Reading (UK Parliament constituency)

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Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox UK constituency main Reading was a parliamentary borough, and later a borough constituency in England, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of England until 1707, the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1950 and 1955 to 1974. Until 1885, the constituency comprised the town of Reading in the county of Berkshire; after 1885, it was centred on the town but the exact boundaries differed.

From 1295, as a parliamentary borough, Reading elected two members of parliament (MPs). Under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, this representation was reduced to a single MP.

History

Reading was one of the boroughs summoned to send members to the Model Parliament. The boundaries (encompassing the whole of one parish and parts of two others) were effectively unchanged from 1295 to 1918. In 1831, the population of the borough was 15,935, and contained 3,307 houses.

The right to vote was exercised by all inhabitants paying scot and lot, a relatively wide franchise for the period, and almost 2,000 votes were cast at the general election of 1826. Despite this high electorate, the corporation of the town was generally considered in practice to control elections to a large extent. In the second half of the 18th century, Reading was notoriously one of the most corrupt constituencies in England, bribery being both routine and expensive: Namier quotes the accounts kept for Prime Minister Newcastle of the 1754 election, which note that John Dodd, the government's candidate there, had already received £1000 and was promised £500 or £600 more to help him win the seat.[1] (Dodd lost by one vote, but had the result overturned on petition by a partisan vote in the House of Commons, and Newcastle's accounts show a continuing trickle of funds to him to nurse the constituency over the next few years.) A few years later, the nomination to one of Reading's seats was advertised for sale in a London newspaper, though Reading was not mentioned by name and no price was specified; the newspaper's printers were charged by the Commons with a breach of privilege, but the sale of seats remained legal if frowned-upon until 1809.

The Great Reform Act left Reading's representation and boundaries unchanged, and the reformed franchise far from increasing its electorate seems to have reduced it: it was estimated that there were 1,250 voters in 1831, but only 1,001 were registered for the first post-Reform election, that of 1832.

Template:Magnify iconContext of 1923. Larger as town had grown, one of Labour's 191 of 615 seats: a supply and confidence government lasted for 10 months with Liberal support. 1929 was similar but better for Labour.
Template:Magnify iconContext of 1906. The Liberal Landslide victory.

The Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, coming into effect at the 1885 general election, reduced the representation of the parliamentary borough to a single MP. The single-member Reading constituency continued to exist until it was split in 1950 into the separate constituencies of Reading North and Reading South. These two constituencies were merged back into a single Reading constituency in 1955, but again split apart in 1974; despite its name, the 1955 constituency did not contain the whole of the County Borough of Reading, with one ward being included in both of the Newbury and Wokingham seats.

After 1885, the constituency was marginal, regularly changing hands between the Conservative Party and the Liberal Party up to 1918, then between the Conservatives and Labour.

Today the area formerly covered by the Reading constituency is within the constituencies of Reading East and Reading West, which will be replaced by the constituencies of Reading Central, Reading West and Mid Berkshire, and Earley and Woodley at the 2024 general election.

Boundaries and boundary changes

1885–1918

  • The existing Parliamentary borough; and
  • The area between the boundary of the Parliamentary borough and a boundary line drawn from the point at which the Reading and Reigate Railway crossed the boundary of the Parliamentary borough at the River Kennet, eastward along the Railway until it crossed Culver Lane, then westward along the centre of Culver Lane as far as the centre of Wokingham Road, then southward along the centre of Wokingham Road as far as the centre of Crescent Road, then westward along the centre of Crescent Road as far as the centre of Eastern Avenue, then southward along the centre of Eastern Avenue as far as the centre of Upper Redlands Road, then westward along the centre of Upper Redlands Road as far as the centre of Alexandra Road, then south and west along the centre of Junction Road to the centre of Christchurch Road, then along the centre of Christchurch Road until the line reached the boundary of the existing Parliamentary borough.[2]

Minor expansion - see map on Vision of Britain website.[3]

1918–1950

  • The County Borough of Reading.[4]

Boundaries extended to the south and west (gained from the Newbury and Wokingham Divisions), and to the north of the River Thames with the annexation of the Urban District of Caversham (part of the Henley Division of Oxfordshire) by Reading County Borough.

For the 1950 general election, Reading was abolished as a single-member Parliamentary borough and split between the two new borough constituencies of Reading North and Reading South.

1955–1974

For the 1955 general election, Reading was re-established, replacing Reading North and Reading South and comprising:

  • The County Borough of Reading wards of Abbey, Battle, Castle, Caversham East, Caversham West, Church, Katesgrove, Minster, Redlands, Victoria, West.[4]

The East and Tilehurst wards were included in the Wokingham and Newbury constituencies respectively.

From the 1964 general election, a revision to the County Borough wards resulted in minor changes. The constituency now comprised:

  • The County Borough of Reading wards of Abbey, Battle, Castle, Caversham, Christchurch, Katesgrove, Minster, Redlands, Thames, and Whitley.[4]

The constituency was abolished once again for the 1974 general election. The Christchurch, Redlands and Whitley wards were included in the re-established constituency of Reading South, with remaining wards being included in Reading North.

Members of Parliament

1295–1660

  • Constituency created 1295

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Parliament First member Second member
1369 William Catour[5]
1371 William Catour[5]
1378 David atte Hacche[6]
1385 John Doublet[7]
1386 William Stapper Robert atte Lee[8]
1388 (Feb) David atte Hacche Richard Bedull[8]
1388 (Sep) John Balet Nicholas Vachell[8]
1390 (Jan) John Kent Robert Capellade[8]
1390 (Nov)
1391 Henry Barbour John Doublet[8]
1393 William Catour David atte Hacche[8]
1394 William Saville William Tho...[8]
1395 William Shortwade John Ede[8]
1397 (Jan) John White Richard Pernecote[8]
1397 (Sep) Thomas Selham Robert Godewyn[8]
1399 Roger Hay John Hunt[8]
1401
1402
1404 (Jan) John Kent William Derby[8]
1404 (Oct)
1406 John Hunt Philip Richard[8]
1407 John Merehan William Kenelme[8]
1410 John White Alexander Colshull[8]
1411
1413 (Feb)
1413 (May) William Wilton Richard Farle[8]
1414 (Apr) John Hastyng John Clerk[8]
1414 (Nov) Stephen Stapper John Pernecote[8]
1415
1416 (Mar) Walter Mustard Thomas Lavyngton 1[8]
1416 (Oct)
1417 Alexander Colshull Thomas Lavyngton[8]
1419 Robert Morys Richard Cross[8]
1420 Thomas Lavyngton John Veyr[8]
1421 (May) Thomas Lavyngton Simon Porter alias Kent[8]
1421 (Dec) John Hunt William Kyng[8]
1422 Simon Porter alias Kent[9]
1425 Simon Porter alias Kent[9]
1432 Simon Porter alias Kent[9]
1433 Simon Porter alias Kent[9]
1435 Simon Porter alias Kent[9]
1437 Simon Porter alias Kent[9]
1447 Simon Porter alias Kent[9]
1449 (Feb) Simon Porter alias Kent[9]
1449 (Nov) Simon Porter alias Kent[9]
1510 Richard Cleche William Justice[10]
1512 William Gifford Richard Smith[10]
1515 Edmund Knightley John Pownsar[10]
1523 Nicholas Hyde William Edmonds[10]
1529 Thomas Vachell I John Raymond[10]
1536 Thomas Vachell I John Raymond[10]
1539 ?Thomas Vachell I ?John Raymond[10]
1542 Thomas Vachell I Richard Justice[10]
1545 Thomas Vachell I Roger Amyce[10]
1547 William Grey, died May 1551
repl. 1552 by Sir John Mason		 John Marshe[10]
1553 (Mar) John Bourne John Winchcombe[10]
1553 (Oct) Thomas Vachell I John Bell[10]
1554 (Apr) Robert Bowyer III John Lovelace[10]
1554 (Nov) John Bourne Edmund Plowden[10]
1555 Thomas Vachell II John Bell[10]
1558 Thomas Aldworth John Bell[10]
1558–9 Thomas Aldworth Thomas Turner[11]
1562–3 Henry Knollys Robert Rowbotham[11]
1571 Henry Knollys John Hastings[11]
1572 Robert Knollys Francis Alford[11]
1584 Robert Knollys Robert Harris[11]
1586 Robert Knollys Robert Harris[11]
1588 Robert Knollys, sat for Breconshire,
repl. Feb 1589 by Thomas Egerton		 Robert Harris[11]
1593 Humphrey Donatt Charles Wednester[11]
1597 Sir Humphrey Forster Francis Moore[11]
1601 Francis Moore Anthony Blagrave[11]
1604 Francis Moore Jerome Bowes
1614 Francis Moore Robert Knollys
1621–1622 Anthony Barker John Saunders
1624 Francis Knollys III John Saunders
1625 Francis Knollys III John Saunders
1626 Francis Knollys III John Saunders
1628 Francis Knollys III John Saunders
1629–1640 No Parliaments summoned

1640–1885

Year First member First party Second member Second party
April 1640 Francis Knollys III Adm. Francis Knollys[12]
November 1640 Francis Knollys III (died 1643) Adm. Francis Knollys (died 1648)
1645 Daniel Blagrave
1648 Tanfield Vachell
1653 Not represented in Barebones Parliament
1654 Robert Hammond
1656 Daniel Blagrave
1659 Henry Neville Daniel Blagrave
1660 Thomas Rich John Blagrave
1661 Sir Thomas Dolman Richard Aldworth
1679 Nathan Knight John Blagrave
March 1685 Thomas Coates John Breedon
November 1685 William Aldworth
1689 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Sir Henry Fane Whig Sir William Rich
1698 Sir Owen Buckingham John Dalby
January 1701 Francis Knollys
November 1701 Anthony Blagrave Tanfield Vachell
1702 Sir Owen Buckingham
1705 Sir William Rich
1708 Owen Buckingham Anthony Blagrave
1710 John Dalby
1713 Robert Clarges Felix Calvert
1716 Charles Cadogan Owen Buckingham
1720 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color"| Richard Thompson Whig
1722 Anthony Blagrave Clement Kent
1727 Richard Potenger style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Richard Thompson Whig
1734 rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Henry Grey Whig
1739 John Blagrave
1740 William Strode
February 1741 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color"| John Dodd Whig
May 1741 William Strode
1747 John Conyers Richard Neville Aldworth Neville
1754 William Strode rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Charles Fane Opposition Whig
1755 rowspan="4" style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | John Dodd Whig
1761 Sir Francis Knollys
1768 Henry Vansittart
1774 rowspan="4" style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Francis Annesley Tory[13]
1782 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Richard Aldworth-Neville Whig[13]
1797 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | John Simeon Tory[13]
1802 rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Charles Shaw-Lefevre Whig[13]
1806 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | John Simeon Tory[13]
1818 rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Charles Fyshe Palmer Whig[13][14][15]
1820 rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | John Monck Whig[13]
1826 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | George Spence Tory[13]
1827 rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Charles Fyshe Palmer Whig[13][14][15]
1830 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Charles Russell Tory[13]
1834 rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Conservative[13]
1835 rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Thomas Talfourd Radical[16][17][18]
1837 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Charles Fyshe Palmer Whig[13][14][15]
1841 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Charles Russell Conservative[13] style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Henry Cadogan Conservative[13]
1847 rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Francis Pigott Whig[19] style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Thomas Talfourd Radical[16][17][18]
1849 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | John Frederick Stanford Conservative
1852 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Sir Henry Singer Keating Whig[19]
1859 rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Liberal style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Liberal
January 1860 rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Sir Francis Goldsmid Liberal
November 1860 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Gillery Pigott Liberal
1863 rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | George Shaw-Lefevre Liberal
1878 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | George Palmer Liberal
1885 Representation reduced to one member

1885–1950

Election Member Party
1885 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Charles Townshend Murdoch Conservative
1892 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | George William Palmer Liberal
1895 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Charles Townshend Murdoch Conservative
1898 by-election style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | George William Palmer Liberal
1904 by-election style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Rufus Isaacs Liberal
1913 by-election style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Leslie Orme Wilson Conservative
1922 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Edward Cadogan Conservative
1923 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Somerville Hastings Labour
1924 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Herbert Williams Conservative
1929 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Somerville Hastings Labour
1931 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Alfred Howitt Conservative
1945 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Ian Mikardo Labour
1950 Constituency divided into Reading North and Reading South

1955–1974

Election Member Party
1955 Constituency recreated
1955 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Ian Mikardo Labour
1959 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Peter Emery Conservative
1966 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | John Lee Labour
1970 style="color:inherit;background-color: Template:Party color" | Gerard Vaughan Conservative
Feb 1974 Constituency redivided into Reading North and Reading South

Elections

Elections in the 1830s

Template:Election box winning candidate with party linkTemplate:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1830: Reading (2 seats)[13][20]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Stephen Lushington 452 31.3
Turnout 907 c. Template:TrimScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 51 3.5 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing
Majority 19 1.3 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box winning candidate unopposed with party linkTemplate:Election box winning candidate unopposed with party linkTemplate:Election box registered electors no change
General election 1831: Reading (2 seats)[13][20]
Party Candidate Votes %
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Template:Election box winning candidate unopposed with party linkTemplate:Election box winning candidate unopposed with party linkTemplate:Election box registered electors no change
General election 1832: Reading (2 seats)[13][21]
Party Candidate Votes %
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Template:Election box registered electors no changeTemplate:Election box majority no changeTemplate:Election box majority no change
General election 1835: Reading (2 seats)[13][21]
Party Candidate Votes %
Script error: No such module "Political party". Thomas Talfourd Script error: No such module "string". 43.8
Script error: No such module "Political party". Charles Russell Script error: No such module "string". 30.0
Script error: No such module "Political party". Benjamin Oliveira Script error: No such module "string". 26.2
Turnout 960 95.8
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party".
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Template:Election box winning candidate with party linkTemplate:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1837: Reading (2 seats)[13][21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Charles Russell 448 32.6 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 875 84.5 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 11 0.8 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing −5.5
Majority 9 0.7 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +2.9

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Elections in the 1840s

Template:Election box winning candidate with party linkTemplate:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1841: Reading (2 seats)[21][13]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Thomas Mills 410 21.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". William Tooke 397 20.5 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 154 8.0 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 984 82.4 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +4.5
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +4.3

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box winning candidate with party linkTemplate:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1847: Reading (2 seats)[21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Charles Russell 521 24.7 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Henry Cadogan 376 17.8 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 1,054 (est) 84.2 (est) Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 238 11.3 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +8.0
Majority 75 3.6 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +7.9

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Talfourd resigned after being appointed a judge of the Court of Common Pleas, causing a by-election.

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By-election, 8 August 1849: Reading[21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". George Bowyer[22] 364 37.2 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Thomas Norton[23][24] 107 10.9 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 143 14.6 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 978 74.7 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +13.4

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Elections in the 1850s

Template:Election box winning candidate with party linkTemplate:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1852: Reading (2 seats)[21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Samuel Auchmuty Dickson[25] 518 27.2 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 113 6.0 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 951 (est) 68.0 (est) Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing +9.1
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +6.3

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box winning candidate unopposed with party linkTemplate:Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link
General election 1857: Reading (2 seats)[21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold
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Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Keating was appointed Solicitor General for England and Wales, requiring a by-election.

Template:Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link
By-election, 2 June 1857: Reading[21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box majority no changeTemplate:Election box registered electors no change
General election 1859: Reading (2 seats)[21]
Party Candidate Votes %
Script error: No such module "Political party". Francis Pigott Script error: No such module "string". 38.6
Script error: No such module "Political party". Henry Singer Keating Script error: No such module "string". 33.8
Script error: No such module "Political party". Ralph Augustus Benson Script error: No such module "string". 27.6
Turnout 986 (est) 67.9 (est)
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Keating was appointed Solicitor General for England and Wales, requiring a by-election.

Template:Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link
By-election, 27 June 1859: Reading[21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Elections in the 1860s

Keating resigned after being appointed a Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, causing a by-election.

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
By-election, 11 January 1860: Reading[21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Ralph Augustus Benson[26] 551 45.5 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 110 9.0 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 1,212 80.5 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing −17.9

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Pigott resigned after being appointed Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man, causing a by-election.

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
By-election, 21 November 1860: Reading[21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Edward Walter[27] 435 42.6 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 151 14.8 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 1,021 67.8 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing −15.0

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Pigott resigned after being appointed a Judge of the Court of the Exchequer, causing a by-election.

Template:Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link
By-election, 17 October 1863: Reading[21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box winning candidate with party linkTemplate:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1865: Reading (2 seats)[21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Stephen Tucker[28] 444 23.6 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 270 14.3 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 1,165 (est) 65.8 (est) Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing +2.0
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing +2.1

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Shaw-Lefevre was appointed a Civil Lord of the Admiralty, requiring a by-election.

Template:Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link
By-election, 5 May 1866: Reading[21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box winning candidate with party linkTemplate:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1868: Reading (2 seats)[21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Robert Carden 979 23.2 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 639 15.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 2,603 (est) 80.6 (est) Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing +0.1
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing +0.3

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Elections in the 1870s

Template:Election box winning candidate with party linkTemplate:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1874: Reading (2 seats)[21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Richard Attenborough[29] 1,652 24.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". William Dalziel Mackenzie[30] 1,631 23.7 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 139 2.0 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 3,434 (est) 83.4 (est) Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing −12.3
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing −12.4

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Goldsmid's death caused a by-election.

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
By-election, 18 May 1878: Reading (1 seat)[21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Richard Attenborough 1,565 41.3 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 658 17.4 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 3,788 80.2 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing +6.5

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Elections in the 1880s

Template:Election box winning candidate with party linkTemplate:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1880: Reading (2 seats)[21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Albert George Sandeman[31] 2,067 30.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 219 3.2 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 4,580 (est) 89.7 (est) Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing +9.7
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing +8.1

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Lefevre was appointed First Commissioner of Works and Public Buildings, requiring a by-election.

Template:Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link
By-election, 15 Dec 1880: Reading (1 seat)[21]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1885: Reading[32]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". George Shaw-Lefevre 3,389 49.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 129 1.8 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 6,907 91.9 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +20.8

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1886: Reading[32]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". William Berkeley Monck[33] 3,262 49.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 116 1.8 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 6,640 88.4 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing 0.0

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Elections in the 1890s

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1892: Reading[32]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Charles Townshend Murdoch 3,700 48.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 290 3.8 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 7,690 91.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +2.8

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1895: Reading[32]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". George Palmer 3,927 47.9 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 351 4.2 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 8,205 90.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +4.0

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Murdoch's death caused a by-election.

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
By-election, 25 Jul 1898: Reading[32]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Charles Edward Keyser 3,906 44.5 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Harry Quelch 270 3.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 694 7.9 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 8,776 91.7 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +6.1

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Elections in the 1900s

File:Cekeyser2.jpg
Keyser
Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1900: Reading[32]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Charles Edward Keyser 4,353 48.7 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 239 2.6 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 8,945 88.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +3.4

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

File:Rufus Isaacs - portrait.jpg
Isaacs
Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
1904 Reading by-election[32]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Charles Edward Keyser 4,540 48.8 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 230 2.4 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 9,310 83.5 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing -0.1

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1906: Reading[32]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". George Horace Johnstone 4,710 46.6 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 697 6.8 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 10,117 91.6 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing +2.1

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Elections in the 1910s

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election January 1910: Reading[32]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Leslie Renton 5,057 49.0 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 207 2.0 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 10,321 93.7 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing −2.4

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Isaacs is appointed Solicitor General of England and Wales, requiring a by-election.

Template:Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link
By-election, March 1910[32]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election December 1910: Reading[32]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Leslie Orme Wilson 4,995 49.5 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 99 1.0 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 10,089 91.6 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing −0.5

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Issacs is appointed Lord Chief Justice of England and is elevated to the peerage as Lord Reading, requiring a by-election.

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
1913 Reading by-election[32]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". George Peabody Gooch 4,013 39.3 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Joseph George Butler 1,063 10.4 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 1,131 11.0 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 10,220 92.2 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +6.0

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

A General Election was due to take place by the end of 1915. By the summer of 1914, the following candidates had been adopted to contest that election. Due to the outbreak of war, the election never took place.

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link coalition 1918Template:Election box end 1918

Elections in the 1920s

File:Henry Delacombe Roome.jpg
H.D. Roome
General election 14 December 1918: Reading
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Thomas Charles Morris 8,410 29.8 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Frederick Thoresby 3,143 11.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Lorenzo Quelch 1,462 5.2 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 6,794 24.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 28,219 62.2 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +21.9
Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1922: Reading[36]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Derwent Hall Caine 14,322 38.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Henry Delacombe Roome 7,212 19.2 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 1,760 4.6 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 37,616 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1923: Reading[36]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Edward Cadogan 15,115 40.7 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Frederick Maddison 5,406 14.5 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 1,542 4.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 37,178 82.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +4.3

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1924: Reading[36]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Somerville Hastings 18,337 46.2 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 3,001 7.6 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 39,675 85.8 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1929: Reading[36]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Herbert Williams 22,429 42.0 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Dugald Macfadyen 7,733 14.5 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 852 1.5 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 53,443 85.0 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +4.5

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Elections in the 1930s

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1931: Reading[36] Electorate 65,009
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Somerville Hastings 19,277 35.3 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". ER Troward 861 1.6 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 15,162 27.8 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 54,577 83.9 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1935: Reading[36] Electorate 67,181
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Somerville Hastings 22,949 43.2 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". John William Todd 2,685 5.0 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 4,591 8.6 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 53,174 79.1 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

General Election 1939–40: Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the Autumn of 1939, the following candidates had been selected;

Elections in the 1940s

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1945: Reading[36]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". William Ewart Clarke McIlroy 24,075 38.6 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Robert Nevill Tronchin James 7,834 12.6 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 6,390 10.2 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 62,374 73.5 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Elections in the 1950s

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1955: Reading[38]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Frederic Bennett 24,990 49.76
Majority 238 0.48 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 50,218 84.15 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". win (new seat)

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1959: Reading[39]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Ian Mikardo 22,372 45.95 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 3,942 8.10 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 48,686 82.84 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +4.29

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Elections in the 1960s

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1964: Reading[40]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". John Lee 20,805 43.91 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Michael F Burns 5,759 12.16 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 10 0.02 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 47,379 79.80 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". hold Swing -4.04

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1966: Reading[41]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Peter Emery 21,205 42.69 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Ernest H Palfrey 3,127 6.30 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 4,133 8.32 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 49,670 84.00 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +4.17

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Elections in the 1970s

Template:Election box winning candidate with party link
General election 1970: Reading[42]
Party Candidate Votes % <templatestyles src="Template:Tooltip/styles.css" />±%Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Script error: No such module "Political party". John Lee 22,444 47.85 Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". Alec Boothroyd 867 1.85 Script error: No such module "String".
Majority 1,154 2.46 Script error: No such module "String".
Turnout 46,909 74.04 Script error: No such module "String".
Registered electors Template:Ifnumber Script error: No such module "String".
Script error: No such module "Political party". gain from Script error: No such module "Political party". Template:Yesno Swing +5.39

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

References

General

  • J Holladay Philbin, Parliamentary Representation 1832 – England and Wales (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965)
  • Edward Porritt and Annie G Porritt, The Unreformed House of Commons (Cambridge University Press, 1903)
  • Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Specific

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ Page 198, Lewis Namier, The Structure of Politics at the Accession of George III (2nd edition – London: St Martin's Press, 1957)
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ In place of Edward Herbert and Sir John Berkeley, elected for Old Sarum and Heytesbury
  13. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Who's Who
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ a b c d e f g Craig, Frederick Walter Scott (editor), British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949
  37. ↑ Report of the Annual Conference of the Labour Party, 1939
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

See also

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