Patrol boat

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File:Iraqi Patrol boat Fatah.jpg
Fateh, a Diciotti-class offshore patrol vessel in service with the Iraqi Navy

A patrol boat (also referred to as a patrol craft, patrol ship, or patrol vessel) is a relatively small naval vessel generally designed for coastal defence, border security, or law enforcement. There are many designs for patrol boats, and they generally range in size. They may be operated by a nation's navy, coast guard, police, or customs, and may be intended for marine ("blue water"), estuarine ("green water"), or river ("brown water") environments.

Per their name, patrol boats are primarily used to patrol a country's exclusive economic zone (EEZ), but they may also be used in other roles, such as anti-smuggling, anti-piracy, fishery patrols, immigration law enforcement, or search and rescue. Depending on the size, organization, and capabilities of a nation's armed forces, the importance of patrol boats may range from minor support vessels that are part of a coast guard, to flagships that make up a majority of a navy's fleet. Their small size and relatively low cost make them one of the most common naval vessels in the world.

There exist following sort of patrol boats: patrol boat fast (PBF), patrol boat with surface-to-surface missile (PBG), patrol boat inshore (PBI), patrol boat with SAM (PBM), patrol boat riverine (PBR), patrol boat with torpedo (PBT).[1]

Classification

File:Police patrol boat Kawachi.JPG
Kawachi, a patrol boat in service with the Osaka Prefectural Police

The classification of a patrol boat is often subjective, but they are generally small naval vessels that are used to patrol national waters or a certain jurisdiction. They may be as large as a corvette or even a frigate, though the term may also be used for vessels as small as a yacht or rigid inflatable boat. They can include fast attack craft, torpedo boats, and missile boats. They may be broadly classified as inshore patrol vessels (IPVs) or offshore patrol vessels (OPVs). OPVs and medium size cutters are usually the smallest ship in a navy's fleet that are large and seaworthy enough to patrol off-shore in the open ocean, while IPVs are typically too small to do so and are instead kept in lakes or rivers, or close to coasts; IPVs specifically used in rivers can also be called "riverine patrol vessels". Large patrol vessels, Heavy patrol vessels and Large cutters are the largest type of patrol ships and are typically more than 100 m (330 ft) in length.

Seagoing patrol boats are typically around 30 m (100 ft) in length and usually carry a single medium caliber artillery gun as main armament, and a variety of lighter secondary armament such as machine guns, while others include the sophisticated close-in weapon system. Depending on their role, vessels in this class may also have more sophisticated sensors and fire control systems that would enable them to carry torpedoes, anti-ship missiles, and surface-to-air missiles.[2]

History

File:Pce-872c.jpg
PCE-872, a World War II patrol craft escort of the U.S. Navy

During both World Wars, in order to rapidly build up numbers, all sides created auxiliary patrol boats by arming motorboats and seagoing fishing trawlers with machine guns and obsolete naval weapons. Some modern patrol vessels are still based on fishing and leisure boats.

The United States Navy operated the Template:Sclass of armed hydrofoils for years in a patrol boat role. During the Vietnam War, the U.S. Navy ordered 193 aluminum hulled Patrol Craft, Fast (PCFs),[3] also known as Swiftboats, for brown water naval operations. The Patrol Boat, River (PBR, sometimes called "Riverine" and "Pibber") was a fiberglass hulled vessel also designed and used for inland river operations during the Vietnam War, and became an icon of water operations during the war due to its use in the 1979 film Apocalypse Now.

Most modern designs are powered by gas turbine arrangements such as CODAG, and speeds are generally in the Template:Convert range. The largest OPVs might also have a flight deck and helicopter embarked. In times of crisis or war, these vessels are expected to support the larger vessels in a navy, though some smaller navies are mostly composed of just patrol boats.

Specific nations

Albania

File:Patrol Boat Iliria.jpg
Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., an example of a modern patrol boat of the Albanian Naval Force

Albanian Naval Force

Algeria

Algerian National Navy

Argentina

File:Rio Uruguay garde cote argentin.jpg
Argentine Naval Prefecture's GC67 patrol vessel

Argentine Naval Prefecture

Argentine Navy

Australia

Royal Australian Navy

File:HMAS Armidale Darling Harbour.jpg
HMAS Armidale of the Royal Australian Navy

Australian Border Force Marine Unit

Others

  • Template:Sclass2 (1987–2023) – Australian-built, gifted by the Australian Government to 12 Pacific Island countries (Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". appears to be the last boat in service as of November 2022)
  • Template:Sclass2 (2018–present) – Australian-built replacements for the Template:Sclass2, gifted to the same 12 Pacific Island nations and Timor-Leste

Bahamas

Royal Bahamas Defence Force

Bahrain

Royal Bahrain Naval Force

35m Fast Patrol Vessels- USA -built by Swiftships, Commissioned in 2021 [5]

Bangladesh

The Bangladesh Navy classified its medium size patrol ships as large patrol craft (LPC) which are armed with either anti-ship missiles or torpedoes. Those ships typically have heavier armaments but less range than OPVs.[6][7]

Bangladesh Navy

Large patrol craft
  • Template:Sclass
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Offshore patrol vessel
Inshore patrol vessel
ASW patrol boat
Patrol gunboat

Bangladesh Coast Guard

File:Coast Guard Ship (Bangladesh).jpg
Leader-class OPVs of Bangladesh Coast Guard
Offshore patrol vessel
Inshore patrol vessel
Fast patrol vessel
Coastal patrol vessel
Riverine patrol craft

Border Guard Bangladesh

Patrol vessel

Barbados

Barbados Coast Guard

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Belgium

Brazil

Brunei

  • Template:Sclass offshore patrol vessel
  • Template:Sclass patrol vessel
  • KH 27-class patrol boat
  • FDB 512-class patrol boat
  • Bendaharu-class patrol vessel
  • Perwira-class patrol vessel
  • Saleha-class patrol vessel
  • Pahlawan-class patrol vessel

Bulgaria

Canada

Royal Canadian Navy

  • Template:Sclass (1996–present)
  • Template:Sclass (2006–present)
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Canadian Coast Guard

Cape Verde

Cape Verdean Coast Guard

Chile

Chilean Navy

File:Botadura al mar de la embarcación “Cabo Odger” (28640402542).jpg
Cabo Odger (OPV-84), a Template:Sclass of the Chilean Navy

China (PRC)

People's Liberation Army Navy

  • Harbour security boat (PBI) – four newly built 80-ton class harbour security / patrol boats, and more are planned in order to take over the port security / patrol duties currently performed by the obsolete Shantou, Beihai, Huangpu, and Yulin-class gunboats, which are increasingly being converted to inshore surveying boats and range support boats
  • Shanghai III (Type 062I)-class gunboat – 2
  • Shanghai II-class gunboat
  • Shanghai I (Type 062)-class gunboat – 150+ active and at least 100 in reserve
  • Huludao (Type 206)-class gunboat – 8+
  • Template:Sclass – less than 25 (in reserve, subordinated to naval militia)
  • Template:Sclass2 – less than 30 (in reserve, subordinated to naval militia)
  • Template:Sclass2 – less than 15 (in reserve, subordinated to naval militia)
  • Template:Sclass2 – less than 40 (being transferred to logistic duties)

China Coast Guard

Colombia

File:ARC Juan Ricardo Oyola Vera.jpg
Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., a PAV-IV-class patrol boat of the Colombian National Navy

Colombian Navy

  • Diligente-class patrol boat
  • Nodriza-class patrol boat
  • PAF-I-class patrol boat
  • PAF-II-class patrol boat
  • PAF-III-class patrol boat
  • PAF-IV-class patrol boat
  • Patrullera Fluvial Ligera-class patrol boat
  • Riohacha-class gunboat
  • Fassmer-80 class – built in Colombia by COTECMAR

Croatia

Denmark

File:RDN P555 Storen 1.jpg
HDMS Støren (P555), a Template:Sclass with the Royal Danish Navy

Royal Danish Navy

Ecuador

Ecuadorian Navy

Egypt

Egyptian Navy

  • 35m Fast Patrol Vessels- USA -built by Swiftships

Eritrea

Eritrean Navy

Others

Finland

File:Kurki 51 patrol craft in Suomenlinna 2.JPG
Kurki (51), a Template:Sclass with the Finnish Navy

Finnish Navy

Finnish Border Guard

France

File:Patrouilleur Gendarmerie Maritime.jpg
Maritime Gendarmerie Vedette class patrol boat

French Navy

Maritime Gendarmerie

  • Trident-class patrol boat
  • Géranium-class patrol boat
  • Jonquille-class patrol boat
  • Vedette-class patrol boat
  • Pétulante-class patrol craft
  • Pavois-class patrol craft

Germany

File:2019-10-03 - TDE - BP 81 - Potsdam.jpg
New Bundespolizei offshore patrol vessel BP 81 Potsdam

Greece

File:20080702-Faliron-HS Aittitos P-268.jpg
Hellenic Navy HSY-56A gunboat HS Aittitos

Hellenic Navy

Hellenic Coast Guard

  • Template:Sclass2[15] – acting as offshore patrol vessels (OPV)
  • Stan Patrol 5509 OPV
  • Vosper Europatrol 250 Mk1 OPV
  • Abeking & Rasmussen patrol vessels – class Dilos
  • POB-24G patrol vessels – class Faiakas
  • CB90-HCG
  • Lambro 57 and derivatives – all being boats for coastal patrols

Honduras

Honduran Navy

Hong Kong (SARPRC)

File:HKPF Police Boat 3.JPG
Sea Panther (PL 3), a Template:Sclass with the Hong Kong Police Marine Unit

Hong Kong Police Force

Iceland

Icelandic Coast Guard

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India

File:ICGS-Samarath.jpg
The Indian Coast Guard's offshore patrol vessel Template:ICGS at sea.
File:INS Sunayna returns to Kochi post an 80 day anti piracy patrol in the Gulf of Aden.jpg
Template:INS returns to Kochi post an 80-day anti piracy patrol in the Gulf of Aden

Indian Navy

Indian Coast Guard

Indonesia

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File:KN Tanjung Datu (1101), Indonesian Maritime Security Agency, 23 march 2018.jpg
KN Tanjung Datu (1101) of the Indonesian Maritime Security Agency
  • FPB 28, Indonesian Police and Indonesian Customs, 28 meter long patrol boat made by local shipyard PT PAL.
  • FPB 38, Indonesian Customs, 38 meter long aluminium patrol boat made by local shipyard PT PAL.
  • FPB 57, Indonesian Navy, 57 meter long patrol boat designed by Lurssen and made by PT PAL, ASM and heli deck equipped for some version.
  • PC-40, Indonesian Navy, 40 meter long FRP/Aluminum patrol boat, locally made by in house Navy's workshop.
  • PC-60 trimaran, Indonesian Navy, 63-meter-long composite material, is armed with 120 km range of anti-ship missile, made by PT Lundin industry
  • OPV 80 - 80 meter long, designed by Terafulk and made by PT Citra Shipyard
  • OPV 110 (Tanjung Datu-class) - 110 meter long, made by PT Palindo Marine Shipyard

Iraq

Iraqi Navy

35m Fast Patrol Vessels- USA -built by Swiftships, during the period 2010–2014 [16]

Ireland

List of Irish Naval Service vessels;[17]

  • Template:Sclass Offshore Patrol Vessels
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  • Template:Sclass Helicopter Patrol Vessel
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  • Template:Sclass Coastal Patrol Vessels
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  • Template:Sclass Offshore Patrol Vessels
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Israel

File:HPL-21 Ankaran.jpg
Slovenian Navy HPL-21, an example of the Israeli-made Template:Sclass2 also in service with the Israeli Navy

Italy

File:Cigala Fulgosi (P 490).jpg
Italian Navy Comandanti-class Cigala Fulgosi
File:CP-902-Aug2008.jpg
Italian Coast Guard patrol boat U. Diciotti, CP-902

Jamaica

JDF Coast Guard

Japan

File:JapanCoastGuard Shikishima.jpg
Script error: No such module "WPSHIPS utilities".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Japan Coast Guard), the 2nd largest patrol boat in the world
File:Japan Coast Guard PL51 Hida 2.jpg
Japan Coast Guard Hida

Latvia

Malaysia

  • Kedah class offshore patrol vessel, (Royal Malaysian Navy)
  • Keris-class littoral mission ship, (Royal Malaysian Navy)
  • Gagah Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Ramunia Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Nusa Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Sipadan Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Rhu Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Pengawal Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Peninjau Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Pelindung Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Semilang Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Penggalang Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Penyelamat Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Pengaman Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Kilat Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Malawali Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Langkawi Class Patrol Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency
  • Tun Fatimah Class Ship, Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency

Malta

File:Malta - Gzira - Lazzaretto Creek (MSTHC) 02 ies.jpg
Protector class patrol boat P52 of the Maritime Squadron of the Armed Forces of Malta.

Mexico

File:Marina Michoacán.jpg
Durango-class offshore patrol vessels in formation.

Mexican Navy

Montenegro

Morocco

File:Tonnerres de Brest 2012 - Bir Anzarane - 001.JPG
Royal Moroccan NavyOPV-70

Namibia

Netherlands

Royal Netherlands Navy

File:HNLMS Holland.jpg
HNLMS Holland (P840) from Holland Class of the Dutch Navy

Netherlands Coastguard

Dutch Caribbean Coast Guard

New Zealand

File:MC 10-0422-004 - Flickr - NZ Defence Force.jpg
Both RNZN Protector-class offshore patrol vessels in 2010

Royal New Zealand Navy

Nicaragua

Nicaraguan Navy

Norway

Royal Norwegian Navy

Norwegian Coast Guard

File:Kv Tor.jpg
NoCGV Tor (W334 KYSTVAKT) from Nornen Class of the Norwegian Coast Guard

Peru

Philippines

Template:Multiple image

Philippine Navy

Philippine Coast Guard

Poland

File:ORP Ślązak 2015-1.jpg
ORP Ślązak, Projekt 621M-class offshore patrol vessel, Polish Navy

Polish Navy

Portugal

File:Npop360.jpg
NRP Viana do Castelo, offshore patrol vessel of the Portuguese Navy

Portuguese Navy

Maritime Police

  • Bolina-class
  • Levante-class
  • Tufão-class
  • Calmaria-class

National Republican Guard

  • Bojador-class
  • Ribamar-class
  • Zodíaco-class
  • Mar Creta-class

Qatar

Qatari Emiri Navy

Qatari Ministry of Interior

  • ARES 75
  • ARES 110
  • ARES 150

Romania

Russia

File:Coast guard boat in SPB.jpg
Russian Coast Guard Rubin class patrol boat Zhemchug on the Almaz Shipbuilding Company

Senegal

File:Fouladou Senegal Patrol.jpg
Fouladou, OPV 190 from Senegalese navy
  • Fouladou (OPV 190), Senegalese Navy
  • Kedougou (OPV 45), Senegalese Navy
  • Ferlo (RPB 33), Senegalese Navy
  • Conejera (Class Conejera P 31), Senegalese Navy
  • Fouta (Osprey 55), Senegalese Navy
  • Njambuur (PR 72), Senegalese Navy

Singapore

File:Police Coast Guard PT.jpg
Police Coast Guard third generation PT Class Flower Ray (PT65) conducting a sea-rescue demonstration

Slovenia

South Africa

File:US Navy 100315-N-4774B-200 The Chilean navy Sa'ar 4-class fast-attack craft Angamos and Casma perform tactical maneuvering exercises in the Strait Of Magellan.jpg
An Israeli Sa'ar 4-class missile boat, called the Warrior-class strike craft in the South African Navy

South Korea (ROK)

Spain

File:Meteoro P41.jpg
Meteoro (P-41)

Sri Lanka

Suriname

Sweden

File:HMS Stockholm in Kalmar.JPG
Template:HSwMS, a Template:Sclass with the Royal Swedish Navy
  • Hugin-class (based on the Norwegian Storm-class, decommissioned) – 16 ships
  • Kaparen-class (Hugin-class modified with better subhunting capacity, decommissioned) – 8 ships
  • Stockholm-class (commissioned as corvettes, later converted to patrol boats) – 2 ships
  • HMS Carlskrona (commissioned as minelayer, later converted to ocean patrol vessel)

Additionally, the Royal Swedish Navy also operates smaller types of patrol boats (Swedish: bevakningsbåt = "guard boat"):

The Swedish Coast Guard operate an additional 22 patrol vessels for maritime surveillance.

Taiwan (Republic of China)

Republic of China Navy

Coast Guard Administration

Thailand

Trinidad and Tobago

Trinidad and Tobago Coast Guard

Turkey

File:Tuzla Sınıfı Karakol Gemisi.jpg
Turkish TCG Karabiga (P-1205), one of the Tuzla-class patrol boats

Turkish Naval Forces

Coast Guard Command

  • KAAN 15 class
  • KAAN 19 class
  • KAAN 29 class
  • KAAN 33 class
  • SAR 33 class
  • SAR 35 class
  • 80 class
  • Corvette

United Kingdom

File:Korvetten River-Klasse 7951.jpg
Two River class offshore patrol vessels of the Royal Navy

United States

United States Navy

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File:USS Firebolt (PC-10) 2.jpg
Template:USS, a United States Navy Template:Sclass

United States Coast Guard

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Venezuela

File:Arbv GC23.jpg
Naiguatá during sea trials
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Vietnam

  • Type TT-120 patrol boat, Vietnam Coast Guard
  • Type TT-200 patrol boat, Vietnam Coast Guard
  • Type TT-400 patrol boat, Vietnam Coast Guard
  • DN 2000(Damen 9014 class) offshore patrol vessels, Vietnam Coast Guard

References

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  1. List of abbreviations for data sections. (2025). The Military Balance, 125(1), 518–519. https://doi.org/10.1080/04597222.2025.2445482
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