List of political parties in Finland

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Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Script error: No such module "Sidebar". This article is a list of political parties in Finland, which includes Finland's national-level political parties and excludes local and provincial parties (such as the parties of Åland). A party is defined as a political association whose existence is recorded in the Ministry of Justice's party register.[1]

Finland has a multi-party system. Coalition governments which comprise a majority of seats in the Parliament of Finland are the norm. Those parties which are not in government are called the opposition. Due to the lack of an electoral threshold, many parties are usually represented in Parliament. As a result, it is all but impossible for one party to win a majority. Additionally, the parties usually cannot win enough seats between them to form a governing coalition on their own. Most Finnish governments, particularly since World War II, have thus been grand coalitions comprising parties stretching across the political spectrum.

Political parties work in parliamentary groups (eduskuntaryhmät) which usually vote with non-absolute party discipline.

Parties are composed of local chapters based in municipalities. In municipalities, which are fundamental administrative units in the country, parties hold seats in the municipal councils, but often have to compete for them with local non-party groups (independents).

Finnish law states that a political association which fulfills certain conditions is eligible to become a political party free of charge.[1] Among these conditions are:

  • that the primary purpose of the association is to affect governmental affairs,
  • that it has received at least 5,000 votes in any parliamentary, municipal, county, or European Parliament election,
  • that the association's rules secure the following of democratic principles in its decision making and activities,
  • and that it has a general program based on these rules which expresses the association's principles and goals regarding its actions in governmental affairs.

A registered party may nominate candidates in any national and local elections, and a party that is represented in parliament is entitled to a government subsidy relative to its number of seats. To qualify as a registered party, an association must have bylaws guaranteeing democratic internal organization and must be able to present 5,000 signatures from its supporters who are eligible to vote. A party that fails to win a single seat in two consecutive parliamentary elections is stricken from the register, but may apply again.

Parliamentary parties

Party Ideology MPs MEPs CCs Leader Founded Ref
style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:National Coalition Party logo.svg
National Coalition Party
Kansallinen Kokoomus
(Samlingspartiet)
Template:Langx
Template:Langx
Liberal conservatism Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Petteri Orpo 1918 [2][3][4]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:Perussuomalaiset Logo.svg
Finns Party
Perussuomalaiset
(Sannfinländarna)
Template:Langx
Template:Langx
National conservatism
Right-wing populism
Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Riikka Purra 1995 [2][3][4][5]
width="5px" style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:Sozialdemokratische Partei Finnlands Logo.svg
Social Democratic Party
Sosialidemokraatit
(Socialdemokraterna)
Template:Party abbr Social democracy Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Antti Lindtman 1899 [2][3][4]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:Keskusta.svg
Centre Party
Suomen Keskusta
(Centern i Finland)
Template:Langx
Template:Langx
Agrarianism (Nordic)
Liberalism
Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Antti Kaikkonen 1906 [2][3][4][6]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:Vihreät.svg
Green League
Vihreä liitto
(Gröna förbundet)
(Ruoná lihttu)
(Ruánáá litto)
(Ruânn lett)
Template:Party abbrev Green politics Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Sofia Virta 1987 [2][3][4]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:Vasemmistoliitto Logo 2018.svg
Left Alliance
Vasemmistoliitto
(Vänsterförbundet)
Template:Langx
Template:Langx
Democratic socialism
Eco-socialism
Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Minja Koskela 1990 [2][3][4]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:Ruotsalainen kansanpuolue Teillogo.svg
Swedish People's Party
Ruotsalainen kansanpuolue
(Svenska folkpartiet)
Template:Langx
Template:Langx
Swedish-speaking minority interests
Liberalism
Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Anders Adlercreutz 1906 [2][3][4][7]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:Christian Democrats (Finland) logo 2022.svg
Christian Democrats
Kristillisdemokraatit
(Kristdemokraterna)
Template:Party abbr Christian democracy
Social conservatism
Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Sari Essayah 1958 [2][3][4]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" |
File:Liike Nyt Party.png
Movement Now
Liike Nyt
(Rörelse Nu)
Template:Langx
Template:Langx
Economic liberalism Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Template:Composition bar Harry Harkimo 2018 [8][9][10][11]

Extra-parliamentary parties

Registered

Those parties that have received neither a seat in the Parliament of Finland nor in the European Parliament, but which are registered political parties, are listed below.

Party Ideology CCs Leader Founded Ref
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Animal Justice Party
Eläinoikeuspuolue
(Djurrättspartiet)
Template:Party abbr Animal rights 0 Tatu Chanth 2015 [2][3][4]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Power Belongs to the People
Valta kuuluu kansalle
Template:Party abbr Finnish ultranationalism
Russophilia
Vaccine hesitancy[12][13]
0 Antti Asikainen 2021 [2][4][14]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Crystal Party
Kristallipuolue
(Kristall Parti)
Template:Party abbr Spirituality
Anti-lockdown
0 Sanna Seesvalo 2013 [2][3][4][15]
width="5px" style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Communist Party of Finland
Suomen Kommunistinen Puolue
(Finlands Kommunistiska Parti)
Template:Party abbr Communism
Marxism–Leninism
0 Liisa Taskinen 1994 [2][3][4]
The Open Party
Avoin Puolue
Template:Party abbrev Liberalism
Open government
0 Thierry Botty van den Bruele 2020 [2][3][4][16]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Freedom Alliance
Vapauden liitto
Template:Party abbr Right-wing populism
National conservatism
0 Ossi Tiihonen 2022 [2]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Truth Party
Totuuspuolue
Template:Party abbrev National conservatism
Russophilia
0 Jaana Kavonius 2023 [17][18]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Liberal Party – Freedom to Choose
Liberaalipuolue - Vapaus valita
(Liberalpartiet - Frihet att välja)
Template:Party abbr Classical liberalism
Economic liberalism
1 Lassi Kivinen 2015 [19][2][3][4]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Blue-and-Black Movement
Sinimusta Liike
SML Neo-fascism 0 Tuukka Kuru 2021 [20][2]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Hemp Party
Hamppupuolue
(Hampapartiet)
HP Single-issue (cannabis) 0 Template:Ill 2022 [2]

De-registered

The parties listed below have previously held the status of a registered party, but have been de-registered.

Party Ideology Leader Founded Ref
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Kansalaisliitto
Kansalaisliitto
(Medborgarförbundet)
Template:Party abbr Direct democracy
Economic democracy
Päivi Järnfors 1994 [19][2][3][4]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Pirate Party
Piraattipuolue
(Piratpartiet)
Template:Party abbr Pirate politics
Social liberalism
Marek Nečada 2008 [19][2][3][4]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Feminist Party
Feministinen puolue
(Feministiska partiet)
Template:Party abbr Feminism Lauri Alhojärvi 2016 [19][2][3][4]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Communist Workers' Party
Kommunistinen Työväenpuolue
(Kommunistiska Arbetarpartiet)
Template:Party abbr Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Sanni Riihiaho 1988 [2][3][4]
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Change 2011
Muutos 2011
(Förändring 2011)
Template:Party abbr Direct democracy
Populism
2009 [4][21]

Historical parties

Parliamentary historical parties

Party Founded Dissolved
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Finnish Party
Script error: No such module "Lang".
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1863 1918
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Young Finnish Party
Script error: No such module "Lang".
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1894 1918
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Christian Workers' Union of Finland
Script error: No such module "Lang"., KTL
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1906 1922
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Template:Ill
Script error: No such module "Lang".
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1917 1918
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Communist Party of Finland
Script error: No such module "Lang"., SKP
Script error: No such module "Lang"., FKP
1918 1992
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | National Progressive Party
Script error: No such module "Lang".
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1918 1951
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Liberal Swedish Party
Script error: No such module "Lang".
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1919 1951
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Patriotic People's Movement
Script error: No such module "Lang".
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1932 1944
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | People's Party
Script error: No such module "Lang".
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1932 1936
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Finnish People's Democratic League
Script error: No such module "Lang"., SKDL
Script error: No such module "Lang"., DFFF
1945 1990
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Liberal League
Script error: No such module "Lang".
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1951 1965
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Liberals
Script error: No such module "Lang".
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1965 2011
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Finnish People's Unity Party
Script error: No such module "Lang"., SKYP
Script error: No such module "Lang"., EFF
1972 1983
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Constitutional Right Party
Script error: No such module "Lang"., POP
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1973 1992
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Democratic Alternative
Script error: No such module "Lang"., Deva
Script error: No such module "Lang"., DA
1986 1990
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Kirjava ”Puolue” – Elonkehän Puolesta
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1988 2003
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | People's Party of Finland
Script error: No such module "Lang".
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1951 1965
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Reform Group
Script error: No such module "Lang".
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1998 2001
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Finnish Rural Party
Script error: No such module "Lang"., SMP
Script error: No such module "Lang"., FLP
1959 1995
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Small Farmers Party
Script error: No such module "Lang".
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1936 1954
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Small Farmers' Party of Finland
Script error: No such module "Lang".
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1929 1936
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Socialist Electoral Organisation of Workers and Smallholders
Script error: No such module "Lang"., STPV
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1924 1930
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Socialist Workers' Party of Finland
Script error: No such module "Lang"., SSTP
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1920 1923
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Socialist Unity Party
Script error: No such module "Lang"., SYP
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1946 1955
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Social Democratic Union of Workers and Smallholders
Script error: No such module "Lang"., TPSL
Script error: No such module "Lang"., ASSF
1959 1973
style="background-color:Template:Party color" | Young Finns
Script error: No such module "Lang".
Script error: No such module "Lang".
1994 1999

Extra-parliamentary historical parties

File:Piraattipuolueen ja Itsenäisyyspuolueen vaalikontit.jpg
Election campaign stations for the Pirate Party and Independence Party, Narinkka, Helsinki.

See also

References

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External links

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