Pazz & Jop

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Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates

A man wearing a plaid-red shirt speaks into a microphone.
Music critic Robert Christgau created the Pazz & Jop poll[1] and presided over it from its inception in 1971 to 2005.

Pazz & Jop was an annual poll of top musical releases, compiled by American newspaper The Village Voice and created by music critic Robert Christgau. It published lists of the year's top releases for 1971 and, after Christgau's two-year absence from the Voice, each year from 1974 onward. The polls were tabulated from the submitted year-end top 10 lists of hundreds of music critics.[2][3] It was named in acknowledgement of the defunct magazine Jazz & Pop, and adopted the ratings system used in that publication's annual critics poll.[4]

History

The Pazz & Jop was introduced by The Village Voice in 1971 as an album-only poll;[5] it was expanded to include votes for singles in 1979.[6] Throughout the years, other minor lists had been elicited from poll respondents for releases such as extended plays,[7] music videos,[8] album re-issues,[9] and compilation albums—all of which were discontinued after only a few years.[10] The Pazz & Jop albums poll uses a points system to formulate list rankings.[11] Participating critics assigned a number value, ranging from 5 to 30, to each of the albums on their top 10 list, with all 10 albums totaling 100 points.[11] The singles lists, however, are always unweighted.[11]

The Pazz & Jop was created by Village Voice critic Robert Christgau.[12] The idea behind its name (a spoonerism of Jazz & Pop) was that, since the words "pazz" and "jop" do not exist, participating critics would judge a musical work on its own merits rather than be distracted by categories and genres.[13] In 1971, English rock band the Who topped the first Pazz & Jop albums poll with Who's Next.[14] The following year, Christgau left The Village Voice for Newsday,[15] and the poll was not conducted again until 1974,[16] when Christgau returned to the Voice[17] and the poll "became an institution", according to fellow Voice critic Chris Molanphy.[16] English singer Ian Dury and his band the Blockheads topped the first singles poll with "Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick" (1979).[14][13] Bob Dylan and Kanye West topped the albums poll the most number of times, with four number-one albums each. West, in addition, won the singles poll of 2005. Christgau oversaw the Pazz & Jop poll for more than thirty years; he also wrote an accompanying essay that discussed the poll's contents.[18][19]

Writing in 2002, author Bernard Gendron cited the lack of overlap between the 1999 poll results and that year's best-selling albums on BillboardTemplate:'s US charts—whereby only five of Pazz & Jop's top 40 appeared in the Billboard list—as indicative of a continued division between the avant-garde aesthetic of cultural accreditation and commercial considerations.[20] Although Pazz & Jop established itself as a critics' poll with a clear identity, it has attracted criticism, particularly for its methodology. Addressing the participants in 2001, Mike Doughty of the New York Press complained: "In the guise of a love of music, you've taken the most beautiful nebulous form of human expression, squeezed it through an asinine points-scoring system specially cooked up for this pointless perennial, and forced it into this baffling, heinous chart system."[13]

Later years

Christgau's tenure as Pazz & Jop overseer came to an abrupt end when he was controversially fired from The Village Voice after a company buy-out in August 2006.[21] In response to his dismissal, several prominent critics publicly announced that they would no longer be turning in their lists for the poll; Sasha Frere-Jones of The New Yorker described Christgau's firing as "a slap in the face to so many of us [critics] in so many ways".[22] Regardless, The Village Voice continued to run the feature, with Rob Harvilla succeeding Christgau as music editor and overseer of the poll.[23] Christgau's annual Pazz & Jop overview essay was discontinued and substituted with multiple retrospective articles of the year's music written by a selection of critics.[24]

In 2016, the poll's name was changed from Pazz & Jop to the Village Voice Music Critics Poll by the new owners of the newspaper.[25] Christgau, who had continued to vote in the poll since his departure from the newspaper, expressed dismay at the name change.[25] When the 2016 results were announced in January 2017, the poll had reverted to its Pazz & Jop name.[26]

The Village Voice ceased publication altogether in August 2018.[27] Despite the closure of the newspaper, a Pazz & Jop poll for 2018 was announced on December 20, with Christgau confirming its legitimacy on Twitter.[28] The 2018 poll was published on the Village Voice's website on February 6, 2019.[29]

Glenn Boothe and Keith Artin had organised a "Village Voice Pazz & Jop Rip-Off Poll" starting in 1995 and created a Facebook Group for the poll in 2019.[30][31] The poll was conducted via private Facebook group and included over 1,100 members—music writers, business execs, or artists themselves. Purple Mountains' eponymous album was voted the best album of 2019.[32] Uproxx also launched an annual music critic poll in 2018.

Albums voted number one

A gray-haired man wearing a hat plays a guitar.
American musician Bob Dylan topped the Pazz & Jop albums poll four times.
Two African-American men rap into microphones whilst on stage. One wears a blonde wig, a grey jacket and blue trousers, and the other wears a green checkered hat, a white shirt and khaki shorts.
Speakerboxxx/The Love Below (2003) by American hip hop duo Outkast garnered the most total points of any number-one album in the history of the poll.
A man holding a microphone in his right hand whilst on stage. He wears a black T-shirt with a tiger-like face on it, tight leather pants, and a kilk.
American hip-hop artist Kanye West topped the Pazz & Jop albums poll four times out of the eight solo albums he released during the poll's existence.
Year Artist Album Mentions Points Ref.
1971 Template:Sortname Who's Next Template:Sort 540 [14]
1974 Template:Sortname Court and Spark Template:Nts 186 [33]
1975 Template:Sortname and Template:Sortname Template:Sort Template:Nts 285 [34]
1976 Template:Sortname Songs in the Key of Life Template:Nts 292 [35]
1977 Sex Pistols Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols Template:Nts 412 [36]
1978 Template:Sortname and Template:Sortname This Year's Model Template:Nts 783 [37]
1979 Template:Sortname Squeezing Out Sparks Template:Nts 767 [6]
1980 Template:Sortname London Calling Template:Nts 1,347 [38]
1981 Template:Sortname Sandinista! Template:Nts 862 [39]
1982 Template:Sortname and Template:Sortname Imperial Bedroom Template:Nts 1,061 [40]
1983 Template:Sortname Thriller Template:Nts 1,305 [41]
1984 Template:Sortname Born in the U.S.A. Template:Nts 1,757 [42]
1985 Talking Heads Little Creatures Template:Nts 1,078 [43]
1986 Template:Sortname Graceland Template:Nts 1,131 [44]
1987 Prince Sign o' the Times Template:Nts 1,491 [45]
1988 Public Enemy It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back Template:Nts 1,011 [46]
1989 De La Soul 3 Feet High and Rising Template:Nts 1,050 [47]
1990 Template:Sortname and Crazy Horse Ragged Glory Template:Nts 1,282 [48]
1991 Nirvana Nevermind Template:Nts 1,699 [49]
1992 Arrested Development 3 Years, 5 Months & 2 Days in the Life Of... Template:Nts 1,050 [50]
1993 Template:Sortname Exile in Guyville Template:Nts 1,383 [51]
1994 Hole Live Through This Template:Nts 1,552 [52]
1995 Template:Sortname To Bring You My Love Template:Nts 1,492 [53]
1996 Beck Odelay Template:Nts 1,134 [54]
1997 Template:Sortname Time Out of Mind Template:Nts 1,655 [55]
1998 Template:Sortname Car Wheels on a Gravel Road Template:Nts 2,129 [56]
1999 Moby Play Template:Nts 1,548 [57]
2000 Outkast Stankonia Template:Nts 2,660 [58]
2001 Template:Sortname Love and Theft Template:Nts 3,010 [59]
2002 Wilco Yankee Hotel Foxtrot Template:Nts 2,328 [60]
2003 Outkast Speakerboxxx/The Love Below Template:Nts 3,554 [61]
2004 Template:Sortname Template:Sort Template:Nts 2,826 [62]
2005 Template:Sortname Late Registration Template:Nts 2,525 [63]
2006 Template:Sortname Modern Times Template:Nts 1,123 [64]
2007 LCD Soundsystem Sound of Silver Template:Nts 1,662 [65]
2008 TV on the Radio Dear Science Template:Nts 1,744 [66]
2009 Animal Collective Merriweather Post Pavilion Template:Nts 1,794 [67]
2010 Template:Sortname My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy Template:Nts 3,250 [68]
2011 Tune-Yards Whokill Template:Nts 1,645 [69]
2012 Template:Sortname Channel Orange Template:Nts 1,952 [70]
2013 Template:Sortname Yeezus Template:Nts 1,991 [71]
2014 D'Angelo and the Vanguard Black Messiah Template:Nts 2,008 [72]
2015 Template:Sortname To Pimp a Butterfly Template:Nts 2,639 [73]
2016 Template:Sortname Blackstar Template:Nts 2,367 [74]
2017 Template:Sortname Damn Template:Sort 1,756 [75]
2018 Template:Sortname Golden Hour Template:Nts 1,155 [29][76]

Singles voted number one

File:Ian Dury 1.jpg
English musician Ian Dury performed "Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick", which topped the first singles poll in 1979.
File:Missy Elliot.jpg
American rapper Missy Elliott is the only artist with two consecutive Pazz & Jop number-one singles: "Get Ur Freak On" and "Work It".
Year Artist Single Mentions Ref.
1979 Template:Sortname and Template:Sortname "Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick"/"Reasons to be Cheerful, Part 3" 29 [6]
1980 Template:Sortname "Template:Sort" 40 [38]
1981 Template:Sortname "O Superman"/"Walk the Dog" 56 [39]
Template:Sortname "Start Me Up"
1982 Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five "Template:Sort" 156 [40]
1983 Template:Sortname "Billie Jean" 75 [41]
1984 Prince "When Doves Cry"/"17 Days" 111 [42]
1985 Artists United Against Apartheid "Sun City" 101 [43]
1986 Run–D.M.C. "Walk This Way" 78 [44]
1987 Prince "Sign o' the Times" 54 [45]
1988 Template:Sortname "Fast Car" 55 [46]
1989 Public Enemy "Fight the Power" 75 [47]
1990 Deee-Lite "Groove Is in the Heart"/"What Is Love?" 74 [48]
1991 Nirvana "Smells Like Teen Spirit" 116 [49]
1992 Arrested Development "Tennessee" 100 [50]
1993 Template:Sortname "Cannonball" 78 [51]
1994 Beck "Loser" 89 [52]
1995 Coolio featuring L.V. "Gangsta's Paradise" 81 [53]
1996 Quad City DJ's "C'mon N' Ride It (The Train)" 34 [54]
1997 Hanson "MMMBop" 96 [55]
1998 Fatboy Slim "Template:Sort" 110 [56]
1999 TLC "No Scrubs" 109 [57]
2000 Outkast "Ms. Jackson" 124 [58]
2001 Template:Sortname "Get Ur Freak On" 176 [59]
2002 Template:Sortname "Work It" 212 [60]
2003 Outkast "Hey Ya!" 322 [61]
2004 Franz Ferdinand "Take Me Out" 145 [62]
2005 Template:Sortname featuring Template:Sortname "Gold Digger" 145 [63]
2006 Gnarls Barkley "Crazy" 151 [64]
2007 Template:Sortname "Rehab" 97 [65]
2008 M.I.A. "Paper Planes" 107 [77]
2009 Jay-Z featuring Template:Sortname "Empire State of Mind" 89 [78]
2010 Template:Sortname "Fuck You" 187 [79]
2011 Adele "Rolling in the Deep" 116 [80]
2012 Template:Sortname "Call Me Maybe" 94 [81]
2013 Daft Punk featuring Template:Sortname "Get Lucky" 117 [82]
2014 Future Islands "Seasons (Waiting on You)" 75 [83]
2015 Drake "Hotline Bling" 76 [84]
2016 Beyoncé "Formation" 99 [85]
2017 Cardi B "Bodak Yellow" 62 [75]
2018 Childish Gambino "This Is America" 64 [86]

Defunct categories

Compilation albums

Year Artist Album Mentions Ref.
1995 Various artists Macro Dub Infection: Volume One 28 [53]
1996 Template:Sortname Logical Progression 11 [54]

Album re-issues

Year Artist Album Mentions Ref.
1986 Template:Sortname Treacherous: A History of the Neville Brothers (1955–1985) 43 [44]
1987 Template:Sortname At the Dark End of the Street 35 [45]
1988 Template:Sortname Template:Sort 35 [46]
1989 Template:Sortname Template:Sort 65 [47]
1990 Template:Sortname Template:Sort 108 [48]
1991 Template:Sortname Star Time 84 [49]
1992 Template:Sortname Songs of Freedom 51 [50]
1993 Template:Sortname Good Vibrations: Thirty Years of The Beach Boys 42 [51]
1994 Template:Sortname Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1923–1934) 34 [52]
1995 Template:Sortname Peel Slowly and See 57 [53]
1996 Template:Sortname Template:Sort 25 [54]
1997 Various artists Anthology of American Folk Music 100 [55]
1998 Various artists Nuggets: Original Artyfacts from the First Psychedelic Era, 1965–1968 111 [56]
1999 Os Mutantes Everything Is Possible: The Best of Os Mutantes 31 [57]
Various artists Loud, Fast and Out of Control: The Wild Sounds of '50s Rock

Extended plays

File:Pavement, the band, in Tokyo.jpg
Perfect Sound Forever and Watery, Domestic by American indie rock band Pavement were voted the number-one extended plays of their respective release years.
Year Artist Album Mentions Ref.
1981 Template:Sortname Ghost Town 44 [39]
1982 Template:Sortname Trap Door 75 [40]
1983 Los Lobos ...And a Time to Dance 54 [41]
1984 Template:Sortname Places That Are Gone 32 [42]
1985 Template:Sortname Feudalist Tarts 32 [43]
1986 Template:Sortname No Sex 27 [44]
1988 Template:Sortname Chimes of Freedom 13 [46]
1989 Template:Sortname Passionate Kisses 17 [47]
1990 Template:Sortname F.U.N. '90 27 [48]
1991 Pavement Perfect Sound Forever 26 [49]
1992 Pavement Watery, Domestic 23 [50]
1993 Luscious Jackson In Search of Manny 31 [51]
1994 Pizzicato Five Five by Five 15 [52]

Music videos

A sideview of two rock musicians performing onstage.
American rock band Nirvana topped the music videos poll for three consecutive years.
Year Artist Music video Director(s) Mentions Ref.
1983 Template:Sortname "Beat It" Template:Sortname 63 [41]
1984 Art of Noise "Close (To the Edit)" Template:Sortname 35 [42]
1985 Artists United Against Apartheid "Sun City" Template:Sortname, Godley & Creme 68 [43]
1986 Template:Sortname "Sledgehammer" Template:Sortname 87 [44]
1987 Squeeze "Hourglass" Template:Sortname 12 [45]
1990 Deee-Lite "Groove Is in the Heart" Template:Sortname 35 [48]
Madonna "Justify My Love" Template:Sortname
1991 Nirvana "Smells Like Teen Spirit" Template:Sortname 59 [49]
1992 Nirvana "In Bloom" Template:Sortname 23 [50]
1993 Nirvana "Heart-Shaped Box" Template:Sortname 34 [51]
1994 Beastie Boys "Sabotage" Template:Sortname 66 [52]
1995 Björk "It's Oh So Quiet" Template:Sortname 33 [53]

References

Template:Reflist

External links

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  25. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Template:Cite tweet
  29. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  38. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  49. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  51. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  53. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  54. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  55. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  56. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  57. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  58. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  60. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  61. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  62. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  63. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  64. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  73. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  75. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  76. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  82. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  83. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  84. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  85. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  86. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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