Minister President of Prussia
(Redirected from Prime Minister of Prussia)
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The minister-president (Template:Langx), or prime minister, of Prussia was the head of government of the Prussian state. The office existed from 1848, when it was formed by King Frederick William IV during the 1848–49 Revolution, until the abolition of Prussia in 1947 by the Allied Control Council.
History of the office
Under the Kingdom of Prussia, the minister-president functioned as the chief minister of the king, and presided over the Landtag, the Prussian legislature established in 1848. After the unification of Germany in 1871 and until the 1918–1919 revolution, the office of the Prussian minister-president was usually held by the chancellor of the German Empire, beginning with the tenure of Otto von Bismarck.
Under the Free State of Prussia the minister-president was the head of the state government in a more traditional parliamentary role during the Weimar Republic. The office ceased to have any real meaning except as a kind of political patronage title after the takeover by the national government in 1932 (Preußenschlag), and after Nazi Germany dismantled Prussia as a state in 1935 (Reichsstatthaltergesetz). Eventually, the office was abolished along with Prussia itself by the Allies in the aftermath of World War II.
Chief ministers of the Kingdom of Prussia (1702–1848)
- 1702–1711: Johann Kasimir Kolbe von Wartenberg
- 1711–1728: Template:Ill
- 1728–1739: Friedrich Wilhelm von Grumbkow
- 1739–1749: Template:Ill
- 1749–1753: Georg Dietloff von Arnim-Boitzenburg
- 1749–1777: Count Karl-Wilhelm Finck von Finckenstein
- 1777–1802: Friedrich Anton von Heynitz
- 1786–1798: Friedrich Wilhelm von Arnim-Boitzenburg
- 1802–1804: Count Christian Heinrich Kurt von Haugwitz (1st term)
- 1804–1806: Count Karl August von Hardenberg (1st term)
- 1806: Count Christian Heinrich Kurt von Haugwitz (2nd term)
- 1806–1807: Template:Ill
- 1807: Count Karl August von Hardenberg (2nd term)
- 1807–1808: Baron Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein
- 1808–1810: Count Karl Friedrich Ferdinand Alexander zu Dohna-Schlobitten
- 1810–1822: Prince Karl August von Hardenberg (3rd term)
- 1822–1823: Template:IllScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
- 1823–1841: Count Carl Friedrich Heinrich, Graf von Wylich und LottumScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
- 1841–1848: Template:IllScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
List of minister-presidents of Prussia (1848–1945)
Minister-presidents of the Kingdom of Prussia (1848–1918)
Political party:
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| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Term of office | Political party | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Days | ||||
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:AHArnimB.jpg | Count Adolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg (1803–1868)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
19 March 1848 | 29 March 1848 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Camphausen.jpeg | Gottfried Ludolf Camphausen (1803–1890)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
29 March 1848 | 20 June 1848 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Rudolf v Auerswald 1862 (IZ 39-6 n Foto v L Haase).JPG | Rudolf von Auerswald (1795–1866)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
25 June 1848 | 8 September 1848 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Pfuel.jpg | Ernst von Pfuel (1779–1866)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
21 September 1848 | 1 November 1848 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:FWvBrandenburg.jpg | Count Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg (1792–1850)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
2 November 1848 | 6 November 1850 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Manteuffel, Otto Theodor von (1805-1882).jpg | Baron Otto Theodor von Manteuffel (1805–1882)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
9 December 1850 | 6 November 1858 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Fürst Karl Anton von Hohenzollern.JPG | Prince Karl Anton von Hohenzollern (1811–1885)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
6 November 1858 | 12 March 1862 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Adolph Friedrich Ludwig Karl, Fürst von Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen, c. 1860.jpg | Prince Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen (1797–1873)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
17 March 1862 | 23 September 1862 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-2005-0057, Otto von Bismarck.jpg | Prince Otto von Bismarck (1815–1898) First termScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
23 September 1862 | 1 January 1873 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Albrecht Graf von Roon by Gustav Gräf.jpg | Count Albrecht von Roon (1803–1879)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
1 January 1873 | 9 November 1873 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-2005-0057, Otto von Bismarck.jpg | Prince Otto von Bismarck (1815–1898) Second termScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
9 November 1873 | 20 March 1890 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R09316, Leo Graf von Caprivi.jpg | Count Leo von Caprivi (1831–1899)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
20 March 1890 | 22 March 1892 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Botho Wendt zu Eulenburg.jpg | Count Botho zu Eulenburg (1831–1912)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
22 March 1892 | 26 October 1894 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst - Die Gartenlaube (1894) 773.jpg | Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (1819–1901)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
29 October 1894 | 17 October 1900 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-2004-0098, Bernhard Fürst von Bülow (cropped).jpg | Prince Bernhard von Bülow (1849–1929)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
17 October 1900 | 14 July 1909 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg(cropped).jpg | Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg[1] (1856–1921)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
14 July 1909 | 13 July 1917 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-2004-0720-500, Georg Michaelis.jpg | Georg Michaelis (1857–1936)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
14 July 1917 | 1 November 1917 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Georg von Hertling.jpg | Count Georg von Hertling (1843–1919)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
1 November 1917 | 30 September 1918 | Script error: No such module "age". | Centre |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R04103, Prinz Max von Baden.jpg | Prince Maximilian von Baden (1867–1929)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
3 October 1918 | 9 November 1918 | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan |
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Minister-presidents of the Free State of Prussia (1918–1945)
Political party:
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| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Term of office | Political party | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Days | ||||
| Minister-presidents of the Free State of Prussia in the Weimar Republic | ||||||
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Paul Hirsch um 1920.jpg | Paul Hirsch (1868–1940)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
12 November 1918 | 27 March 1920 | Script error: No such module "age". | Social Democratic Party of Germany |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Heinrich Ströbel 1930.jpg | Heinrich Ströbel (1869–1944) Co-prime ministerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
12 November 1918 | 9 January 1919 | Script error: No such module "age". | Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Otto Braun 1932 (Landtag) Edit.jpg | Otto Braun (1872–1955) First termScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
27 March 1920 | 21 April 1921 | Script error: No such module "age". | Social Democratic Party of Germany |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Adam Stegerwald JS2.jpg | Adam Stegerwald (1874–1945)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
21 April 1921 | 5 November 1921 | Script error: No such module "age". | Centre Party |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Otto Braun 1932 (Landtag) Edit.jpg | Otto Braun (1872–1955) Second termScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
5 November 1921 | 18 February 1925 | Script error: No such module "age". | Social Democratic Party of Germany |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Reichskanzler Wilhelm Marx (cropped1).jpg | Wilhelm Marx (1863–1946)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
18 February 1925 | 6 April 1925 | Script error: No such module "age". | Centre Party |
| style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Otto Braun 1932 (Landtag) Edit.jpg | Otto Braun (1872–1955) Third termScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
6 April 1925 | 20 July 1932 | Script error: No such module "age". | Social Democratic Party of Germany |
| rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:FranzVonPapenEn1933.jpeg | Franz von Papen (1879–1969)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
ReichskommissarScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan | |
| 20 July 1932 | 3 December 1932 | |||||
| rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:KurtVonScheleicherEn1932.jpeg | Kurt von Schleicher (1882–1934)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
ReichskommissarScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan | |
| 3 December 1932 | 28 January 1933 | |||||
| rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:FranzVonPapenEn1933.jpeg | Franz von Papen (1879–1969)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
ReichskommissarScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Script error: No such module "age". | Non-partisan | |
| 30 January 1933 | 10 April 1933 | |||||
| rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Hitler portrait crop.jpg | Adolf Hitler (1889–1945)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
ReichsstatthalterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Script error: No such module "age". | Nazi Party | |
| 30 January 1933 | 30 January 1935 | |||||
| Minister-president of the Free State of Prussia in Nazi Germany | ||||||
| rowspan="4" style="background:Template:Party color;" | | File:Bundesarchiv Bild 102-15607, Potsdam, Göring.jpg | Hermann Göring (1893–1946)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
MinisterpräsidentScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Script error: No such module "age". | Nazi Party | |
| 10 April 1933 | 23 April 1945 | |||||
| ReichsstatthalterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | Script error: No such module "age". | |||||
| 30 January 1935 | 23 April 1945 | |||||
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Timeline
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DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:1848 till:1945 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1848 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:1848
Colors =
id:None value:rgb(0.87,0.87,0.87) legend:Non-partisan id:Zentrum value:rgb(0,0,0) legend:Centre_Party id:SPD value:rgb(0.92,0,0.12) legend:Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany id:USPD value:rgb(1,0.13,0.13) legend:Independent_Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany id:NSDAP value:rgb(0.59,0.29,0) legend:National_Socialist_German_Workers`_Party
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pos:(20,65) textcolor:black fontsize:M text:"Political parties:"
BarData =
bar:AdolfHeinrichvonArnim-Boitzenburg bar:GottfriedLudolfCamphausen bar:RudolfvonAuerswald bar:ErnstvonPfuel bar:FriedrichWilhelmvonBrandenburg bar:OttoTheodorvonManteuffel bar:KarlAntonvonHohenzollern bar:AdolfzuHohenlohe-Ingelfingen bar:OttovonBismarck bar:AlbrechtvonRoon bar:LeovonCaprivi bar:BothozuEulenburg bar:ChlodwigzuHohenlohe-Schillingsfürst bar:BernhardvonBülow bar:TheobaldvonBethmannHollweg bar:GeorgMichaelis bar:GeorgvonHertling bar:MaximilianvonBaden bar:PaulHirsch bar:HeinrichStröbel bar:OttoBraun bar:AdamStegerwald bar:WilhelmMarx bar:FranzvonPapen bar:KurtvonSchleicher bar:AdolfHitler bar:HermannGöring
PlotData =
width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till bar:AdolfHeinrichvonArnim-Boitzenburg from: 19/03/1848 till: 29/03/1848 color: None text:"Count Adolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg" bar:GottfriedLudolfCamphausen from: 29/03/1848 till: 20/06/1848 color: None text:"Gottfried Ludolf Camphausen" bar:RudolfvonAuerswald from: 25/06/1848 till: 08/09/1848 color: None text:"Rudolf von Auerswald" bar:ErnstvonPfuel from: 21/09/1848 till: 01/11/1848 color: None text:"Ernst von Pfuel" bar:FriedrichWilhelmvonBrandenburg from: 02/11/1848 till: 06/11/1850 color: None text:"Count Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg" bar:OttoTheodorvonManteuffel from: 09/12/1850 till: 06/11/1858 color: None text:"Baron Otto Theodor von Manteuffel" bar:KarlAntonvonHohenzollern from: 06/11/1858 till: 12/03/1862 color: None text:"Prince Karl Anton von Hohenzollern" bar:AdolfzuHohenlohe-Ingelfingen from: 17/03/1862 till: 23/09/1862 color: None text:"Prince Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen" bar:OttovonBismarck from: 23/09/1862 till: 01/01/1873 color: None from: 09/11/1873 till: 20/03/1890 color: None text:"Prince Otto von Bismarck" bar:AlbrechtvonRoon from: 01/01/1873 till: 09/11/1873 color: None text:"Count Albrecht von Roon" bar:LeovonCaprivi from: 20/03/1890 till: 22/03/1892 color: None text:"Count Leo von Caprivi" bar:BothozuEulenburg from: 22/03/1892 till: 26/10/1894 color: None text:"Count Botho zu Eulenburg" bar:ChlodwigzuHohenlohe-Schillingsfürst from: 29/10/1894 till: 17/10/1900 color: None text:"Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst" bar:BernhardvonBülow from: 17/10/1900 till: 14/07/1909 color: None text:"Prince Bernhard von Bülow" bar:TheobaldvonBethmannHollweg from: 14/07/1909 till: 13/07/1917 color: None text:"Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg" bar:GeorgMichaelis from: 14/07/1917 till: 01/11/1917 color: None text:"Georg Michaelis" bar:GeorgvonHertling from: 01/11/1917 till: 30/09/1918 color: Zentrum text:"Count Georg von Hertling" bar:MaximilianvonBaden from: 03/10/1918 till: 09/11/1918 color: None text:"Prince Maximilian von Baden" bar:PaulHirsch from: 12/11/1918 till: 27/03/1920 color: SPD text:"Paul Hirsch" bar:HeinrichStröbel from: 12/11/1918 till: 09/01/1919 color: USPD text:"Heinrich Ströbel (Co-prime minister)" bar:OttoBraun from: 27/03/1920 till: 21/04/1921 color: SPD from: 05/11/1921 till: 18/02/1925 color: SPD from: 06/04/1923 till: 20/07/1932 color: SPD text:"Otto Braun" bar:AdamStegerwald from: 21/04/1921 till: 05/11/1921 color: Zentrum text:"Adam Stegerwald" bar:WilhelmMarx from: 18/02/1925 till: 06/04/1925 color: Zentrum text:"Wilhelm Marx" bar:FranzvonPapen from: 20/07/1932 till: 03/12/1932 color: None from: 30/01/1933 till: 10/04/1933 color: None text:"Franz von Papen" bar:KurtvonSchleicher from: 03/12/1932 till: 28/01/1933 color: None text:"Kurt von Schleicher" bar:AdolfHitler from: 30/01/1933 till: 30/01/1935 color: NSDAP text:"Adolf Hitler" bar:HermannGöring from: 10/04/1933 till: 23/04/1945 color: NSDAP from: 30/01/1935 till: 23/04/1945 color: NSDAP text:"Hermann Göring"
</timeline>
See also
- Deputy Prime Minister of Prussia
- Minister-president
- List of Prussian monarchs
- Constitution of Prussia (1848)
- List of chancellors of Germany
References
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Template:Ministers President of Prussia Template:Governments of Prussia Template:PMs of the German states