List of rocket launch sites

Template:Short description This article constitutes a list of rocket launch sites. Some of these sites are known as spaceports or cosmodromes. A single rocket launch is sufficient for inclusion in the table, as long as the site is properly documented through a reference. Missile locations with no launches are not included in the list. Proposed and planned sites and sites under construction are not included in the main tabulation, but may appear in condensed lists under the tables.

A shorter list of spaceports for human spaceflight and satellite launches is available in the article Spaceport.

Table specification

Sorting order

• Countries in alphabetical order within a table
• Launch sites within a country are sorted chronologically according to start of operations

Column specification

• Country – territory of the site (the organisation responsible for the launches may reside elsewhere, as indicated in the notes column;
• Location – Name of launch site (sometimes also province etc.)
• Coordinates – geographical coordinates
• Operational date – the period of years of launch activities
• Number of rocket launches – the total number of launches, including failed launches
• Heaviest rocket launched – total mass at lift-off
• Highest achieved altitude – height in km above launch site (unless orbital)
• Notes – comments

Major/active spaceports are shown in bold.

Africa

Country	Location	Coordinates	Operational date	Number of rocket launches	Heaviest rocket launched	Highest achieved altitude	Notes
French Algeria	Centre interarmées d'essais d'engins spéciaux (CIEES), Hammaguir		1947–1967	230	18,000 kg	Orbital	Operated by France.
Algeria	Reggane		1961–1965	10
Zaire	Shaba North, Kapani Tonneo OTRAG Launch Center		1975–1979	3		<50 km	German OTRAG rockets.
Egypt	Jabal Hamzah ballistic missile test and launch facility		1962–1973	6			Testing SRBMs Al Zafir and Al Kahir
Kenya	Broglio Space Centre (San Marco), Malindi		1964–1988	27	20,000 kg	Orbital	Scout rockets, operated by ASI and Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
Libya	Sabha, Tawiwa OTRAG Launch Center		1981–1987	2		50  km	German OTRAG rockets after site in Zaire closed.
Mauritania	Nouadhibou		1973–1973	1			During a solar eclipse
South Africa	Overberg South African Test Centre		1986–1993, 2000s–				Launched test mission rockets only.

Asia

Note that some Russian cosmodromes appear in this section, some in the Europe section.

Country	Location	Coordinates	Operational date	Heaviest rocket launched	Highest achieved altitude	Notes
China	Base 603, Shijiedu, Guangde		1960–1966	1,000 kg	<60  km
China	Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center		1970–	464,000 kg	Orbital	Human spaceflight
China	Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center		1980–	249,000 kg	Orbital	Polar satellites
China	Xichang Satellite Launch Center		1984–	459,000 kg	Lunar	Geo-synchronous satellites, lunar probes.
China	Wenchang Satellite Launch Center		2016–	879,000 kg	Interplanetary	New site on Hainan Island with pads for Long March 5 and Long March 7 rockets
China	Jingyu
India	Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (Thumba Equatorial), Thiruvananthapuram District, Kerala		1962–		Orbital	Primarily used as the launch site for Sounding rockets.
India	Satish Dhawan Space Centre (Sriharikota Range), Tirupati District, Andhra Pradesh		1971–	690,000 kg	Interplanetary	Polar and Geosynchronous Satellites; Lunar and Mars probes.
India	Abdul Kalam Island, Bhadrak District, Odisha		1980–		Sub-Orbital	Military integrated testing range for advanced guided missiles.
Indonesia	LAPAN Rocket Launcher Station, Pameungpeuk, Garut		1965–	765 kg	100 km
Iran	Qom Space Center		1991			Military testing
Iran	Shahroud Space Center		1998–		Orbital	Military tests and missile sounding for ISA Under the control of IRGCASF
Iran	Semnan spaceport		2009–		Orbital
Iraq	Al-Anbar Test Center		1989	48,000 kg		Out of function Al-Abid
Israel	Palmachim Air Force Base		1987–	70000 kg	Orbital
Japan	Akita Rocket Range		1956–1990		343 km
Japan	Uchinoura Space Center		1962–	139,000 kg	Interplanetary
Japan	Taiki Multi-Purpose Aerospace Park, Taiki, Hokkaido		2010–	1,000 kg	115 km	Suborbital and future orbital launch site for Interstellar Technologies and Template:Ill
Japan	Tanegashima Space Center, Tanegashima Island		1967–	445,000 kg	Interplanetary
Japan	Spaceport Kii, Kushimoto, Wakayama Prefecture		2024–		Orbital	Orbital launch site for Space One
Japan	Ryori		1970–2001			Sounding rocket launch site for the Japan Meteorological Agency
Japan	Template:Interlanguage link		1963–1965			Eighteen launches of small rockets
Japan	Obachi		1961–		105 km	balloon-launched Kappa sounding rockets
Soviet Union/Kazakhstan (Operated by Russia)	Baikonur Cosmodrome, Tyuratam		1955–	2,400,000 kg	Interplanetary	First satellite, first human in space. Operated by Russia.
Soviet Union/Kazakhstan (Partly operated by Russia)	Sary Shagan		1958–			Military testing ground for anti-missile weapons. Part of the testing ground is rented by Russian Ministry of Defense.
North Korea	Tonghae Satellite Launching Ground		1998–			Military rockets; satellite launch
North Korea	Sohae Satellite Launching Station		2012–			Military rockets; satellite launch
South Korea	Anheung Proving Ground		1993–
South Korea	Naro Space Center, Goheung		2008–	200,000 kg	Orbital	Attempted satellite launches
Maldives	Gan Island					Several rockets of the Kookaburra type were launched from a pad at 0°41' S and 73°9' E
Pakistan	Sonmiani Satellite Launch Center, Las Bela, Balochistan		1960s–			Sounding rockets & missile testing for SUPARCO
Soviet Union	Kheysa		1956–2008			Arctic sounding rocket launch site
Soviet Union/ Russia	Svobodny Cosmodrome, Amur Oblast		1957–2007	47,000 kg	Orbital	ICBM base converted for satellites
Soviet Union	Sovetskaya Gavan		1963–1964		402 km
Soviet Union/ Russia	Okhotsk		1981–2005		1000 km
Russia	Yasny Cosmodrome (formerly Dombarovsky), Orenburg Oblast		2006–	211,000 kg	Orbital	ICBM base converted for satellites
Russia	Vostochny Cosmodrome, Amur Oblast		2016–		Lunar	Facility on Russian territory to supplement Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan
Taiwan	Gangzi Station, Haiqian, Pingtung County		1988–	10,000 kg	300 km	Science and technology development
Taiwan	Nantian Launch Facility, Taitung County	,	2016–			Used by TiSPACE for testing and launching

Proposed or planned spaceports and rocket launch sites in Asia

• Biak Spaceport, Indonesia
• SSLV Launch Complex, Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu, India.
• Iran, Chabahar Space Center
• Template:Ill, Taiki, Hokkaido, Japan (expansion of the Taiki Multi-Purpose Aerospace Park, used by Interstellar Technologies and Template:Ill)

Europe

Note that some European countries operate spaceports in Africa, South America, or other equatorial regions. These spaceports are listed in this article according to their geographical location. Some Russian-controlled launch sites are listed as being in Asia. Note that some Russian cosmodromes appear in this section, some in the section Asia.

Country	Location	Coordinates	Operational date	Number of rocket launches	Heaviest rocket launched	Highest achieved altitude	Notes
Template:Country data People's Republic of Bulgaria	Ahtopol		1984–1990	28	475 kg	90 km
France	Ile du Levant		1948–1970s				Missile test site
Germany	Rocket Launch Site Berlin, Berlin-Tegel		1930–1933			4 km
Germany	Peenemünde/Greifswalder Oie		1942–1945	3000+	12,500 kg	175 km	V-2 rockets during World War II, first rocket to reach space 20 June 1944
West Germany	Cuxhaven	)	1945–1964			>110 km
West Germany	Hespenbusch, Großenkneten		1952–1957			<10 km
Germany	Zingst		1970–1992	67	130 kg	80 km
Greece	Koroni		1966–1989	371		114 km
Italy	Salto di Quirra		1964–
Norway	Andøya Space Center		1962–	1200+	800 kg		Rockets to the upper atmosphere.
Norway	Marka		1983–1984		16 kg
Norway	SvalRak		1997–
Nazi-occupied Poland	SS-Proving Ground Westpreußen today Poland (Tuchola Forest)		1944–1945				Nazi-German V-2 rockets
Germany	Leba in Pommern since 1945 part of Poland		1941–1945				Nazi-German rockets
Template:Country data Polish People's Republic	Łeba-Rąbka		1963–1973	36			Polish rockets
Nazi-occupied Poland	V-2 missile launch site, Blizna		1943–1944	139			Nazi-German V-2 rockets
Soviet Union/Russia	Kapustin Yar Cosmodrome, Astrakhan Oblast		1957–			Orbital	Previously for satellite launches
Soviet Union/Russia	Nyonoksa		1965–1997
Soviet Union/Russia	Plesetsk Cosmodrome		1966–	1000+	760,000 kg	Orbital
Spain	El Arenosillo		1966–	500+		720 km	Formerly used only by INTA, now used by Zero 2 Infinity and PLD Space
Sweden	Nausta		1961–1961	1	30 kg	<80 km	Plutnik rocket.
Sweden	Kronogård		1961–1964	18	700 kg	135 km	Arcas, Nike-Cajun and Nike-Apache rockets for atmospheric research.
Sweden	Esrange, Kiruna		1966–	450	12,400 kg	717 km	Operated by ESRO. Operated by SSC since 1972. Major programmes: Maxus, TEXUS, Maser, stratospheric balloons.
United Kingdom	South Uist		1959, 2015, 2022	2	1300~ kg		First test launch in 1959. First space launch from the UK took place here in October 2015 as part of 'At Sea Demonstration 15' of an American 'Terrier-Orion' sounding rocket.

Proposed or planned spaceports in Europe

• Spaceport Sweden, Kiruna
• Newquay, Cornwall, England, UK
• Sutherland spaceport, Scotland, UK Was formally approved by the Scotland Highland Council in August 2020
• Santa Maria, Azores, Portugal
• Andøya Spaceport, Norway
• El Hierro Launch Centre, Canary Islands, Spain
• Taranto-Grottaglie Airport, Italy

North America

Country	Location	Coordinates	Operational date	Number of rocket launches	Heaviest rocket launched	Highest achieved altitude	Notes
Canada	Churchill Rocket Research Range, Manitoba		1954–1998	3500+			Canadian Army
Canada	Resolute Bay, Nunavut		1966–1971	17			National Research Council Canada
Canada	Hall Beach, Nunavut		1971–1971	7		270 km
Canada	Southend, Saskatchewan		1980	2	1,200 kg
Canada	Maritime Spaceport, Canso, Nova Scotia		2019–	0			Launch site for Cyclone-4M and possibly for Ariane 62 or Vega C
Greenland (Denmark)	Pituffik Space Base		1964–1980				Former US Air Force launch site
United States	Clark University Physics Laboratory, Worcester, Massachusetts		1914–1920s	≈10			Robert H. Goddard's first experimental rockets, starting with powder-based fuels. Was also site of liquid rocket engine tests before being launched in nearby Auburn.Template:Rp
United States	Goddard Test Site, Auburn, Massachusetts		1925–1930	5			Open field chosen as rocket test site in 1925; launch site of Robert H. Goddard's first liquid fuel rockets beginning on 16 March 1926.Template:Rp
United States	Eden Valley Test Site, Roswell, New Mexico		1930–1941	>30			Used for Goddard's later rocket tests.
United States	Wallops Flight Facility, Delmarva Peninsula, Virginia		1945–	1600+			Now operated by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.
United States	White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico		1945–	7500+			Military and civilian flights. Served as alternate landing site for the Space Shuttle.
United States	Nevada Test and Training Range (formerly Nellis Air Force Range)		1946–1960s	2000+
United States	Poker Flat Research Range, Alaska		1949–	5000+			Sounding rocket launch site
United States	Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, Florida		1949–	1000+		Interstellar	Commercial and U.S. Government uncrewed missions. Adjacent to NASA KSC.
United States	Vandenberg Space Force Base, California		1958–	500+		Interplanetary	Satellites, ballistic missile tests. Government and commercial launches. Also launches SpaceX rockets.
United States	Kennedy Space Center, Florida		1962–	151	3,000,000 kg	Interplanetary	Launched each NASA crewed mission. Adjacent to Cape Canaveral Space Force Station.
United States	Pacific Missile Range Facility, Hawaii		1963–				Used for testing of antiballistic missile and missile tracking by the US Navy.
United States	Keweenaw, Michigan		1964–1971	50+	770 kg	<160 km	Sounding rocket launch site. Currently inactive.
United States	Pacific Spaceport Complex, Kodiak, Alaska		1991–	26	86,000 kg	Orbital	Ballistic missile interceptor tests, satellite launches. Alaska Aerospace Corporation.
United States	Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport (MARS), Delmarva Peninsula, Virginia		1995–	22	89,805 kg	Lunar	Operates in partnership with NASA, adjacent to Wallops Flight Facility. Designed for both commercial and government launches. In 2019, Rocket Lab built their first US launch facility here.
United States	Mojave Air and Space Port, California		2003–	20+		112 km	Adjacent to Edwards AFB. Privately funded, horizontal-launch spaceport. Xoie, Xombie, Xodiac (Masten Space Systems); SpaceShipOne, SpaceShipTwo (Scaled Composites, Virgin Galactic); Launcher One (Virgin Orbit).
United States	Spaceport America, Upham, New Mexico		2006–	50+			Sub-orbital commercial and planned space tourist launches. Operated by the state of New Mexico with Virgin Galactic as the anchor tenant. Adjacent to White Sands Missile Range.
United States	Corn Ranch, Van Horn, Texas		2006–	20		~105 km	Used by Blue Origin for suborbital launches and engine tests.
United States	Spaceport Camden, Camden County, Georgia		2016–2019	2		~10 km	Originally Thiokol rocket testing facility. Used by Vector Space for testing and launching. Project and site abandoned in 2023 due to local pushback and financial issues.
United States	SpaceX Starbase Spaceport, Boca Chica, Texas		2018–	~10	~5,000,000 kg	Orbital	Site originally planned for Falcon rockets, now used exclusively by SpaceX for Starship/SuperHeavy testing and launching.
United States	Maine Spaceport Complex, Washington County, Maine		2020–	1		~2 km	Launch site to be used for suborbital and polar low-Earth orbital launch on the east coast by companies BluShift Aerospace and VALT Enterprises and funded by Maine Space Grant Consortium.

Additional rocket launch sites in North America

Please delete items or move them to the table above with appropriate data and references.

• Barbados,
• Barter Island (United States, )
• Black Mesa (United States, )
• Cecil Airport, (United States, )
• Charlestown, Rhode Island (United States, )
• Cape Parry (Canada, )
• Cold Lake (Canada, )
• Datil (United States, )
• Eareckson (Aleut islands, United States, )
• Edwards Air Force Base (United States, )
• Eglin Air Force Base (United States, )
• Fort Bliss (United States, )
• Fort Greely (United States, )
• Fort Sherman (United States, )

• Fort Wingate (United States, )
• Fort Yukon (United States, )
• Gillam (Canada, )
• Gilson Butte (United States, )
• Grand Turk Island )
• Green River Launch Complex
• Holloman (United States, )
• Mercury (United States, )
• NAOTS (United States, )
• North Truro Air Force Station (United States, )
• Point Arguello (United States, )
• Point Barrow(United States, )
• Point Mugu (United States, )

• Primrose Lake (Canada, )
• Ramey (Puerto Rico, United States, )
• Red Lake (Canada, )
• San Clemente (California, United States, )
• San Nicolas Island (California, United States, )
• Sheboygan (Wisconsin, United States, |)
• Sierra de Juarez (Mexico, )
• Sondre Stromfjord (Greenland, )
• Tonopah Test Range (United States, )
• Yuma (United States, )

File:Vertical launch spaceports in the US.webp

Vertical launch spaceports in the US

Proposed or planned spaceports in North America

• Cape Breton Spaceport (aka Cape Breton Space Centre), Nova Scotia
• Cape Rich, LFCATC Meaford, Ontario
• Oklahoma Spaceport, Burns Flat,
• Silver Space Ports, Arizona
• Spaceport Washington, Moses Lake, Washington This project was proposed in 2005 by a small real estate brokerage firm operating from an office in Renton, Washington, and has since proven to have been a scam. The principal party - Mr. Andy Shin Fong Chen, CEO of ASPI Group, LLC - was charged with fraud by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on 15 March 2017. No licensing was ever issued by any local, state or Federal government agency, nor was any construction ever initiated.
• Roosevelt Roads Naval Station - at a former Naval station in Puerto Rico, the local redevelopment authority, in December 2024, issued a request for proposal for a vertical space launch site on 66.17 acres, at Roosevelt Roads Naval Station site.

South America

Country	Location	Coordinates	Operational date	Number of rocket launches	Heaviest rocket launched	Highest achieved altitude	Notes
Argentina	Pampa de Achala		1961–1962	8	28 kg	25 km	First Argentine launch site
Argentina	CELPA		1962–1991, 2010–	100 (approximately)	933 kg	550 km	Military Launch Test Site (CITIDEF)
Argentina	Las Palmas		1966–1966	2	3,400 kg	270 km	During a solar eclipse, with Titus rockets.
Argentina	Tartagal		1966–1966				During a solar eclipse
Argentina	Mar Chiquita		1968–1972	11
Argentina	Villa Reynolds		1973–1973	2
Argentina	Serrezuela		2009	1	500 kg	40 km	Military test (Gradicom I)
Argentina	Punta Indio		2011–	3	7,076 kg	2.2 km	Civilian Launch Test Site (CONAE)
Argentina	Puerto Belgrano		2014–				Launch pad for Tronador II under construction (CONAE)
Brazil	Natal-Barreira do Inferno		1965–	233	7,270 kg	1100 km
Brazil	Praia do Cassino		1966–1966	27
Brazil	Alcântara Launch Center, Maranhão		1990–	47	6,737 kg	956 km	Brazilian Air Force, Brazilian Space Agency. Planned satellite launches.
French Guiana	Guiana Space Centre, Kourou		1968–	<200	777,000 kg	Interplanetary	Operated by CNES for ESA; launch base for Arianespace. Commercial and governmental launches.
Peru	Chilca Launch Range		1974-1983	<65		590 km	Sounding rocket launch location.
Peru	Chilca PLOB, Punta Lobos Range		1983	32	2,000 kg	590 km	Sounding rocket launch location. Possibly part of, or identical to, Chilca Launch Range.
Dutch Suriname	Coronie		1965–1965	4		205 km

Oceania

Country	Location	Coordinates	Operational date	Number of rocket launches	Heaviest rocket launched	Highest achieved altitude	Notes
Australia	Woomera Test Range, SA		1950s–		28,000 kg	Orbital	Australian government research facility. Missile testing, 2 satellite launches.
Australia	Carnarvon, WA		1964–1965	12		120 km
Australia	Lancelin, WA		1974–1974	2			During a total solar eclipse
Australia	Koonibba Test Range, SA		2019–	4		85 km	Used by Southern Launch for suborbital launch tests
Australia	Whalers Way Orbital Launch Complex, SA		2020–				Used by Southern Launch for orbital polar launches
Australia	Arnhem Space Centre, NT		2021–	2		327 km	First NASA launches outside USA. Australia's first commercial launches
Marshall Islands	Reagan Test Site, Omelek Island, Kwajalein Atoll		1950s–		39,000 kg	Orbital	US-controlled ICBM base converted for satellites. SpaceX Falcon 1. Close to the equator.
New Zealand	Birdling's Flat		1980s–	10<			Used for sounding rockets. Formerly proposed launch site for Rocket Lab, never developed.
New Zealand	Great Mercury Island		2009	1	60  kg	120  km	Used for the first launch by Rocket Lab of their Atea 1 suborbital rocket.
New Zealand	Rocket Lab Launch Complex 1, Mahia Peninsula		2017–	42	13,000 kg	Lunar	Launch site built and operated by Rocket Lab. First commercial spaceport in the southern hemisphere.

Past and/or planned only

• Cape York Peninsula, Queensland.
  • Space Centre Australia secured land for main site facilities for space launch, located 43km east of Weipa, close to RAAF Scherger in 2023. Final approvals may come under Mokwiri Aboriginal Corporation. Previously a Cape York Space Agency was established by the government to develop a facility for Ukrainian Zenit launches at Weipa. However, traditional owners from Cape York Land Council blocked the proposal.
  • Space Centre Australia, secondary site, at Utingu, known as Punsand Bay in Bamaga, which comes under the council of the Torres Strait Island Region, and is said to be one of the closest facilities to equatorial launch access in the Asia Pacific region.
• Christmas Island, Australian external territory.
  • Site planned 1997 by the Asia Pacific Space Centre, but did not go ahead due to insufficient backing.
  • Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) conducted Phase I of a High Speed Flight Demonstration (HSFD) at Aeon Field on Christmas Island in 2002.

Launches at sea

Country	Location	Coordinates	Operational date	Number of rocket launches	Heaviest rocket launched	Highest achieved altitude	Notes
	Ocean Odyssey complex	Mobile	1999–	30	462,000 kg	Orbital	Mobile satellite launch platform operated by Sea Launch. Uses a converted oil platform that plies between Long Beach, California, where a Zenit-3SL rocket is collected, and the equator, where the rocket is launched.
Russia	Russian Delta class submarines	Mobile	1998–	2	30,000 kg	Orbital	Launch of uncrewed satellites into Earth orbit via converted SLBM missile Shtil from the Barents Sea.
Denmark	MLP Sputnik		2010–	4	1,630 kg	8.2 km	Mobile satellite launch platform operated by Copenhagen Suborbitals.

Additional rocket launch sites in the oceans and Antarctica

Please delete items or move them to the table above with appropriate data and references.

• Ascension Island (Atlantic island, )
• Barking Sands (Pacific island, )
• Base Matienzo (Antarctica, )
• Bigen Island (Marshall Islands )
• Bikini Atoll (Atoll in the Pacific, launches in conjunction with nuclear bomb tests, )
• Dumont d'Urville (Antarctica, )

• Eniwetok (Atoll in the Pacific, launches in conjunction with nuclear bomb tests, )
• Guam, )
• Johnston Atoll (Pacific island, )
• Kerguelen (South Pacific island, )
• Kindley Air Force Base (Bermuda islands, )
• McMurdo Station (Antarctica, )

• Molodyozhnaya (Antarctica), )
• Rarotonga (Cook Islands, )
• Rothera (Antarctica, )
• Siple (Antarctica, )
• Syowa Base (Antarctica, )
• Vicecomodoro Marambio Station (Antarctica, )
• Wake Island (Pacific island, )

See also

• Launch pad
• Spaceport, including lists of spaceports that have achieved satellite launches and launches of humans
• List of launch complexes

External links

• Overview of rocket launch sites worldwide – astronautix.com
• Kennedy Space Center, Cape Canaveral – nasa.gov
• Description and map of Cape Canaveral – astronautix.com
• Missile Range Tool – Carlos Labs
• Baikonur – russianspaceweb.com
• Description and map of Baikonur – astronautix.com
• Description and map of Kourou – astronautix.com
• Rocket launch site Kiruna – astronautix.com
• Homepage of Esrange – ssc.se
• Rocket launch site Salto di Quirra – astronautix.com