Pike County, Illinois

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Pike County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. It is located between the Mississippi River and the Illinois River in western Illinois. According to the 2020 United States census, it had a population of 14,739.[1] Its county seat is Pittsfield.[2]

History

Pike County was formed in January 1821 out of Edwards and Madison Counties. It was named in honor of Zebulon Pike, leader of the Pike Expedition in 1806 to map out the south and west portions of the Louisiana Purchase. Pike served at the Battle of Tippecanoe, and was killed in 1813 in the War of 1812.

Prior to the coming of the first European settler to the future Pike County, French traders, hunters, and travelers passed through the native forests and prairies. Originally Pike County began on the south junction of the Illinois and Mississippi rivers. The east boundary was the Illinois River north to the Kankakee River to the Indiana State line on north to Wisconsin territorial line and then west to the Mississippi River to the original point at the south end. The first county seat was Cole's Grove, a post town, in what later became Calhoun County. The Gazetteer of Illinois and Missouri, published in 1822, mentioned Chicago as "a village of Pike County" containing 12 or 15 houses and about 60 or 70 inhabitants.

The New Philadelphia Town Site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005, designated a National Historic Landmark in 2009, and established as a National Park in 2022. Founded by Frank McWorter, an early free black settler in Pike County, it was the first town founded by a black man in the United States. McWorter had invested in land there sight unseen after purchasing the first few members of his family out of slavery. In 1836 he founded the town of New Philadelphia, near Barry. He was elected mayor and lived there the rest of his life. With the sale of land, he made enough money to purchase the freedom of his children. After the railroad bypassed the town, its growth slowed and it was eventually abandoned in the 20th century. The town site is now an archaeological site.

In the early 21st century, Pike County acquired notability as a whitetail deer hunting center, especially for bowhunting.

Geography

According to the US Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". is land and Script error: No such module "convert". (2.1%) is water.[4]

Pike County is located on the highlands between the Illinois River, which forms its eastern border, and the Mississippi River, which borders Missouri. It has two interstate highways, I-72, with bridges spanning both rivers to enter the county, and I-172 which extends about Script error: No such module "convert". into the county to its intersection with I-72.

Climate and weather

Pittsfield, Illinois
Climate chart (explanation)
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1.7
 
 
33
15
 
 
1.8
 
 
40
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2.6
 
 
38
21
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches
Source: The Weather Channel[5]
Metric conversion
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44
 
 
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26
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72
 
 
19
6
 
 
86
 
 
11
−1
 
 
66
 
 
3
−6
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm

In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Pittsfield have ranged from a low of Script error: No such module "convert". in January to a high of Script error: No such module "convert". in July, although a record low of Script error: No such module "convert". was recorded in February 1905 and a record high of Script error: No such module "convert". was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from Script error: No such module "convert". in January to Script error: No such module "convert". in May.[5]

Major highways

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Adjacent counties

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Pike County is one of the few US counties to border as many as nine counties. Illinois has two – Pike and LaSalle.

National protected area

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
18302,396—
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190031,595Script error: No such module "String".%
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192026,866Script error: No such module "String".%
193024,357Script error: No such module "String".%
194025,340Script error: No such module "String".%
195022,155Script error: No such module "String".%
196020,552Script error: No such module "String".%
197019,185Script error: No such module "String".%
198018,896Script error: No such module "String".%
199017,577Script error: No such module "String".%
200017,384Script error: No such module "String".%
201016,430Script error: No such module "String".%
202014,739Script error: No such module "String".%
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US Decennial Census[7]
1790-1960[8] 1900-1990[9]
1990-2000[10] 2010[11]

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2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 14,739. The median age was 43.0 years. 22.7% of residents were under the age of 18 and 22.7% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 98.1 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 95.7 males age 18 and over.[12]

The racial makeup of the county was 94.8% White, 0.5% Black or African American, 0.3% American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.3% Asian, <0.1% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 0.7% from some other race, and 3.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 1.8% of the population.[13]

<0.1% of residents lived in urban areas, while 100.0% lived in rural areas.[14]

There were 6,138 households in the county, of which 27.6% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 49.1% were married-couple households, 18.5% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 25.1% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 30.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[12]

There were 7,260 housing units, of which 15.5% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 77.4% were owner-occupied and 22.6% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.2% and the rental vacancy rate was 12.9%.[12]

Racial and ethnic composition

Pike County, Illinois – Racial and ethnic composition
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Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980[15] Pop 1990[16] Pop 2000[17] Pop 2010[18] Pop 2020[19] % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 18,760 17,444 16,868 15,802 13,874 99.28% 99.24% 97.03% 96.18% 94.13%
Black or African American alone (NH) 9 8 260 274 63 0.05% 0.05% 1.50% 1.67% 0.43%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 23 24 29 24 33 0.12% 0.14% 0.17% 0.15% 0.22%
Asian alone (NH) 20 32 41 38 43 0.11% 0.18% 0.24% 0.23% 0.29%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x [20] x [21] 5 4 6 x x 0.03% 0.02% 0.04%
Other race alone (NH) 8 0 5 4 20 0.04% 0.00% 0.03% 0.02% 0.14%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x [22] x [23] 89 112 438 x x 0.51% 0.68% 2.97%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 76 69 87 172 262 0.40% 0.39% 0.50% 1.05% 1.78%
Total 18,896 17,577 17,384 16,430 14,739 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States census, there were 16,430 people, 6,639 households, and 4,527 families residing in the county.[24] The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 7,951 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert"..[4] The racial makeup of the county was 96.9% white, 1.7% black or African American, 0.2% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 0.2% from other races, and 0.7% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.0% of the population.[24] In terms of ancestry, 26.3% were German, 16.8% were American, 15.1% were English, and 13.4% were Irish.[25]

Of the 6,639 households, 30.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.5% were married couples living together, 9.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 31.8% were non-families, and 27.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.87. The median age was 42.5 years.[24]

The median income for a household in the county was $40,205 and the median income for a family was $50,426. Males had a median income of $39,071 versus $26,835 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,996. About 11.3% of families and 15.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.7% of those under age 18 and 11.2% of those age 65 or over.[26]

Politics

Pike County was reliably Democratic from 1892 through 1948; only 2 Republican Party nominees carried the county vote during that period. However, it was a national bellwether in every presidential election from 1912 to 2004 aside from 1924 & 1988. Since 2000, the county has become a Republican stronghold, with Donald Trump winning it in the 2016 presidential election by a margin of 57.6 points.

The county is located in Illinois's 15th Congressional District and is currently represented by Republican Mary Miller. In the Illinois General Assembly, the county is located in the 50th legislative district and the 100th house district represented by Senator Steve McClure and Representative C. D. Davidsmeyer.[27]

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Education

School districts include:[28]

Communities

Settlements

Settlement Population[29] Type Townships
Barry 1,303 City Barry
Baylis 172 Village New Salem
Detroit 76 Village Detroit
El Dara 63 Village Derry
Florence 17 Village Detroit
Griggsville 1,097 City Griggsville
Hull 392 Village Kinderhook
Kinderhook 189 Village Barry, Kinderhook
Milton 214 Village Montezuma
Nebo 282 Village Spring Creek
New Canton 334 Town Pleasant Vale
New Salem 121 Village New Salem
Pearl 103 Village Pearl
Perry 314 Village Perry
Pittsfield† 4,206 City Newburg, Pittsfield
Pleasant Hill 924 Village Pleasant Hill
Rockport 67 CDP Atlas
Time 26 Village Hardin
Valley City 14 Village Flint

† – County seat

Townships

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Unincorporated communities

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Ghost towns

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See also

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  3. ↑ White, Jesse. Origin and Evolution of Illinois Counties. State of Illinois, March 2010. Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  20. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census
  21. ↑ included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census
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  23. ↑ not an option in the 1990 Census
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External links

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