Roches, Switzerland
Roches (Script error: No such module "IPA".) is a municipality in the Jura bernois administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is located in the French-speaking Bernese Jura (Jura Bernois).
History
Roches is first mentioned in 1308 as Roschers.[1]
For most of its history the village was owned by provost of Moutier-Grandval under the Prince-Bishop of Basel. After the 1798 French invasion, Roches became part of the French Département of Mont-Terrible. Three years later, in 1800 it became part of the Département of Haut-Rhin. After Napoleon's defeat and the Congress of Vienna, Roches was assigned to the Canton of Bern in 1815.[1]
In 1791 a glass factory opened was built in the village. In 1817 Célestin Châtelain acquired the factory and operated it until its closure in 1840. Two years later, he opened the Verrerie de Moutier glass factory in nearby Moutier, which grew to become the most important window glass company in Switzerland. Even while the glass factory was in operation, the village remained generally agrarian. In 1876 the Basel-Moutier railroad opened a station in Roches and the village became a local industrial center. However, this industrial growth was short-lived and today only small firms operate in Roches.[1]
Geography
Roches has an area of Template:Swiss area.Template:Swiss area data As of 2012, a total of Script error: No such module "convert". or 23.4% is used for agricultural purposes, while Script error: No such module "convert". or 71.4% is forested. Of the rest of the land, Script error: No such module "convert". or 3.9% is settled (buildings or roads), Script error: No such module "convert". or 0.9% is either rivers or lakes and Script error: No such module "convert". or 0.3% is unproductive land.[2]
During the same year, housing and buildings made up 0.9% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.8%. Out of the forested land, 68.5% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.9% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 10.6% is pastures and 12.6% is used for alpine pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.[2]
The municipality is located along the Birs river in the Moutier Canyon.
On 31 December 2009 District de Moutier, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Arrondissement administratif Jura bernois.[3]
Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Per pale Gules and Argent a Monastery Counterchanged.[4]
Demographics
Roches has a population (since Template:Swiss populations YM[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) of Template:Swiss populations.Template:Swiss populations ref since 2010[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., 6.9% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2001-2011) the population has changed at a rate of -2.3%. Migration accounted for -2.3%, while births and deaths accounted for -1.4%.[5]
Most of the population (since 2000[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".) speaks French (184 or 81.8%) as their first language, German is the second most common (34 or 15.1%) and Italian is the third (3 or 1.3%).[6]
since 2008[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., the population was 49.8% male and 50.2% female. The population was made up of 99 Swiss men (45.6% of the population) and 9 (4.1%) non-Swiss men. There were 103 Swiss women (47.5%) and 6 (2.8%) non-Swiss women.[7] Of the population in the municipality, 78 or about 34.7% were born in Roches and lived there in 2000. There were 48 or 21.3% who were born in the same canton, while 67 or 29.8% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 22 or 9.8% were born outside of Switzerland.[6]
since 2011[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 15.6% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 65.1% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 19.3%.[5]
since 2000[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., there were 96 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 98 married individuals, 17 widows or widowers and 14 individuals who are divorced.[6]
since 2010[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., there were 20 households that consist of only one person and 9 households with five or more people.[8] In 2000[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., a total of 90 apartments (76.9% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 18 apartments (15.4%) were seasonally occupied and 9 apartments (7.7%) were empty.[9] In 2011, single family homes made up 47.5% of the total housing in the municipality.[10]
The historical population is given in the following chart:[1][11] <timeline> Colors=
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ImageSize = width: auto height:200 barincrement:45 PlotArea = top:20 left:35 bottom:20 right:35 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:330 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:70 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:14 start:0 PlotData=
color:yellowgreen width: 35 mark:(line,white) align:center bar:1629 from:start till:102 text:"102" bar:1850 from:start till:277 text:"277" bar:1860 from:start till:283 text:"283" bar:1870 from:start till:266 text:"266" bar:1880 from:start till:299 text:"299" bar:1888 from:start till:288 text:"288" bar:1900 from:start till:280 text:"280" bar:1910 from:start till:289 text:"289" bar:1920 from:start till:280 text:"280" bar:1930 from:start till:302 text:"302" bar:1941 from:start till:285 text:"285" bar:1950 from:start till:281 text:"281" bar:1960 from:start till:265 text:"265" bar:1970 from:start till:323 text:"323" bar:1980 from:start till:269 text:"269" bar:1990 from:start till:255 text:"255" bar:2000 from:start till:225 text:"225"
</timeline>
Politics
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the Swiss People's Party (SVP) which received 39.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the Social Democratic Party (SP) (15.4%), another local party (10.5%) and the Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP) (10.4%). In the federal election, a total of 68 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 39.3%.[12]
Economy
since 2011[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., Roches had an unemployment rate of 1.29%. since 2008[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., there were a total of 45 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 20 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 8 businesses involved in this sector. 14 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 4 businesses in this sector. 11 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 4 businesses in this sector.[5] There were 122 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 41.0% of the workforce.
In 2008[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". there were a total of 35 full-time equivalent jobs. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 13, of which 11 were in agriculture and 3 were in forestry or lumber production. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 13 of which 10 or (76.9%) were in manufacturing and 1 was in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 9, of which 8 were in a hotel or restaurant.[13]
In 2000[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., there were 39 workers who commuted into the municipality and 86 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 2.2 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. A total of 36 workers (50.7% of the 71 total workers in the municipality) both lived and worked in Roches. About 10.3% of the workforce coming into Roches are coming from outside Switzerland.[14] Of the working population, 8.2% used public transportation to get to work, and 69.7% used a private car.[5]
In 2011 the average local and cantonal tax rate on a married resident, with two children, of Roches making 150,000 CHF was 13.2%, while an unmarried resident's rate was 19.4%.[15] For comparison, the rate for the entire canton in the same year, was 14.2% and 22.0%, while the nationwide rate was 12.3% and 21.1% respectively.[16] In 2009 there were a total of 103 tax payers in the municipality. Of that total, 24 made over 75,000 CHF per year. There were 2 people who made between 15,000 and 20,000 per year. The greatest number of workers, 28, made between 50,000 and 75,000 CHF per year. The average income of the over 75,000 CHF group in Roches was 99,979 CHF, while the average across all of Switzerland was 130,478 CHF.[17] In 2011 a total of 3.7% of the population received direct financial assistance from the government.[18]
Religion
From the 2000 census[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., 95 or 42.2% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church, while 71 or 31.6% were Roman Catholic. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 individual who belongs to the Christian Catholic Church, and there were 23 individuals (or about 10.22% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. 12 (or about 5.33% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 23 individuals (or about 10.22% of the population) did not answer the question.[6]
Education
Template:Sister project In Roches about 39.2% of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 13.6% have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).[5] Of the 18 who had completed some form of tertiary schooling listed in the census, 55.6% were Swiss men, 22.2% were Swiss women.[6]
The Canton of Bern school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an apprenticeship.[19]
During the 2011-12 school year, there were a total of 11 students attending classes in Roches. There were no kindergarten classes in the municipality. The municipality had one primary class and 11 students.[20]
since 2000[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., there were a total of 16 students attending any school in the municipality. All 16 both lived and attended school in the municipality, while 25 students from Roches attended schools outside the municipality.[14]
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ a b c d Template:HDS
- ↑ a b Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics 2009 data Template:In lang accessed 25 March 2010
- ↑ Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 4 April 2011
- ↑ Flags of the World.com accessed 17-July-2013
- ↑ a b c d e Swiss Federal Statistical Office accessed 17 July 2013
- ↑ a b c d e STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000 Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 2 February 2011
- ↑ Statistical office of the Canton of Bern Template:In lang accessed 4 January 2012
- ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Haushaltsgrösse Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 8 May 2013
- ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 28 January 2011
- ↑ Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Anteil Einfamilienhäuser am gesamten Gebäudebestand, 2011 accessed 17 June 2013
- ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000 Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 29 January 2011
- ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office 2011 Election Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 8 May 2012
- ↑ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Betriebszählung: Arbeitsstätten nach Gemeinde und NOGA 2008 (Abschnitte), Sektoren 1-3 Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 28 January 2011
- ↑ a b Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 24 June 2010
- ↑ Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Steuerbelastung, 2011 Politische Gemeinden Template:In lang accessed 15 May 2013
- ↑ Swiss Federal Tax Administration - Grafische Darstellung der Steuerbelastung 2011 in den Kantonen Template:In lang accessed 17 June 2013
- ↑ Federal Tax Administration Report Direkte Bundessteuer - Natürliche Personen - Gemeinden - Steuerjahr 2009 Template:Webarchive Template:In lang accessed 15 May 2013
- ↑ Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Bezüger/-innen von Sozialhilfeleistungen (Sozialhilfeempfänger/-innen), 2011 accessed 18 June 2013
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Schuljahr 2011/12 pdf documentTemplate:In lang accessed 9 May 2013
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Template:Municipalities of the administrative district of Jura bernois Template:Authority control