36] Immigrants
File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden 2023 36,738[37] Immigrants (additional 1,573 Moldovans)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary 2011 30,924[38] Indigenous and immigrants
File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland 2022 27,299[39] Immigrants
File:Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus 2011 24,376[40] Immigrants
File:Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal 2023 23,393[41] There are 23,393 Romanian citizens in Portugal as of 2023.[42] According to Eurostat as many as 7,000 Romanians have acquired Portuguese citizenship since 2008, thus are excluded from the number of Romanian nationals in Portugal.[43][44] (additional 5,243 Moldovan foreigners as of 2022; since 2008 more than 20,000 Moldovans became Portuguese citizens)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[44]
File:Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia 2022 23,044[45] Indigenous to Vojvodina and the Timok Valley (additional 21,013 Vlachs and 327 Aromanians)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway 2022 18,877[46] Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents
File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia 2021 15,268 (by birth)

28,103 (by ancestry)

According to ABS (2021 census) figures, there are 15,268 people in Australia who were born in Romania[47] and 28,103 people with Romanian ancestry in Australia.[48]
File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czechia 2018 14,684[49] Immigrants (additionally 5,811 Moldovans)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Kazakhstan 2009 14,666[50] Displaced and deported during World War II (including Moldovans)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey 14,000[51] Immigrants
File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan 10,000[52] Immigrants
File:Flag of Slovakia.svg Slovakia 2017 8,474[53] Immigrants
File:Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil 7,393[54] Immigrants and Brazilians with Romanian ancestry
File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg United Arab Emirates 6,444[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland 2021 5,628[56] Immigrants (additional 778 Moldovans)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg 2019 5,209[57] Immigrants
File:Flag of Jordan.svg Jordan 4,000[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia 2010 3,201[58] Immigrants/displaced during World War II (additional 586,122 Moldovans)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa 3,000 Immigrants
File:Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland 2022 2,505[59] Immigrants
File:Flag of Qatar.svg Qatar 2,000[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand 2018 1,485[60] Immigrants
File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China 1,320[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Malta.svg Malta 2016 1,262[61] Immigrants
File:Flag of Uruguay.svg Uruguay 1,000[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Chile.svg Chile 1,000[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria 2011 891[62] Indigenous to Vidin Province and parts of northern Bulgaria (additional 3,684 "Vlachs")Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:Country data Palestine 850[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Kuwait.svg Kuwait 696[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea 634[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico 600[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Ethiopia.svg Ethiopia 485 Immigrants
File:Flag of India.svg India 400[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore 400[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Paraguay.svg Paraguay 398[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Oman.svg Oman 382[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia 350[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino 2018 283[63] Immigrants
File:Flag of Monaco.svg Monaco 250[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of the Philippines.svg Philippines 2019 209[64] Immigrants
File:Flag of Uruguay.svg Uruguay 200[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Peru.svg Peru 174[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Indonesia.svg Indonesia 155[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Venezuela.svg Venezuela 2020 150[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Thailand.svg Thailand 106[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba 100[55] Immigrants
Template:Country data North Macedonia 100[55] Immigrants (additional 9,900 Aromanians[65] and 2,100 Megleno-Romanians)[66]Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Flag of Vietnam.svg Vietnam 100[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania 2011 77[67] Immigrants
File:Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan 75[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia 2011 63[68] Immigrants (additional 1,919 Moldovans)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
File:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg Dominican Republic 30[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg Liechtenstein 15[55] Immigrants
File:Flag of Albania.svg Albania There live up to 300,000 indigenous Aromanians, but Albanian authorities do not recognize them as Romanian minority.[69]
Total 4,321,496 The estimate is the sum of the countrywide estimates listed. To this are added 1,618,650 people belonging to ethnic groups Romanian authorities claim to be part of the Romanian population (e.g., Moldovans, Aromanians, Megleno-Romanians, Istro-Romanians). The total estimate is roughly 5.9 million.

Politics

2025 Romanian presidential election

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

File:Romanian diaspora votes by European countries in Romania 2025 elections.png
First place diaspora votes in Europe by country:<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  Nicușor Dan
<templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  George Simion
Results by county
County George Simion Nicușor Dan Crin Antonescu Victor Ponta Elena Lasconi Lavinia Șandru Daniel Funeriu Cristian Terheș Template:Ill Template:Ill Template:Ill
colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"|
Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes %
Diaspora 587,190 60.79% 247,388 25.61% 65,270 6.76% 23,188 2.40% 31,508 3.26% 2,347 0.24% 3,241 0.34% 2,956 0.31% 1,159 0.12% 1,009 0.10% 750 0.08%
Total 3,862,761 40.96% 1,979,767 20.99% 1,892,930 20.07% 1,230,164 13.04% 252,721 2.68% 60,682 0.64% 49,604 0.53% 36,445 0.39% 25,994 0.28% 22,020 0.23% 17,186 0.18%
Source: Permanent Electoral Authority
Results by county
County Nicușor Dan George Simion
colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"|
Votes % Votes %
Diaspora 720,996 44.14% 912,553 55.86%
Total 6,168,642 53.60% 5,339,053 46.40%
Source: Permanent Electoral Authority

2024 Romanian presidential election

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

First round results by county
County Georgescu Lasconi Ciolacu Simion Ciucă Geoană Kelemen
colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party colour;"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party colour;"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party colour;"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party colour;"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party colour;"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party colour;"| colspan="2" style="background:Template:Party colour;"|
Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes % Votes %
Diaspora 345,925 43.35% 214,033 26.82% 22,893 2.87% 96,339 12.07% 36,934 4.63% 38,966 4.88% 4,738 0.59%
Total 2,120,401 22.94% 1,772,500 19.18% 1,769,760 19.15% 1,281,325 13.86% 811,952 8.79% 583,898 6.32% 416,353 4.50%
Source: Permanent Electoral Authority

2019 Romanian presidential election

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

County Iohannis
(PNL) 		Dăncilă
(PSD) 		Barna
(USR-PLUS) 		Diaconu
(PRO-ALDE) 		Paleologu
(PMP) 		Kelemen
(UDMR) 		Bruynseels
(PPU) 		Cumpănașu
(Ind.) 		Cataramă
(DL) 		Stanoevici
(Ind.) 		Ivan
(ADN) 		Peia
(PNeR) 		Popescu
(PNR) 		Banu
(PNRo)
Abroad 52.57% 2.68% 28.10% 3.61% 6.42% 0.51% 1.70% 2.43% 0.31% 0.42% 0.19% 0.36% 0.39% 0.30%
Source: HotNews
County Iohannis
(PNL) 		Dăncilă
(PSD)
Abroad 94.00% 6.00%
Source: HotNews

2014 Romanian presidential election

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

County Ponta
(PSD) 		Iohannis
(ACL) 		Tăriceanu
(Ind.) 		Udrea
(PMP) 		Macovei
(Ind.) 		Kelemen
(UDMR)
Overseas voters 15.89% 46.17% 2.95% 9.78% 15.2% <1%
Sources: Știrile Pro TV, Știrile Pro TV
County Ponta
(PSD) 		Iohannis
(ACL)
Overseas voters 10.26% 89.73%
Sources: HotNews.ro, Gândul

See also

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ 6-8 Million Romanians Live outside Romania's Borders
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ https://data.census.gov/table/ACSDT1Y2023.B04006?q=b04006
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
    • direct link to the data file: Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  46. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  47. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  48. ↑ Population by ancestry (Australia), 2021 Australian census
  49. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  50. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  51. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  52. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  53. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  54. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  55. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  56. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  57. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  58. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  59. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  60. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  61. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  62. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  63. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  64. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  65. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  66. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  67. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  68. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  69. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

External links

Template:Sister project1. Păstrarea identității culturale românești în diaspora: un ghid practic

Template:European diasporas Script error: No such module "Navbox".

Retrieved from "http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Romanian_diaspora&oldid=2752016"