Pelasgia, Phthiotis
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Pelasgia (Template:Langx, formerly Γαρδίκι, Gardiki),[1] is a town and a former municipality in Phthiotis, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Stylida, of which it is a municipal unit.[2] The municipal unit has an area of 128.334 km2, the community 52.089 km2.[3] In the 2021 census, the municipal unit of Pelasgia numbered 2,383 inhabitants, the town proper 1,442.[4]
History
The village is located at the northern entrance of the Malian Gulf, some 2 km south of the acropolis of the ancient city of Larissa Kremaste.Template:Sfn
The ancient city is still mentioned until the early Byzantine period, but was abandoned after the Slavic invasions of the 7th century and reappears only in the 11th century under the new, Slavic, name of Gardiki,Template:Sfn which the settlement bore until 1927, when it was renamed to Pelasgia.[1]
In the 11th century, Gardiki—referred to in Byzantine sources also as hetera Gardikia (ἑτέρα Γαρδικία), "the other Gardiki", to distinguish it from the town of the same name near Trikala—was an episcopal see (a suffragan see of the Metropolis of Larissa).Template:Sfn The Jewish traveller Benjamin of Tudela, who visited it in 1165, found it almost deserted, with only a few Greek and Jewish families resident.Template:Sfn Nevertheless, under Emperor Isaac II Angelos in 1189 it is listed as among the metropolitan sees, albeit without any suffragans.Template:Sfn A manuscript list indicates that there was a Greek bishop named John in 1191–92.[5]
In the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade, the town came under Frankish rule, and was known as Gardichy, Cardiche, Lacardica, and Gaudica.Template:Sfn The local see accordingly came under the Latin Church.[5] Gams[6] mentions five Latin bishops from 1208 to 1389, the first being Bartholomew, to whom many letters of Pope Innocent III are addressed;[5] Bartholomew was also bishop of Velestino and Demetrias,Template:Sfn and seems to have been the only residential Latin bishop.[7]
In 1222 it was recovered by the Epirote Greeks and the see was restored to its Greek Orthodox clergy, becoming an archbishopric and eventually again a metropolis.Template:Sfn In 1275 it was ceded by the ruler of Thessaly, John I Doukas, along with Zetounion, Gravia, and Siderokastron, to the Duchy of Athens as part of the dowry of his daughter Helena Angelina Komnene.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn In ca. 1294 the town was granted by the Duke of Athens Guy II de la Roche to Boniface of Verona, who held its lordship at least until the Battle of Halmyros in 1311.Template:Sfn
Along with other towns in southern Thessaly such as Domokos and Pharsalus, in the mid-1320s Gardiki came briefly under the rule of the Catalan Company, which had taken over the Duchy of Athens in the aftermath of Halmyros.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn Latin bishops of the Dioecesis Cardicensis are still mentioned in 1363 and ca. 1396.Template:Sfn The town surrendered to the Ottoman Turks after the fall of Euboea in 1470, and its inhabitants were deported to Constantinople.Template:Sfn
The diocese is today listed by the Roman Catholic Church as a titular see.[8]
The substantial boundary walls of the ancient acropolis are still visible, and mosaics from an early Christian basilica have been uncovered a short distance away near the shore.
References
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- ↑ a b c Sophrone Pétridès, "Cardica" in Catholic Encyclopedia (New York 1908)
- ↑ Pius Bonifacius Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae, Leipzig 1931, p. 432
- ↑ Konrad Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, vol. 1 Template:Webarchive, pp. 166–167; vol. 3 Template:Webarchive, p. 153; vol. 4 Template:Webarchive, p. 135; vol. 5, p. 143
- ↑ Annuario Pontificio 2013 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 Template:ISBN), "Sedi titolari", p. 858
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