Putorana Plateau
Template:Short description Template:Infobox mountain range Template:Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site
The Putorana Plateau (Template:Langx) or the Putorana Mountains is a mountainous area in Russia. It is a large massif or plateau crossed by mountain ranges. The nearest large settlement is Norilsk, where foreign travel is restricted. The city is served by Alykel Airport.
The area of the mountains contains some of the largest known nickel deposits in the world.
Geography
The Putorana Plateau is a high-lying plateau crossed by mountain ranges at the northwestern edge of the Central Siberian Plateau. It is located east of the Yenisei River valley, between 67° and 70° N of latitude, southwest of the Anabar Plateau, north of the Syverma and Tunguska plateaus and south of the North Siberian Lowland.[1] The main subranges of the Putorana are the Keta Range, Lontokoisky Kamen, Kharayelakh Range, Chaya-Ayan, Brus Kamen, and Lama Range, among others.[2] The highest mountain in the range system is Mount Kamen which stands Script error: No such module "convert". above sea level and is also the highest point of the Central Siberian Plateau. Talnikovy Waterfall is reputedly one of the highest waterfalls in Asia.
Lakes on the plateau such as the Dyupkun and Lake Lama are large and form whole ecosystems, which spread over many tens of kilometers. “Putorana” is from the native language of the Evenks and translates to “the country of lakes with steep banks”. The more than 25,000 lakes are between Script error: No such module "convert". deep, and together they form the second-largest store of fresh water in Russia by capacity after Lake Baikal.
Russia's geographical center, Lake Vivi, is situated on the southern limit of the plateau, where it overlaps with the Syverma Plateau.[3]
Geology
The Putorana area is mainly composed of basalt from the Siberian Traps.[4]
Climate
The Putorana region is located above the Arctic Circle. The climate is a harsh subarctic, sharply continental, with long, severely cold winters, and short, cool summers. However, in certain lake valleys, such as Lake Lama, there is a somewhat milder microclimate owing to the protection afforded by neighboring ranges from the northern winds.[5] The higher elevations within the plateau transition to a tundra climate.
Spring, summer and autumn fall respectively in the months of June, July, and August, the remaining months are winter with temperatures between Script error: No such module "convert". and Script error: No such module "convert".. In July, the warmest month, average air temperatures stay around Script error: No such module "convert". and may reach a maximum of Script error: No such module "convert".. Precipitation is between Script error: No such module "convert". and Script error: No such module "convert"., falling mainly in the summer in the form of rain. The snow cover in winter is relatively sparse.[4]
Protected area
The Putorana Nature Reserve, established in 1988 and administered from Norilsk, is a protected area covering some Script error: No such module "convert". with a buffer zone of Script error: No such module "convert".. It was set up to protect the world's largest herd of wild reindeer, as well as snow sheep.
In July 2010, the Putorana Reserve was inscribed on the World Heritage List as "a complete set of subarctic and arctic ecosystems in an isolated mountain range, including pristine taiga, forest tundra, tundra and arctic desert systems, as well as untouched cold-water lake and river systems".[6]
Natural resources
The Plateau's minerals include igneous basalt rocks, iron ores (magnetite and hematite), silicates (prehnite, zeolite), apatites, perovskites and highly saturated copper and nickel ores. The natural resources are presented by abundant water and coal.[7]
Gallery
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Mountains near Norilsk, at the northwest end of the Putorana Plateau. Notice the wooded taiga in the foreground, near the lake and at lower elevation, in contrast to the treeless tundra landscape in the mountains in the background.
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Putorana landscape
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From space
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Putorana Plateau is composed of Siberian Traps
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See also
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References
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- ↑ Google Earth
- ↑ Oleg Leonidovič Kryžanovskij, A Checklist of the Ground-beetles of Russia and Adjacent Lands. p. 14
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Путорана, Great Soviet Encyclopedia in 30 vols. / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M, 1969-1978.
- ↑ Planeta Zemlya - Putorana
- ↑ UNESCO World Heritage Site datasheet
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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External links
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- Official website of the Putorana Nature Reserve
- The Putorana Plateau Natural Heritage Protection Fund
- SPRI Review 2001: Remote Sensing Group (changes in vegetation cover)
- Sights of Putorana Plateau
- Virtual tour to the Putorana Plateau.
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