Rhododendron subg. Hymenanthes
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Rhododendron subg. Hymenanthes is a subgenus of the genus Rhododendron, with a widespread distribution in the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The species are evergreen shrubs and small to medium-sized trees (up to 20 m tall), with medium-sized to large leaves (very large, over 40 cm long, in a few species). The flowers are large, produced in terminal trusses of 5-40 together.[1]
The subgenus includes two sections, Rhododendron sect. Ponticum, divided into 24 subsections and about 140 species, and (since 2005) Rhododendron sect. Pentanthera[2]
Cultivation
This subgenus includes the majority of the larger evergreen rhododendrons widely grown as ornamental plants. Some species, notably Rhododendron ponticum, have escaped from cultivation and become invasive in some regions such as New Zealand.
Ponticum
Section Ponticum (24 subsections) includes:
- R. subsect. Arborea (4 species)
- R. subsect. Argyrophylla (6 species)
- R. subsect. Auriculata (one species, R. auriculatum)
- R. subsect. Barbata (2 species)
- R. subsect. Campanulata (2 species)
- R. subsect. Campylocarpa (4 species)
- R. subsect. Falconera (7 species)
- R. subsect. Fortunea (10 species)
- R. subsect. Fulgensia (2 species)
- R. subsect. Fulva (2 species)
- R. subsect. Glischra (5 species)
- R. subsect. Grandia (9 species)
- R. subsect. Griersoniana (one species, R. griersonianum)
- R. subsect. Irrorata (7 species)
- R. subsect. Lanata (one species, R. lanatum)
- R. subsect. Maculifera (6 species)
- R. subsect. Neriiflora (19 species)
- R. subsect. Parishia (3 species)
- R. subsect. Pontica (13 species)
- R. subsect. Selensia (5 species)
- R. subsect. Taliensia (20 species)
- R. subsect. Thomsonia (7 species)
- R. subsect. Venatora (one species, R. venator)
- R. subsect. Williamsiana (one species, R. williamsianum)
Arborea
Rhododendron subsect. Arborea is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 4 species of trees native to East Asia.[3][4]
| Image | Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|
| File:Rhododendron arboreum (8590545223).jpg | Rhododendron arboreum Template:Au | China (Guizhou, S Xizang), Bhutan, India, Kashmir, Nepal, Sikkim, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam |
| File:馬纓杜鵑 Rhododendron delavayi -昆明金殿植物園 Kunming YuanLin Botanic Gardens, China- (25314659357).jpg | Rhododendron delavayi Template:Au | China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan), Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam |
| Rhododendron lanigerum Template:Au | China (Xizang), India | |
| File:Rhododendron niveum, Shingba RS AJT J.jpg | Rhododendron niveum Template:Au | China (Xizang), Bhutan, India (Sikkim) |
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Campanulata
Rhododendron subsect. Campanulata is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 2 species of shrubs native to East Asia.[5]
| Image | Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|
| File:Rhododendron campanulatum kz01.jpg | Rhododendron campanulatum Template:Au | China (Xizang), Bhutan, India (Kashmir, Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh), Nepal |
| Rhododendron gannanense Template:Au | China (Gansu) |
Fortunea
Rhododendron subsect. Fortunea is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 37 species of shrubs or trees native to East Asia.[6][7]
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Fulva
Rhododendron subsect. Fulva is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes comprising 2 species of shrubs native to East Asia.[8]
| Image | Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|
| File:Rhododendron fulvum.jpg | Rhododendron fulvum Template:Au | China (Sichuan, Xizang, W Yunnan), Myanmar |
| File:Rhododendron uvarifolium - University of Copenhagen Botanical Garden - DSC07559.JPG | Rhododendron uvariifolium Template:Au | China (Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan) |
Grandia
Rhododendron subsect. Grandia is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes that comprises 15 species of trees with large leaf blades covered with trichomes native to East Asia.[9][10]
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Pontica
Rhododendron subsect. Pontica is a subsection of section Ponticum in Hymenanthes consisting of 13 species of shrubs to small trees native to North America, Europe, and East Asia.[11]
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Pentanthera
Rhododendron sect. Pentanthera is a section of subgenus Hymenanthes in the genus Rhododendron. It comprises 15-16 species of deciduous shrubs native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
It includes two subsections:
- Pentathera
- Sinensia
Pentanthera
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| Image | Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|
| File:Rhododendron alabamense (Alabama Azalea) (27254491580).jpg | Rhododendron alabamense Alfred Rehder, 1921Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Alabama azalea) | United States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee) |
| File:Rhododendron arborescens - Sweet Azalea.jpg | Rhododendron arborescens John Torrey, 1824Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | United States (West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, North Carolina, Georgia and Alabama.) |
| File:WWW FL (7145691667).jpg | Rhododendron atlanticum Alfred Rehder, 1921Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | United States (New Jersey south to Georgia.) |
| File:Rhododendron austrinum 16zz.jpg | Rhododendron austrinum (Small) Rehder 1917Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | United States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and Mississippi) |
| File:Rhododendron calendulaceum HRM.jpg | Rhododendron calendulaceum John Torrey, 1824Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | United States (southern Pennsylvania and Ohio to northern Georgia.) |
| File:Rhododendron canadense 15-p.bot-rhodo.cana-21.jpg | Rhododendron canadense (L.) Torr.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Canada in Newfoundland and extends into eastern Ontario and the United States from New York, New Jersey, and at high altitudes in the Appalachian Mountains further south to Pennsylvania. |
| File:Rhododendron canescens Arkansas.jpg | Rhododendron canescens (Michx.) Sweet 1889Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | United States(Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia ) |
| File:Rhododendron colemanii.jpg | Rhododendron colemanii Ronald F. Miller, 2008Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | United States(Alabama and western Georgia) |
| File:Rhododendron cumberlandense.jpg | Rhododendron cumberlandense Emma Lucy Braun, 1941Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | United States (Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama, and North Carolina.) |
| File:R. eastmanii.jpg | Rhododendron eastmanii Kathleen Anne Kron, 1999Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | United States (South Carolina) |
| File:Rhododendron flammeum 0zz.jpg | Rhododendron flammeum (Michx.) Sarg. 1917Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | United States(Georgia and South Carolina) |
| File:Rhododendron luteum (flower).jpg | Rhododendron luteum Sweet 1911Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (yellow azalea, honeysuckle azalea) | southern Russia; and in Asia |
| File:Rhododendron occidentale Strybing.jpg | Rhododendron occidentale Torr. & A.Gray 1876Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | United States(Oregon, California) |
| File:Pinkster Flower - Rhododendron periclymenoides, Occoquan Regional Park, Lorton, Virginia.jpg | Rhododendron periclymenoides (Michx.) Shinners 1962Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (pink azalea, pinxterbloom azalea, pinxter flower) | United States(southern New York south to Georgia) |
| File:Rhododendron prinophyllum (Roseshell Azalea) (27254491900).jpg | Rhododendron prinophyllum (Small) Millais 1917 Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (rose azalea, roseshell azalea) | Eastern United States |
| File:R. prunifolium.jpg | Rhododendron prunifolium (Small) Millais 1917Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | United States( Georgia, Alabama ) |
| File:Rhododendron viscosum (7715674922).jpg | Rhododendron viscosum (L.) Torr. 1824Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Swamp azalea) | Eastern United States |
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Sinensia
Species include:
| Image | Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|
| File:Chinese Azalea - Flickr - treegrow.jpg | Rhododendron molle Template:Au | S. China |
| File:Rhododendron japonicum 0zz.jpg | Rhododendron japonicum[12] Template:Au | Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, N. Kyushu). |
The section is closely related to sect. Rhodora, differing from it in the flower corolla having five fully developed lobes, whereas sect. Rhodora has the upper three lobes joined into a single three-lipped lobe.
Cultivation
Most (but not all) of the cultivated azaleas belong to species in this section, and hybrids derived from them.
References
Bibliography
- Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan.
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- Germplasm Resources Information Network: Rhododendron sect. Pentanthera
External links
Template:Rhododendron Template:Taxonbar
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- ↑ https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60454333-2