RAAD (anti-tank guided missile)

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The Raad (Template:Langx, 'thunder') or RAAD is an Iranian wire-guided anti-tank guided missile based on the Soviet 9M14M Malyutka (AT-3b Sagger) missile.[1][2] The Raad began mass production in 1988 and was publicly unveiled in 1997. It is manufactured by Parchin Missile Industries, a subsidiary of Iran's Defense Industries Organization.[3]

The Raad family comes in four variants: the base RAAD missile, a clone of the 9M14M Malyutka-M (AT-3b Sagger); the I-RAAD, with SACLOS guidance, the RAAD-T, with a tandem warhead, and the I-RAAD-T, with both a tandem warhead and SACLOS guidance.

RAAD means thunder in Persian. It is not an acronym and many sources do not capitalize the name.

History

During the Iran-Iraq War, Iran had an acute need for anti-tank missiles, necessitating the country to buy AT-3 Sagger missiles.[1] Iran also acquired the HJ-73, the Chinese version of the Sagger.[4]

Indigenous manufacturing work began in the tail end of the war[5] and mass production began in 1998,[6] with the Raad being the first anti-tank guided weapon to be built by Iran.[1] The RAAD was obtained with Russian assistance.[7]

The weapon was unveiled on April 30, 1997.[8] The RAAD has almost identical components with 9M14 Malyutka, from the battery to the guidance unit.[9]

According to SIPRI, 1500 RAAD/Sagger missiles were built or imported by Iran between 1996 and 2001[10] and 2,250 from 1996 to 2004.[11]

As of 2015, 4,500 RAADs were made in Iran.[12]

Combat use

Iran supplied Hezbollah with the Raad in the early 2000s and Hezbollah used Raad missiles in the 2006 Lebanon War.[13] Israel captured ten baseline RAAD missiles on the Karine A in January 2002.[14]

The Raad has been used in the Syrian Civil War by Hezbollah fighters, and the Syrian Army.[15] I-RAAD missiles have been used by ISIL fighters in Iraq.[16]

On October 7, 2023, Al-Quds Brigades militants used a RAAD-T during the raid on Israel from Gaza.[17]

Variants

RAAD

The RAAD is an identical copy of the Russian 9M14M Malyutka-M (NATO AT-3b "Sagger").[1]

RAAD-T

The first improvement of the RAAD missile, the RAAD-T has a tandem warhead to defeat explosive Reactive Armor.[18] However, the RAAD-T still uses the obsolete MCLOS guidance of the original RAAD.[5] According to its export material, the RAAD-T has improved maneuverability over the base RAAD[19] and has 400 mm RHA penetration after reactive armor.[20]

I-RAAD

For Improved RAAD, the I-RAAD has a different launcher with a tripod-mounted SACLOS guidance system that makes the missile much easier to aim.[1] The specific SACLOS method is a TV differential tracker.[1] The guidance unit is similar to that of the Chinese HJ-73 system,[1] and possibly the HJ-73C model in particular. First seen in 1998.[9] RAAD missiles can be used by I-RAAD launchers.[1]

It's used to defeat ERA armor.[21]

I-RAAD-T

The I-RAAD-T system combines the tandem-warhead of the RAAD-T missile with the SACLOS guidance system of the I-RAAD launcher.[1] RAAD and I-RAAD missiles can be retrofitted to the I-RAAD-T standard.[19] The I-RAAD-T also includes a simulator that allows operators to be trained on the system without actually firing a missile.[1] 400 mm RHA penetration after reactive armor.[19]

Operators

Non-State actors

References

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  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Iran missile nti.org September 2021
  4. ↑ https://zbiam.pl/artykuly/przeciwpancerne-pociski-kierowane-iranu-cz-1/
  5. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ a b c Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  20. ↑ Terrorism: Documents of International and Local Control, Volume 92. Oceana Publications, 2008. p. 211
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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