Livingston County, Illinois

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Livingston County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 35,815.[1] Its county seat is Pontiac.[2] Livingston County comprises the Pontiac, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is combined with the Bloomington–Normal metropolitan statistical area as the Bloomington-Pontiac, IL Combined Statistical Area in upper portion of Central Illinois.

History

On October 27, 1830, Valentine Darnell and his wife Rachel became the first white settlers of Livingston County.[3] Livingston was established on February 27, 1837. It was formed from parts of McLean, LaSalle, and Iroquois counties, and named after Edward Livingston,[4] a prominent politician who was mayor of New York City and represented New York in the United States House of Representatives and Louisiana in both houses of Congress. He later served as Andrew Jackson's Secretary of State and as Minister to France. Although he had no connections to Illinois, the General Assembly found him accomplished enough to name a county after him.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". is land and Script error: No such module "convert". (0.2%) is water.[5] It is the fourth-largest county in Illinois by land area.

Climate and weather

Pontiac, Illinois
Climate chart (explanation)
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█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches
Source: The Weather Channel[6]
Metric conversion
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█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm

In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Pontiac have ranged from a low of Script error: No such module "convert". in January to a high of Script error: No such module "convert". in July, although a record low of Script error: No such module "convert". was recorded in January 1927 and a record high of Script error: No such module "convert". was recorded in July 1936. Average monthly precipitation ranged from Script error: No such module "convert". in February to Script error: No such module "convert". in June.[6]

Transit

Major highways

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Adjacent counties

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
1840759—
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186011,637Script error: No such module "String".%
187031,471Script error: No such module "String".%
188038,450Script error: No such module "String".%
189038,455Script error: No such module "String".%
190042,035Script error: No such module "String".%
191040,465Script error: No such module "String".%
192039,070Script error: No such module "String".%
193039,092Script error: No such module "String".%
194038,838Script error: No such module "String".%
195037,809Script error: No such module "String".%
196040,341Script error: No such module "String".%
197040,690Script error: No such module "String".%
198041,381Script error: No such module "String".%
199039,301Script error: No such module "String".%
200039,678Script error: No such module "String".%
201038,950Script error: No such module "String".%
202035,815Script error: No such module "String".%
2024 (est.)35,375[7]Script error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[8]
1790-1960[9] 1900-1990[10]
1990-2000[11] 2010-2013[1]

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2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 35,815. The median age was 42.4 years, with 21.9% of residents under the age of 18 and 20.0% of residents aged 65 or older. For every 100 females there were 106.9 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 105.8 males age 18 and over.[12]

The racial makeup of the county was 89.5% White, 3.1% Black or African American, 0.2% American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.5% Asian, <0.1% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 2.1% from some other race, and 4.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 5.2% of the population.[13]

35.4% of residents lived in urban areas, while 64.6% lived in rural areas.[14]

There were 14,396 households in the county, of which 27.5% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 47.5% were married-couple households, 20.1% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 25.0% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 30.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[12]

There were 15,920 housing units, of which 9.6% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 73.3% were owner-occupied and 26.7% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.5% and the rental vacancy rate was 8.4%.[12]

Racial and ethnic composition

Livingston County, Illinois – Racial and ethnic composition
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Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980[15] Pop 1990[16] Pop 2000[17] Pop 2010[18] Pop 2020[19] % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 38,790 36,171 36,145 34,903 31,518 93.74% 92.04% 91.10% 89.61% 88.00%
Black or African American alone (NH) 1,807 2,091 2,032 1,887 1,081 4.37% 5.32% 5.12% 4.84% 3.02%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 35 57 60 51 38 0.08% 0.15% 0.15% 0.13% 0.11%
Asian alone (NH) 92 127 121 197 171 0.22% 0.32% 0.30% 0.51% 0.48%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x [20] x [21] 2 1 1 x x 0.01% 0.00% 0.00%
Other race alone (NH) 36 29 11 29 89 0.09% 0.07% 0.03% 0.07% 0.25%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x [22] x [23] 251 350 1,058 x x 0.63% 0.90% 2.95%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 621 826 1,056 1,532 1,859 1.50% 2.10% 2.66% 3.93% 5.19%
Total 41,381 39,301 39,678 38,950 35,815 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States census, there were 38,950 people, 14,613 households, and 9,741 families residing in the county.[24] The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 15,895 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert"..[5] The racial makeup of the county was 91.8% white, 4.9% black or African American, 0.5% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 1.3% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 3.9% of the population.[24] In terms of ancestry, 36.6% were German, 17.2% were Irish, 11.2% were American, 10.7% were English, and 5.1% were Italian.[25]

Of the 14,613 households, 30.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.0% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.3% were non-families, and 28.6% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.98. The median age was 40.8 years.[24]

The median income for a household in the county was $50,500 and the median income for a family was $60,933. Males had a median income of $44,639 versus $32,234 for females. The per capita income for the county was $23,259. About 9.1% of families and 11.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.4% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over.[26]

Communities

Cities

Town

Villages

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Townships

Livingston County is divided into thirty townships:

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Unincorporated communities

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Government and infrastructure

The Illinois Department of Corrections operates two prisons in the county.

Pontiac Correctional Center is located in Pontiac.[27] Pontiac houses the male death row. Prior to the January 11, 2003, commutation of death row sentences, male death row inmates were housed in Pontiac, Menard, and Tamms correctional centers.[28] Dwight Correctional Center is within Nevada Township in an unincorporated area in the county.[29][30]

The Dwight Correctional Center is currently unoccupied and was closed in 2013.

Politics

Although it was solidly Democratic before 1856, Livingston has since always been a powerfully Republican county. The solitary Democrat to win a majority of the county's vote since the Civil War has been Franklin D. Roosevelt in his 1932 landslide triumph over Herbert Hoover. Apart from that and the 1912 election when Woodrow Wilson won against a mortally divided Republican Party, Livingston has always voted Republican since that party was founded in 1856. Since 1940, only Lyndon Johnson in his 1964 landslide victory over the conservative Barry Goldwater has won more than forty percent of the county's vote.

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Notable residents

See also

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References

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  12. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  20. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census
  21. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census
  22. ↑ not an option in the 1980 Census
  23. ↑ not an option in the 1990 Census
  24. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ "Pontiac Correctional Center." Illinois Department of Corrections. Retrieved on September 1, 2010.
  28. ↑ "DOC Report Online Template:Webarchive." Illinois Department of Corrections. Retrieved on September 1, 2010.
  29. ↑ "Dwight village, IllinoisScript error: No such module "Unsubst".." U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on September 1, 2010.
  30. ↑ "Dwight Correctional Center." Illinois Department of Corrections. Retrieved on September 1, 2001.
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Template:Source-attribution
  32. ↑ 'Illinois Blue Book 199-1950,' Biographical Sketch of Calistus Bruer, pg. 164-165
  33. ↑ 'Official Directory of the Forty-Second General Assembly of Illinois-1901,' Talbot & Hamman, Springfield, Illinois: 1865, Biographical Sketch of M. C. Eignus, pg. 65
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ 'William C. Harris-obituary,' Chicago Tribune, January 2, 2005
  36. ↑ 'Illinois Blue Book 1975-1976,' Biographical Sketch of William C. Harris, pg. 146
  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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Further reading

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