Pitch (sports field)

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Template:Short description Template:Refimprove A pitch or a sports ground is an outdoor playing area for various sports. The term pitch is most commonly used in British English, while the comparable term in Australian, American and Canadian English is playing field or sports field. For most sports the official term is field of play, although this is not regularly used by those outside refereeing/umpiring circles.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The field of play generally includes out-of-bounds areas that a player is likely to enter while playing a match, such as the area beyond the touchlines in association football and rugby or the sidelines in American and Canadian football, or the "foul territory" in baseball. The surface of a pitch is most commonly composed of sod (grass), but may also be artificial turf, sand, clay, gravel, concrete, or other materials. A playing field on ice may be referred to as a rink, for example an ice hockey rink, although rink may also refer to the entire building or, in the sport of curling, to either the building or a particular team. In the sport of cricket, the cricket pitch refers not to the entire field of play, but to the section of the field on which batting and bowling take place in the centre of the field. The pitch is prepared differently from the rest of the field, to provide a harder surface for bowling. A pitch is often a regulation space, as in an association football pitch. The term level playing field is also used metaphorically to mean fairness in non-sporting human activities such as business where there are notional winners and losers.[1]

Fields of play in various sports

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Field sizes

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Sport Regulated by Shape Field
length		 Total
length		 Width Total
width 		Depth/height Surface Diagram
Basque pelota (Jai-Alai) FIPV Rectangular cuboid 54 meters - 10 meters - 10 meters File:Plan jai alai 01.png
Bowling IBF Oblong rectangle Template:Convert Template:Convert wood or synthetic material File:20181228 Bowling lane WITH measurements.png
Canoe polo ICF Oblong rectangle 35 meters 23 meters water File:Terrain de kayak polo.png
Dodgeball WDA Oblong rectangle 17 meters - 8 meters - - File:Dodge court.png
Goalball IBSA Oblong rectangle 18 meters - 9 meters - wood, plastic or synthetic File:Goalball field diagram -en.svg
Korfball IKF Oblong rectangle 40 meters - 20 meters - File:Korfball field diagram -en.svg
Netball World Netball Oblong rectangle Template:Convert - Template:Convert - wood File:Netball field diagram -en.svg
Sepak takraw ISTAF Oblong rectangle Template:Convert - Template:Convert - File:Sepak Takraw court diagram.svg
Shinty Camanachd Association Oblong rectangle Template:Convert - Template:Convert - File:Camanachdfield.jpg
Aquatics
Swimming (Olympic) World Aquatics Cuboid 50 meters - 25 meters - 2-3 meters File:Swimming pool 50m 2008.svg
Swimming (short course) 25 meters - 20 meters - 2-2.5 meters
Waterpolo 25 meters - 20 meters - 1.8 meters File:Waterpolo-pool-diagram.svg
Basketball
3x3 FIBA Oblong rectangle 11 meters - 15 meters -
Basketball 28 meters - - File:Basketball - FIBA - field diagram -en.svg
NBA Template:Convert - Template:Convert - File:Basketball - NBA - field diagram -en.svg
Bat and ball sports
Baseball MLB Template:Convert[2] (distance from home plate apex to nearest center field fence) - Template:Convert[3] - grass File:Baseball field overview.svg
WBSC Template:Convert (distance from home plate apex to center field fence) - Distance between foul poles (each one are Template:Convert or more from home plate apex) -
Baseball5 Square Template:Convert Template:Convert Template:Convert Template:Convert Template:Convert (fence) File:Handmade Baseball5 field diagram.png
Softball[4] Circular quadrant Template:Convert (radius) - Template:Convert (radius) - File:Terrain de Softball.png
Vitilla Circular sextant Template:Convert (radius) - Template:Convert - -
Pesapallo Finnish Pesäpallo Association Irregular hexagon Template:Convert - Template:Convert - - File:Pesäpallo Field measurements (Men)-EN.svg
Rounders GAA Square 70 meters - 70 meters - .
Cricket ICC Oval Template:Convert - Template:Convert - - File:Cricket field M&W.svg
Indoor cricket WICF Rectangular cuboid 28-30 meters - 10.5-12 meters - 4-4.5 meters
Lapta Russian Lapta Federation Oblong rectangle 40-55 meters - 25-40 meters - File:Площадка для игры в лапту.jpg
Oină Romanian Oină Federation Oblong rectangle 70 meters 32 meters grass File:Oina Field Animation.gif
Schlagball Oblong rectangle + trapezium 70 meters plus an area between divergent diagonals of 140 meters behing rear flags 25 meters plus an area between divergent diagonals of 140 meters behing rear flags File:Schlagball-Spielfeld.jpg
Stoolball Stoolball England Circle Template:Convert (diameter) - Template:Convert (diameter) -
Boules
Boccia BISFed Oblong rectangle 12.5 meters - 6 meters - - polished concrete, wooden, natural or synthetic rubber. File:Cancha Boccia.jpg
Bocce volo WPBF Oblong rectangle 27.5 meters - 2.5-4 meters - File:TirProgressif.png
Petanque 15 meters - 4 meters -
Raffa 6.5 meters - 4-4.5 meters - natural ground or synthetic material
Combat sports
Amateur wrestling UWW Circle 9 meters (diameter) - 9 meters (diameter) - -
Fencing FIE Oblong rectangle 14 meters 17–18 meters 1.5 meters - - File:Piste d'escrime.svg
Karate WKF Square 8 meters 8 meters
Kickboxing (ring) WAKO Rectangular cuboid 5.2 meters - 5.2 meters - 1.32 meters felt, rubber
Mixed Martial Arts UFC[5] Octagonal prism Template:Convert - Template:Convert - Template:Convert
Taekwondo WT Octagon 8 meters - 8 meters - -
Cue sports
Carom WCBS Oblong rectangle 2.79-2.89 meters 3.065-3.115 meters 1.37-1.47 meters 1.6245-1.695 meters 0.787-0.837 meters File:Carom billiards table-dimensions.svg
Pool Rounded rectangle Template:Convert
Snooker Oblong rectangle Template:Convert Template:Convert Template:Convert
Cycling
Cycle ball (international) UCI Oblong rectangle 14 meters - 11 meters - - wood, parquet, chipboard, triplex, synthetic
Equestrian
Dressage FEI Oblong rectangle 60 meters - 20 meters - sand File:Dressage ring schema.svg
Polo FIP Oblong rectangle Template:Convert - Template:Convert - grass
Snow polo Template:Convert - Template:Convert - snow
Football codes
Soccer FIFA Oblong rectangle - - grass, artificial File:Association Football field diagram -en.svg
Beach soccer 35–37 meters - 26–28 meters - sand
Futsal
  • 25-42 meters
  • 38-42 meters (international)
 -
  • 16-25 meters
  • 20-25 meters (international)
 - wood, artificial
American IFAF Oblong rectangle Template:Convert Template:Convert Template:Convert - grass, artificial File:Acre over US and Associationl football field.svg
Flag[6] (standard) Template:Convert Template:Convert Template:Convert - - solid, sand File:Terrain flag football 5v5 (règles 2019).png
Indoor Rounded rectangle Template:Convert Template:Convert Template:Convert - artificial
Canadian Football Canada Oblong rectangle Template:Convert Template:Convert Template:Convert - grass, artificial File:Canadian football field with professional and amateur hashmarks.png
Rugby union World Rugby Oblong rectangle 94-100 meters 106-144 meters 68-70 meters - grass, sand, clay, snow, artificial File:RugbyPitchMetricDetailed.svg
Rugby league IRL 100 meters 112-122 meters 68 meters - grass File:NRL Rugby League field.svg
Australian rules (professional) AFL Commission Oval 135-185 meters - 110-155 meters - grass File:Aussie rules ground distances.svg
International rules AFL Commission and GAA Oblong rectangle 145 meters - 90 meters - File:International rules football field (metric).svg
Gaelic GAA 130–145 meters - 80–90 meters -
Gymnastics
Artistic (floor) FIG Square 11.97-12.03 meters 11.97-12.03 meters File:Praticable-plan.jpg
Artistic (vault) Oblong rectangle 32.2 meters 2.5 meters
Rhythmic Square 12.97-13.03 meters 12.97-13.03 meters
Handball
Indoor and wheelchair IHF Oblong rectangle 40 meters - 20 meters - File:Handball Field diagram -en.svg
Beach 27 meters - 12 meters - sand File:Beach Handball Field.svg
Hockey
Bandy FIB Oblong rectangle 100-110 meters - 60-65 meters - ice File:Bandy pitch metric.svg
Rink bandy 45-60 meters - 26-31 meters - Boards: 15-122 centimeters height
Field FIH Oblong rectangle Template:Convert - Template:Convert - File:Hockey field.svg
Indoor 36-44 meters - 18-22 meters - File:Indoor hockey field - it.svg
Beach 30-35 meters - 20-25 meters - sand
Ice IIHF Rounded cuboid 61 meters - 30 meters - Boards (1.07-2.4 meters height) + protective glass (1.8-4 meters height) + protective net ice File:Ice hockey layout.svg
NHL Template:Convert - Template:Convert -
Inline World Skate Rounded cuboid Template:Convert - Template:Convert - Boards: Template:Convert height sport tile, wood, asphalt or cement
Quad 34-44 meters - 17-22 meters - Boards: 1 meter height wood, cement File:Spielfeld Rollhockey.png
Unicycle IUF Rounded rectangle 35-45 meters - 20-25 meters -
Underwater CMAS Rectangular cuboid 21-25 meters - 12-15 meters - 2-3.65 meters File:Aire de jeu hockey subaquatique.jpg
Ice skating
Ice dance ISU Oblong rectangle 50-60 meters - 26-30 meters - ice
Speed skating (Short track) Stadium[7] 60 meters - 30 meters - -
Spped skating (Long track) 178 meters - 66 meters - - File:Speedskating rink 400 meters with dimensions.svg
Lacrosse
Field (men) World Lacrosse Oblong rectangle 110 meters - 60 meters -
Women 100 meters - 50-60 meters -
Box 55-61 meters - 24-28 meters - artificial turf, concrete
Sixes 70 meters - 36 meters -
Intercrosse Oblong rectangle 40 meters - 20 meters - wood
Racquet sports
Badminton BWF Oblong rectangle Template:Convert 17.4 meters
  • 8.18 meters
  • 9.1 meters (doubles)
 File:Badminton court.svg
Padel FIP Rectangular cuboid 19.9-20.1 meters - 9.95-10.05 meters - 4 meters File:Pádel-Feld.jpg
Squash (singles) WSF Cuboid 9.75 meters - 6.40 meters - 4.57 meters File:Squash Court (Singles WSF).svg
Squash (doubles) 9.75 meters - 8.42 meters - 4.57 meters
Table tennis ITTF Oblong rectangle 2.74 meters - 1.525 meters 76 centimeters

91.25 centimeters (including net)

File:Table Tennis Table Blue.svg
Tennis ITF Oblong rectangle Template:Convert 37 meters 18 meters clay, grass, hard File:Tennis court imperial.svg
Beach tennis 16 meters
  • 4.5 meters
  • 8 meters (doubles)
 sand
Tag games
Kabaddi (standard)[8] IKF Oblong rectangle 13 meters - 10 meters - -
Kabaddi (circle-style)[9] Circle 44 meters - 44 meters - -
Kho kho IKKF Oblong rectangle 27 meters 30 meters 16 meters 19 meters -
Kho kho (Ultimate)[10] 22 meters 26 meters 16 meters 20 meters -
Tchoukball
Tchoukball FITB Oblong rectangle 26-29 meters - 15-17 meters - File:Campo tchoukball 7vs7.svg
Beach 21-23 meters - 11-13 m - sand
Track and field
Indoor World Athletics Stadium 90.03 meters - 45.78 meters - - File:Short track indoor athletics track and field without inner track.webp
Outdoor 176.91 meters - 92.52 meters - - File:Pista di atletica.svg
Ultimate
Ultimate WFDF Oblong rectangle 64 meters 100 meters 37 meters - - File:Ultimate field WFDF rules.jpg
Beach Template:Convert Template:Convert Template:Convert - - sand
Volleyball
Volleyball FIVB Oblong rectangle 18 meters 24-31 m 9 meters 15-19 meters wooden, synthetic File:VolleyballCourt.svg
Beach 16 meters 20-28m 8 meters 18-20 meters sand
Snow 16 meters 22 meters 8 meters 14 meters snow
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Game court

Template:No sources Game court is one of the names for a multi-sport athletic space, typically constructed outdoors, where such games as basketball, volleyball, paddle tennis and other racquet sports, and up to a dozen more games and activities can be played. They are usually smaller than a regulation tennis (120' x 60')or basketball (84'x50')court, although there is no set dimensions or size for a game court. The game-court concept was popularized by Sport Court in the 1970s, and some generic references are made to game courts as 'sport courts', although that is a trademark of Connor Sport Court International, LLC. Game courts are often found in residential backyards, giving families and children opportunities for healthy recreation close to home. Game courts are usually constructed using a rectangular sub-base made from concrete or asphalt, then covered with an open-grid modular polypropylene (or similar) sports surface to improve safety. Most feature athletic equipment such as basketball goals, net systems for racquet sports, volleyball and badminton, lights for nighttime play, fencing or ball containment netting, hockey/soccer goals, lines or markings for various sports, and practice or training components can also be incorporated into the design.

Surface

The surface of a game court—as opposed to simply playing on concrete or asphalt—is designed for safe play and to reduce injury. Many people have started to use suspended athletic courts to cover old athletic courts like tennis courts and basketball courts. The surface should provide appropriate traction for various types of sports and activities, as well as shock or force reduction to minimize overuse and stress injuries. Game courts are typically custom-designed to the interests of the family or organization, and are versatile in enabling a wide variety of sports to be played in a relatively small space. Some activities played on a game court are enjoyable modifications of other sports (such as short-court tennis) that allow for similar skills to be developed as the 'regulation' game, but on a reduced-scale court size. A typical game court of Template:Convert might include a basketball key and 3-point line arranged around a hoop, overlaid by short-court tennis or pickleball lines (which can also be used for volleyball or badminton) along the longer dimension.

Ball containment

Game courts for private use will frequently be built with a high fence surrounding the surface to allow for containment of the ball used in play, and, if required, to prevent people from entering. Any of several materials have been used, including chain-link fencing, welded wire mesh fence, and fabric mesh or netting.

See also

References

Template:Reflist Template:Sister project Template:Sport Template:Authority control

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ http://web.mit.edu/~xsdg/Public/papers/himcm-2003.pdf "The width is the distance between foul poles... the Twins’ field width (473.9 ft) and the Braves’ field width (470.2 ft) is not significant. However, the difference between the Rockies’ and Yankees’ field widths (492.9 ft and 446.9 ft, respectively) is very significant."
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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