List of presidents of Portugal

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "For". Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Script error: No such module "Multiple image". Script error: No such module "Sidebar". The complete list of presidents of the Portuguese Republic consists of the 20 heads of state in the history of Portugal since the 5 October 1910 revolution that installed a republican regime.

This list includes not only those persons who were sworn into office as President of Portugal but also those who de facto served as head of state since 1910. This is the case of Teófilo Braga who served as President of the Provisional Government after the republican coup d'état. Also Sidónio Pais, Mendes Cabeçadas, Gomes da Costa, as well as Canto e Castro and Óscar Carmona in their early months, were not sworn into office as presidents of the Republic, usually being prime ministers, but de facto accumulated this function, thus combining in practice head of state and head of government in one person.

See the notes for more information.

Election terms

The numbering reflects the uninterrupted terms in office served by a single man. For example, Jorge Sampaio served two consecutive terms and is counted as the 19th president (not the 19th and 20th). Teófilo Braga served as the first and sole president of the Provisional Government, and therefore is not considered to be the first president, although he would serve again as head of state and be the second president after the resignation of Manuel de Arriaga.

However, Bernardino Machado served two non-consecutive terms, and he is counted as both the third and the eighth presidents. Because of this, the list below contains 20 presidencies, but only 19 presidents.

Under the Constitution of Portugal adopted in 1976, in the wake of the 1974 Carnation Revolution, the president is elected to a five-year term with the possibility of running for a second consecutive term; there is no limit to the number of terms a president may serve, but a president who serves two consecutive terms may not serve again in the next five years after the second term finishes.

The official residence of the president of Portugal is the Belém Palace.

The current president of the Portuguese Republic is Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, the winner of the 2016 presidential election and re-elected in the 2021 presidential election.

Presidents

The colors indicate the political affiliation of each president.

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  Interim holder

First Republic (1910–1926)

No. Portrait President
(Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Elected Term of office Political party Ref.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
President of the Provisional Government of the Republic (1910–1911)
- File:Teófilo Braga (1915) - Fotografia Vasques, Lisboa (Museu da Presidência da República).png Teófilo BragaTemplate:Efn
(1843–1924)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 5 October 1910 24 August 1911 Republican [1]
Presidents of the Republic (1911–1926)
1 File:Manuel de Arriaga - Fotografia Vasques.png Manuel de Arriaga
(1840–1917)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1911 24 August 1911 26 May 1915[R] Republican
later Democratic[2] 		[3][2]
2 File:Teófilo Braga (1915) - Fotografia Vasques, Lisboa (Museu da Presidência da República).png Teófilo Braga
(1843–1924)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		MayScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
1915 		29 May 1915 5 October 1915 Democratic[4] [3][4]
3 File:Fotografia oficial do Presidente da República Bernardino Machado.jpg Bernardino Machado
(1851–1944)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		AugustScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
1915 		5 October 1915 5 December 1917[C] Democratic[5] [3][5]
- Ministry
(Head of State ex officio)
President: Sidónio PaisScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 12 December 1917 28 April 1918 – [3][6]
4 File:Sidónio Pais, phot. Bobone.png Sidónio PaisTemplate:Efn
(1872–1918)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		AprilScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
1918 		28 April 1918 14 December 1918[A] National Republican[6] [3][6]
- Ministry
(Head of State ex officio)
President: João do Canto e CastroScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 14 December 1918 16 December 1918 – [7]
5 File:Fotografia oficial do Presidente da República João do Canto e Castro.jpg João do Canto e CastroTemplate:Efn
(1862–1934)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		DecemberScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
1918 		16 December 1918 5 October 1919 National Republican[8] [3][8]
6 File:Presidente António José de Almeida.jpg António José de Almeida
(1866–1929)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1919 5 October 1919 5 October 1923 Evolutionist Party
later Republican Liberal[9] 		[3][9]
7 File:Manuel Teixeira Gomes.png Manuel Teixeira Gomes
(1860–1941)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1923 5 October 1923 11 December 1925[R] Democratic[10] [3][10]
8 File:Fotografia oficial do Presidente da República Bernardino Machado.jpg Bernardino Machado
(1851–1944)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
2nd time 		1925 11 December 1925 31 May 1926[C] Democratic[5] [3][5]

Second Republic (1926–1974)

No. Portrait President
(Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Elected Term of office Political party Ref.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Ditadura Nacional (National Dictatorship) (1926–1932)
9 File:Vice-almirante José Mendes Cabeçadas Júnior.jpg José Mendes CabeçadasTemplate:Efn
(1883–1965)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 31 May 1926 17 June 1926[C] Nonpartisan[11] [3][11]
- Ministry
(Head of State ex officio)
President: Manuel Gomes da CostaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 17 June 1926 29 June 1926 – [12]
10 File:General Manuel Gomes da Costa (1918) - Photographia Vasques.png Manuel Gomes da CostaTemplate:Efn
(1863–1929)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 29 June 1926 9 July 1926[C] Nonpartisan[13] [3][13]
- Ministry
(Head of State ex officio)
President: Óscar CarmonaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 9 July 1926 16 November 1926 – [3][14]
rowspan="3" style="background: linear-gradient(gray 59%, Template:Party color 41%); color:white;" | 11 File:Retrato do Presidente da República Óscar Carmona - Photographia Ingleza de J. & M. Lazarus (Museu da Presidência da República).png Óscar CarmonaTemplate:EfnTemplate:Efn
(1869–1951)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 16 November 1926 15 April 1928 Nonpartisan [3][14]
Estado Novo (New State) (1932–1974)
File:Retrato do Presidente da República Óscar Carmona - Photographia Ingleza de J. & M. Lazarus (Museu da Presidência da República).png Óscar Carmona
(1869–1951)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1928
1935
1942
1949 		15 April 1928 18 April 1951[D] Nonpartisan
from 1932Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
National Union 		[3][14]
- File:António de Oliveira Salazar portrait (by Manuel Alves San Payo) – Lisboa.jpg António de Oliveira SalazarTemplate:Efn
(1889–1970)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
(interim) 		— 18 April 1951 21 July 1951 National Union [15]
style="background:Template:Party color; color:white;" | 12 File:General Francisco Higino Craveiro Lopes, Presidente de Portugal.tif Francisco Craveiro Lopes
(1894–1964)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1951 21 July 1951 9 August 1958 National Union [3][16]
style="background:Template:Party color; color:white;" | 13 File:Fotografia oficial do Presidente da República Américo Tomás.jpg Américo Tomás
(1894–1987)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1958
1965
1972 		9 August 1958 25 April 1974[C] National Union
from 1970
People's National Action 		[3][17]

Third Republic (1974–present)

No. Portrait President
(Birth–Death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Elected Term of office Political party Ref.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Presidents appointed in the aftermath of the Carnation Revolution (1974–1976)
- National Salvation JuntaTemplate:Efn
President: António de SpínolaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 25 April 1974 15 May 1974 – [18]
14 Template:CSS image crop António de Spínola
(1910–1996)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 15 May 1974 30 September 1974[R] Nonpartisan [3][18]
15 Template:CSS image crop Francisco da Costa Gomes
(1914–2001)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		— 30 September 1974 14 July 1976 Nonpartisan [3][19]
Presidents elected under the Constitution of the Republic (1976–present)
style="background: linear-gradient(gray 75%, Template:Party color 25%); color:white;" |16 Template:CSS image crop António Ramalho Eanes
(born 1935)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1976
1980 		14 July 1976 9 March 1986 Nonpartisan
from 1985Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Democratic Renewal 		[3][20]
style="background:Template:Party color; color:white;"| 17 Template:CSS image crop Mário Soares
(1924–2017)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1986
1991 		9 March 1986 9 March 1996 Template:Party shading/PS |Socialist [3][21]
style="background:Template:Party color; color:white;"| 18 Template:CSS image crop Jorge Sampaio
(1939–2021)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		1996
2001 		9 March 1996 9 March 2006 Template:Party shading/PS | Socialist [3][22]
style="background:Template:Party color; color:white;"| 19 Template:CSS image crop Aníbal Cavaco Silva
(born 1939)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		2006
2011 		9 March 2006 9 March 2016 Template:Party shading/PSD | Social DemocraticTemplate:Efn [3][23]
style="background:Template:Party color; color:white;"| 20 Template:CSS image crop Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa
(born 1948)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		2016
2021 		9 March 2016 Incumbent Template:Party shading/PSD | Social DemocraticTemplate:Efn [24]
  • Left office early:
<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[A] Assassinated.
<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[D] Died in office of natural causes.
<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[R] Resigned.
<templatestyles src="Citation/styles.css"/>[C] Forced to resign due to a coup d'état.

Timeline

Template:Flagicon Timeline of Presidents of Portugal (1910–present)
<timeline>

ImageSize = width:1000 height:auto barincrement:20 PlotArea = top:30 bottom:120 right:160 left:3 AlignBars = late

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 id:IND     value:rgb(0.50,0.50,0.50)    legend:None_(Nonpartisan)
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 id:PRD     value:rgb(0,0.50,0)          legend:Democratic_Renewal
 id:PS      value:rgb(1,0.40,1)          legend:Socialist
 id:PSD     value:rgb(1,0.60,0)          legend:Social_Democratic

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 bar:AntónioJosédeAlmeida
 bar:ManuelTeixeiraGomes
 bar:MendesCabeçadas
 bar:GomesdaCosta
 bar:ÓscarCarmona
 bar:OliveiraSalazar
 bar:CraveiroLopes
 bar:AméricoTomás
 bar:AntóniodeSpínola
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 bar:MarceloRebelodeSousa

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 at: 30/05/1926 color:grid layer:back width:0.1
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 at: 25/04/1974 color:grid layer:back width:0.1

PlotData = 

 width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till
 barset:PR

bar:TeófiloBraga
 from:05/10/1910 till:24/08/1911 color:PR
 from:29/05/1915 till:05/10/1915 color:PD      text:"Braga" fontsize:10
bar:ManueldeArriaga
 from:24/08/1911 till:01/01/1912 color:PR
 from:01/01/1912 till:26/05/1915 color:PD      text:"Arriaga" fontsize:10
bar:BernardinoMachado
 from:05/10/1915 till:05/12/1917 color:PD
 from:11/12/1925 till:31/05/1926 color:PD      text:"Machado" fontsize:10
bar:SidónioPais
 from:28/04/1918 till:14/12/1918 color:PNR     text:"Pais" fontsize:10
bar:CantoeCastro
 from:14/12/1918 till:05/10/1919 color:PNR     text:"Canto e Castro" fontsize:10
bar:AntónioJosédeAlmeida
 from:05/10/1919 till:05/10/1923 color:PRE/PLR text:"Almeida" fontsize:10
bar:ManuelTeixeiraGomes
 from:05/10/1923 till:11/12/1925 color:PD      text:"Teixeira Gomes" fontsize:10
bar:MendesCabeçadas
 from:31/05/1926 till:17/06/1926 color:IND     text:"Mendes Cabeçadas" fontsize:10
bar:GomesdaCosta
 from:17/06/1926 till:09/07/1926 color:IND     text:"Gomes da Costa" fontsize:10
bar:ÓscarCarmona
 from:09/07/1926 till:05/09/1932 color:IND
 from:05/09/1932 till:18/04/1951 color:UN/ANP  text:"Carmona" fontsize:10
bar:OliveiraSalazar
 from:18/04/1951 till:21/07/1951 color:UN/ANP  text:"Salazar (interim)" fontsize:10
bar:CraveiroLopes
 from:21/07/1951 till:09/08/1958 color:UN/ANP  text:"Craveiro Lopes" fontsize:10
bar:AméricoTomás
 from:09/08/1958 till:25/04/1974 color:UN/ANP  text:"Tomás" fontsize:10
bar:AntóniodeSpínola
 from:25/04/1974 till:30/09/1974 color:IND     text:"Spínola" fontsize:10
bar:CostaGomes
 from:30/09/1974 till:13/07/1976 color:IND     text:"Costa Gomes" fontsize:10
bar:RamalhoEanes
 from:13/07/1976 till:10/07/1985 color:IND
 from:10/07/1985 till:09/03/1986 color:PRD     text:"Eanes" fontsize:10
bar:MárioSoares
 from:09/03/1986 till:09/03/1996 color:PS      text:"Soares" fontsize:10
bar:JorgeSampaio
 from:09/03/1996 till:09/03/2006 color:PS      text:"Sampaio" fontsize:10
bar:CavacoSilva
 from:09/03/2006 till:09/03/2016 color:PSD     text:"Cavaco Silva" fontsize:10  
bar:MarceloRebelodeSousa
 from:09/03/2016 till:end        color:PSD     text:"Rebelo de Sousa" fontsize:10 

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 at:05/07/1953 $centerpos2  text:"Estado Novo" 
 at:25/04/1998 $centerpos2  text:"3rd Republic"
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 at:30/05/1929 $centerpos1  text:"(1926–1932)" fontsize:xs
 at:05/07/1953 $centerpos1  text:"(1932–1974)" 
 at:25/04/1998 $centerpos1  text:"(1974–present)"

</timeline>

Birthplaces

Script error: No such module "Location map/multi".

Presidents by time in office

Rank President Time in office Terms Party
1 Óscar Carmona 24 years, 286 days 5 Template:Color test Nonpartisan → Template:Color test National Union
2 Américo Tomás 15 years, 259 days 3 Template:Color test National Union
3 Mário Soares 10 years, 0 days 2 Template:Color test Socialist
Jorge Sampaio 10 years, 0 days 2 Template:Color test Socialist
Aníbal Cavaco Silva 10 years, 0 days 2 Template:Color test Social Democratic
4 Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa Template:Age in years and days
(Incumbent)		 2 Template:Color test Social Democratic
5 António Ramalho Eanes 9 years, 238 days 2 Template:Color test Nonpartisan → Template:Color test Democratic Renewal
6 Francisco Craveiro Lopes 7 years, 0 days 1 Template:Color test National Union
7 António José de Almeida 4 years, 0 days 1 Template:Color test Evolutionist → Template:Color test Republican Liberal
8 Manuel de Arriaga 3 years, 278 days 1 Template:Color test Republican → Template:Color test Democratic
9 Bernardino Machado 2 years, 239 days 2 Template:Color test Democratic
10 Manuel Teixeira Gomes 2 year, 67 days 1 Template:Color test Democratic
11 Francisco da Costa Gomes 1 year, 288 days 1 Template:Color test Nonpartisan
12 Teófilo Braga 1 year, 87 days 1 Template:Color test Republican → Template:Color test Democratic
13 Sidónio Pais 1 year, 2 days 1 Template:Color test National Republican
14 João do Canto e Castro 295 days 1 Template:Color test National Republican
15 António de Spínola 158 days 1 Template:Color test Nonpartisan
16 António de Oliveira Salazar 93 days 1 Template:Color test National Union
17 Manuel Gomes da Costa 22 days 1 Template:Color test Nonpartisan
18 José Mendes Cabeçadas 17 days 1 Template:Color test Nonpartisan

See also

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Notes

Template:Notelist

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

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  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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