Progress in International Reading Literacy Study

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Template:Short description

File:PIRLS 2021.png
PIRLS 2021

The Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS)[1] is an international study of reading (comprehension) achievement in 9–10 year olds. It has been conducted every five years since 2001 by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA). It is designed to measure children's reading literacy achievement, to provide a baseline for future studies of trends in achievement, and to gather information about children's home and school experiences in learning to read.[2]

Over 60 countries and sub-national, benchmarking entities participated in PIRLS 2021.[3]

History

PIRLS[1] provides internationally comparative data on how well children read by assessing students' reading achievement. PIRLS collects background information on how education systems provide educational opportunities to their students as well as the factors that influence how students use these opportunities. These background data include information about the following: national curriculum policies in reading; how the education system is organized to facilitate learning; students' home environment for learning; school climate and resources; and how instruction actually occurs in classrooms. Studies of reading literacy had been conducted prior to the PIRLS study of 2001, and PIRLS is the successor to IEA studies, such as the Reading Literacy Study, that started in 1970 and continued until 1991.[4] The PIRLS study of 2001 started the trend for cyclical testing; PIRLS has a frequency of five years. By administering the test every five years, education systems are able to monitor their children's literacy achievement over time. The current cycle, PIRLS 2016, is the fourth cycle of the IEA PIRLS. Like the previous PIRLS cycles (conducted in 2001, 2006, and 2011), the study will also collect information about home supports for literacy, curriculum and curriculum implementation, instructional practices, and school resources in each participating country.[1]

Cycles

PIRLS 2021

PIRLS 2021 is the fifth cycle in the PIRLS framework.[5] IEA's PIRLS will continue to collect background information from the assessed students, their parents, teachers and school principals on how education systems provide educational opportunities to their students, as well as the factors that influence how students use these opportunities. Trend results across assessments permit countries to monitor the effectiveness of their educational systems in a global context, and PIRLS 2021 marks 20 years of trends.

PIRLS 2021 evolves further from PIRLS 2016 in allowing countries to administer the full PIRLS reading assessment, including both PIRLS Informational and Literary (the previous standard PIRLS assessment), and the ePIRLS Online Informational (the previous ePIRLS), as one digitally based endeavour. Countries may also select from two levels of the PIRLS assessment; providing students with an assessment experience better suited to their reading abilities increases student motivation and provides more accurate assessment data. All results will be reported on the same PIRLS achievement scale.

PIRLS 2021 thus offers three options, enabling participants to select the administration path best suited to assessing their education system:(1) A new fully digital ePIRLS assessment, which integrates all aspects of PIRLS Informational, PIRLS Literary, and the ePIRLS Online Informational assessments; 2) The paper-only version of the PIRLS assessment, which is equivalent to the original pen-and-paper PIRLS standard assessment; and (3) The paper-only version of the PIRLS assessment, taken together with the ePIRLS Online Informational assessment.[6]

Rank Country Average
scale score[7] 		Change
over 5 years
1 Template:Flagcountry 587 Script error: No such module "sort".
2 Template:Flagcountry 577 Script error: No such module "sort".
3 Template:Flagcountry 573 Script error: No such module "sort".
4 Template:Flagcountry 567 Script error: No such module "sort".
5 Template:Flagcountry 566 Script error: No such module "sort".
6 Template:FlagcountryTemplate:Efn 558 Script error: No such module "sort".
7 Template:Flagcountry 557 N/A
8 Template:Flagcountry 552 Script error: No such module "sort".
9 Template:Flagcountry 549 Script error: No such module "sort".
9 Template:Flagcountry 549 Script error: No such module "sort".
11 Template:Flagcountry 548 Script error: No such module "sort".
12 Template:Flagcountry 544 Script error: No such module "sort".
12 Template:Flagcountry 544 Script error: No such module "sort".
14 Template:FlagcountryTemplate:Efn 540 Script error: No such module "sort".
14 Template:Flagcountry 539 Script error: No such module "sort".
14 Template:Flagcountry 539 Script error: No such module "sort".
17 Template:Flagcountry 539 Script error: No such module "sort".
17 Template:Flagcountry 539 Script error: No such module "sort".
17 Template:FlagcountryTemplate:Efn 539 Script error: No such module "sort".
20 Template:Flagcountry 537 Script error: No such module "sort".
21 Template:Flagcountry 536 Script error: No such module "sort".
22 Template:Flagcountry 530 Script error: No such module "sort".
23 Template:Flagcountry 529 Script error: No such module "sort".
24 Template:Flagcountry 528 Script error: No such module "sort".
25 Template:Flagcountry 527 Script error: No such module "sort".
26 Template:Flagcountry 524 Script error: No such module "sort".
27 Template:Flagcountry 521 Script error: No such module "sort".
27 Template:Flagcountry 521 Script error: No such module "sort".
29 Template:Flagcountry 520 Script error: No such module "sort".
29 Template:Flagcountry 520 Script error: No such module "sort".
30 Template:Flagcountry 515 Script error: No such module "sort".
31 Template:Flagcountry 514 Script error: No such module "sort".
31 Template:Flagcountry 514 N/A
33 Template:Flagcountry 513 N/A
34 Template:Flagcountry 511 N/A
34 Template:Flagcountry (Flemish) 511 Script error: No such module "sort".
36 Template:FlagcountryTemplate:Efn 510 Script error: No such module "sort".
37 Template:Flagcountry 504 Script error: No such module "sort".
PIRLS Scale Centerpoint 500 Script error: No such module "sort".
38 Template:Flagcountry 496 N/A
39 Template:Flagcountry (French) 494 Script error: No such module "sort".
39 Template:Flagcountry 494 Script error: No such module "sort".
41 Template:Flagcountry 487 N/A
42 Template:Flagcountry 485 Script error: No such module "sort".
43 Template:Flagcountry 483 Script error: No such module "sort".
44 Template:Flagcountry 458 Script error: No such module "sort".
45 Template:Flagcountry 449 Script error: No such module "sort".
46 Template:Flagcountry 442 N/A
47 Template:Flagcountry 440 Script error: No such module "sort".
48 Template:Flagcountry 437 N/A
49 Template:Flagcountry 429 Script error: No such module "sort".
50 Template:Flagcountry 421 N/A
51 Template:FlagcountryTemplate:Efn 419 N/A
52 Template:FlagcountryTemplate:Efn 413 Script error: No such module "sort".
53 Template:Flagcountry 381 N/A
54 Template:Flagcountry 378 Script error: No such module "sort".
55 Template:Flagcountry 372 Script error: No such module "sort".
56 Template:FlagcountryTemplate:Efn 288 Script error: No such module "sort".
Benchmarking participants
– Template:Flagicon Moscow (Russia) 598 Script error: No such module "sort".
– Template:Flagicon Dubai (United Arab Emirates) 552 Script error: No such module "sort".
– Template:Flagicon Quebec (Canada) 551 Script error: No such module "sort".
– Template:Flagicon Alberta (Canada) 539 N/A
– Template:Flagicon British Columbia (Canada) 535 N/A
– Template:Flagicon Newfoundland and Labrador (Canada) 523 N/A
– Template:Flagicon Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates) 440 Script error: No such module "sort".
– Template:FlagcountryTemplate:EfnTemplate:Efn 384 N/A
Table key
Delayed assessment of 4th grade cohort at the beginning of 5th grade

Template:Notelist

PIRLS 2016

PIRLS 2016 was released on December 5, 2017.[8] It also collects extensive information about home supports for literacy, curriculum and curriculum implementation, instructional practices, and school resources in each participating country. In this cycle there were two additional initiatives: (1) the PIRLS Literacy assessment (earlier known as prePIRLS) is equivalent to PIRLS in scope and reflects the same conception of reading as PIRLS. Its purpose is to extend the effective measurement of reading literacy at the lower end of the achievement scale. Countries whose fourth-grade students are still developing fundamental reading skills can participate in the PIRLS Literacy assessment and still have their results reported on the PIRLS achievement scale. The reading passages and questions in common between the PIRLS Literacy and the PIRLS assessments will enable the two assessments to be linked, and their results to be compared. (2) Initiated in 2016, ePIRLS is a computer-based reading assessment of students' ability to acquire and use information when reading online. The assessment encompasses an engaging, simulated internet environment with authentic school-like assignments about science and social studies topics. The ePIRLS online reading achievement scale enables countries to examine their fourth-graders' online reading performance relative to their performance on the PIRLS reading achievement scales.

In terms of trends, the PIRLS results for student achievement by country states that 18 countries had higher average achievement, 13 countries had the same average achievement, and 10 countries had lower average achievement; and girls had higher reading achievement than boys in 48 of the 50 countries.[9][10]

The 2016 PIRLS Encyclopedia has the Education Policy and Curriculum in Reading by country. It describes the structure of each education system, the reading curricula in the primary grades, and overall policies related to reading instruction.[11]

The ten countries with the highest average reading achievement were: Russian Federation, Singapore, Hong Kong SAR, Ireland, Finland, Poland, Northern Ireland, Norway, Taiwan, and England.[12]

Rank Country Average
scale score 		Change
over 5 years
1 Template:Flagcountry 581 Script error: No such module "sort".
2 Template:Flagcountry 576 Script error: No such module "sort".
3 Template:Flagcountry 569 Script error: No such module "sort".
4 Template:Flagcountry 567 Script error: No such module "sort".
5 Template:Flagcountry 566 Script error: No such module "sort".
6 Template:Flagcountry 565 Script error: No such module "sort".
6 Template:Flagcountry 565 Script error: No such module "sort".
8 Template:FlagcountryTemplate:Efn 559 Script error: No such module "sort".
8 Template:Flagcountry 559 Script error: No such module "sort".
8 Template:Flagcountry 559 Script error: No such module "sort".
11 Template:Flagcountry 558 N/A
12 Template:Flagcountry 555 Script error: No such module "sort".
13 Template:Flagcountry 554 Script error: No such module "sort".
14 Template:Flagcountry 552 Script error: No such module "sort".
15 Template:Flagcountry 549 Script error: No such module "sort".
16 Template:Flagcountry 548 Script error: No such module "sort".
16 Template:Flagcountry 548 Script error: No such module "sort".
18 Template:Flagcountry 547 Script error: No such module "sort".
19 Template:Flagcountry 546 N/A
20 Template:Flagcountry 545 Script error: No such module "sort".
21 Template:Flagcountry 544 Script error: No such module "sort".
22 Template:Flagcountry 543 Script error: No such module "sort".
22 Template:Flagcountry 543 Script error: No such module "sort".
24 Template:Flagcountry 542 Script error: No such module "sort".
25 Template:Flagcountry 541 Script error: No such module "sort".
26 Template:Flagcountry 537 Script error: No such module "sort".
27 Template:Flagcountry 536 N/A
28 Template:Flagcountry 535 Script error: No such module "sort".
29 Template:Flagcountry 530 Script error: No such module "sort".
30 Template:Flagcountry 528 Script error: No such module "sort".
30 Template:Flagcountry 528 Script error: No such module "sort".
32 Template:Flagcountry (Flemish) 525 N/A
33 Template:Flagcountry 523 Script error: No such module "sort".
34 Template:Flagcountry 511 Script error: No such module "sort".
International average 500 Script error: No such module "sort".
35 Template:Flagcountry (French) 497 Script error: No such module "sort".
36 Template:Flagcountry 494 N/A
37 Template:Flagcountry 488 Script error: No such module "sort".
38 Template:Flagcountry 479 Script error: No such module "sort".
39 Template:Flagcountry 472 Script error: No such module "sort".
40 Template:Flagcountry 452 Script error: No such module "sort".
41 Template:Flagcountry 450 Script error: No such module "sort".
42 Template:Flagcountry 446 N/A
43 Template:Flagcountry 442 Script error: No such module "sort".
44 Template:Flagcountry 430 Script error: No such module "sort".
45 Template:Flagcountry 428 Script error: No such module "sort".
46 Template:Flagcountry 418 Script error: No such module "sort".
47 Template:Flagcountry 393 N/A
48 Template:Flagcountry 358 Script error: No such module "sort".
49 Template:Flagcountry 330 N/A
50 Template:Flagcountry 320 N/A
Benchmarking participants
– Template:Flagicon Moscow (Russia) 612 N/A
– Template:Flagicon Madrid (Spain) 549 N/A
– Template:Flagicon Quebec (Canada) 547 Script error: No such module "sort".
– Template:Flagicon Ontario (Canada) 544 Script error: No such module "sort".
– Template:Flagicon Andalusia (Spain) 525 Script error: No such module "sort".
– Template:FlagcountryTemplate:Efn 517 N/A
– Template:Flagicon Dubai (United Arab Emirates) 515 Script error: No such module "sort".
– Template:FlagcountryTemplate:Efn 501 N/A
– Template:Flagicon Buenos Aires (Argentina) 480 N/A
– Template:Flagicon Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates) 414 Script error: No such module "sort".
– Template:Flagcountry (English/Afrikaans/Zulu)Template:Efn 406 N/A

Template:Notelist

Helpful pages

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  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

PIRLS 2011

Combining newly developed reading assessment passages and questions for 2011 with a selection of secure assessment passages and questions from 2001 and 2006, the study offered a state-of-the-art assessment of reading comprehension that allowed for measurement of changes since 2001. The international population for PIRLS 2011 consisted of students in the grade that represents four years of schooling, provided that the mean age at the time of testing was at least 9.5 years. In the 2011 cycle, prePIRLS (now known as PIRLS Literacy) was offered to assess basic reading skills as a bridge to PIRLS, for countries where most children are still developing fundamental reading skills at the end of the primary school cycle.[13]

Rank Country Average
scale score 		Change
over 5 years
1 Template:Flagcountry 571 Script error: No such module "sort".
2 Template:Flagcountry 568 Script error: No such module "sort".
2 Template:Flagcountry 568 N/A
4 Template:Flagcountry 567 Script error: No such module "sort".
5 Template:Flagcountry 558 N/A
6 Template:Flagcountry 556 Script error: No such module "sort".
7 Template:Flagcountry 554 Script error: No such module "sort".
8 Template:Flagcountry 553 N/A
8 Template:Flagcountry 553 Script error: No such module "sort".
10 Template:Flagcountry 552 N/A
10 Template:Flagcountry 552 Script error: No such module "sort".
12 Template:Flagcountry 548 N/A
13 Template:Flagcountry 546 Script error: No such module "sort".
14 Template:Flagcountry 545 N/A
15 Template:Flagcountry 542 Script error: No such module "sort".
16 Template:Flagcountry 541 Script error: No such module "sort".
16 Template:Flagcountry 541 Script error: No such module "sort".
16 Template:Flagcountry 541 Script error: No such module "sort".
16 Template:Flagcountry 541 N/A
20 Template:Flagcountry 539 Script error: No such module "sort".
21 Template:Flagcountry 535 Script error: No such module "sort".
22 Template:Flagcountry 532 Script error: No such module "sort".
23 Template:Flagcountry 531 Script error: No such module "sort".
24 Template:Flagcountry 530 Script error: No such module "sort".
25 Template:Flagcountry 529 Script error: No such module "sort".
26 Template:Flagcountry 528 Script error: No such module "sort".
27 Template:Flagcountry 527 N/A
28 Template:Flagcountry 526 Script error: No such module "sort".
29 Template:Flagcountry 520 Script error: No such module "sort".
30 Template:Flagcountry 513 Script error: No such module "sort".
31 Template:Flagcountry 507 Script error: No such module "sort".
32 Template:Flagcountry (French) 506 Script error: No such module "sort".
33 Template:Flagcountry 502 Script error: No such module "sort".
International average 500 Script error: No such module "sort".
34 Template:Flagcountry 488 Script error: No such module "sort".
35 Template:Flagcountry 477 N/A
36 Template:Flagcountry 471 Script error: No such module "sort".
37 Template:Flagcountry 462 N/A
38 Template:Flagcountry 457 Script error: No such module "sort".
39 Template:Flagcountry 448 N/A
40 Template:Flagcountry 439 N/A
41 Template:Flagcountry 430 N/A
42 Template:Flagcountry 428 Script error: No such module "sort".
43 Template:Flagcountry 425 Script error: No such module "sort".
44 Template:Flagcountry 391 N/A
45 Template:Flagcountry 310 Script error: No such module "sort".
6th grade participants
– Template:FlagcountryTemplate:Efn 450 N/A
– Template:FlagcountryTemplate:Efn 424 N/A
– Template:FlagcountryTemplate:Efn 419 N/A
– Template:FlagcountryTemplate:Efn 419 N/A
Benchmarking participants
– Template:Flagicon Florida (United States) 569 N/A
– Template:Flagicon Ontario (Canada) 552 Script error: No such module "sort".
– Template:Flagicon Alberta (Canada) 548 Script error: No such module "sort".
– Template:Flagicon Quebec (Canada) 538 Script error: No such module "sort".
– Template:Flagicon Andalusia (Spain) 515 N/A
– Template:Flagicon Dubai (United Arab Emirates) 476 N/A
– Template:Flagcountry (Maltese) 457 N/A
– Template:Flagicon Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates) 424 N/A
– Template:Flagcountry (English/Afrikaans)Template:Efn 421 N/A

Template:Notelist

PIRLS 2006

PIRLS 2006 assessed a range of reading comprehension strategies for two major reading purposes: literary and informational. The student test of reading comprehension addressed four processes:

  • retrieval of explicitly stated information
  • making straightforward inferences
  • interpreting and integrating ideas and information
  • examination and evaluation of content, language, and textual elements.

PIRLS 2006 assessed students enrolled in the fourth grade.[14]

Rank Country Average
scale score 		Change
over 5 years
1 Template:Flagcountry 565 Script error: No such module "sort".
2 Template:Flagcountry 564 Script error: No such module "sort".
3 Template:Flagicon Alberta (Canada) 560 N/A
4 Template:Flagcountry 558 Script error: No such module "sort".
4 Template:Flagicon British Columbia (Canada) 558 N/A
6 Template:Flagcountry 557 N/A
7 Template:Flagicon Ontario (Canada) 555 N/A
8 Template:Flagcountry 551 Script error: No such module "sort".
8 Template:Flagcountry 551 N/A
10 Template:Flagcountry 549 Script error: No such module "sort".
11 Template:Flagcountry 548 Script error: No such module "sort".
12 Template:Flagcountry 547 Script error: No such module "sort".
12 Template:Flagcountry (Flemish) 547 N/A
12 Template:Flagcountry 547 Script error: No such module "sort".
15 Template:Flagcountry 546 N/A
16 Template:Flagicon Nova Scotia (Canada) 542 N/A
17 Template:Flagcountry 541 Script error: No such module "sort".
18 Template:Flagcountry 540 Script error: No such module "sort".
19 Template:Flagcountry 539 Script error: No such module "sort".
20 Template:Flagcountry 538 N/A
21 Template:Flagcountry 537 Script error: No such module "sort".
22 Template:Flagcountry 535 N/A
23 Template:Flagicon Quebec (Canada) 533 N/A
24 Template:Flagcountry 532 Script error: No such module "sort".
24 Template:Flagcountry 532 Script error: No such module "sort".
26 Template:Flagcountry 527 Script error: No such module "sort".
27 Template:Flagcountry 522 Script error: No such module "sort".
27 Template:Flagcountry 522 Script error: No such module "sort".
29 Template:Flagcountry 519 N/A
30 Template:Flagcountry 513 N/A
31 Template:Flagcountry 512 Script error: No such module "sort".
32 Template:Flagcountry 511 Script error: No such module "sort".
International average 500 Script error: No such module "sort".
33 Template:Flagcountry 500 Script error: No such module "sort".
33 Template:Flagcountry (French) 500 N/A
35 Template:Flagcountry 498 Script error: No such module "sort".
36 Template:Flagcountry 489 Script error: No such module "sort".
37 Template:Flagcountry 471 N/A
38 Template:Flagcountry 442 Script error: No such module "sort".
39 Template:Flagcountry 436 N/A
40 Template:Flagcountry 421 N/A
41 Template:Flagcountry 405 N/A
42 Template:Flagcountry 353 N/A
43 Template:Flagcountry 330 Script error: No such module "sort".
44 Template:Flagcountry 323 Script error: No such module "sort".
45 Template:Flagcountry 302 N/A

PIRLS 2001

The IEA Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2001 was the first cycle of assessments to measure trends in children's reading literacy achievement, and policy and practices related to literacy. The study examined three aspects of reading literacy: processes of comprehension, purposes for reading, and reading literacy behavior and attitudes. 35 countries took part in the first cycle where students enrolled in the fourth grade were assessed.[15]

Rank Country Average
scale score
1 Template:Flagcountry 561
2 Template:Flagcountry 554
3 Template:Flagcountry 553
4 Template:Flagcountry 550
5 Template:Flagcountry 545
6 Template:FlagcountryTemplate:Efn 544
7 Template:Flagcountry 543
7 Template:Flagcountry 543
9 Template:Flagcountry 542
10 Template:Flagcountry 541
11 Template:Flagcountry 539
12 Template:Flagcountry 537
13 Template:Flagcountry 529
14 Template:Flagcountry 528
14 Template:Flagcountry 528
14 Template:Flagcountry 528
14 Template:Flagcountry 528
18 Template:Flagcountry 525
19 Template:Flagcountry 524
20 Template:Flagcountry 518
21 Template:Flagcountry 512
21 Template:Flagcountry 512
23 Template:Flagcountry 509
24 Template:Flagcountry 502
International average 500
25 Template:Flagcountry 499
26 Template:Flagcountry 494
27 Template:Flagcountry 492
28 Template:Flagcountry 449
29 Template:Flagcountry 442
30 Template:Flagcountry 422
31 Template:Flagcountry 420
32 Template:Flagcountry 414
33 Template:Flagcountry 396
34 Template:Flagcountry 350
35 Template:Flagcountry 327

Template:Notelist

United States results by race and ethnicity

Race 2016[16] 2011[17] 2006[18] 2001[19]
Score Score Score Score
Asian 591 588 567 551
Multiracial — 578 — —
White 571 575 560 565
US Average 549 556 540 542
Other 545 — 573 —
Hispanic 525 532 518 517
Black 518 522 503 502
American Indian/Alaska Native — — 468 —

PIRLS assessment

The PIRLS study consists of a main survey that consists of a written reading comprehension test and a background questionnaire. The PIRLS Reading Development Group (RDG) and National Research Coordinators (NRCs) from the participating countries collaborate to develop the reading assessments. The assessment focuses on three main areas of literacy: process of comprehension, purposes for reading, and reading behaviors and attitudes. The background questionnaire is used to determine the reading behaviors and attitudes. The written test is designed to address the process of comprehension and the purposes for reading. There are two purposes for reading that are examined in this study: reading for literary experience and reading to acquire and use information. Each student receives 80 minutes to complete two passages and then time to complete the survey. There are a total of 8 passage. Four passages are for each purpose of reading. "With eight reading passages in total, but just two to be given to any one student, passages and their accompanying items were assigned to student test booklets according to a matrix sampling plan. The eight passages were distributed across 10 booklets, two per booklet, so that passages were paired together in a booklet in as many different ways as possible."[2] The PIRLS target population is the grade that represents four years of schooling, counting from the first year of ISCED Level 1, which corresponds to the fourth grade in most countries. To better match the assessment to the achievement level of students, countries have the option of administering PIRLS or PIRLS Literacy at the fifth or sixth grade.

Background questionnaire

Given to:

  • Home/parents—This questionnaire includes questions about "students' early reading experiences, child-parent literacy interactions, parents' reading habits and attitudes, home-school connections, and demographic and socioeconomic indicators."
  • Students—This questionnaire includes questions about "instructional experiences, self-perception and attitudes towards reading, out-of-school reading habits, computer use, home literacy resources, and basic demographic information."
  • Teachers—This questionnaire includes questions about "characteristics of the class tested, instructional activities for teaching reading, classroom resources, assessment practices, and about their education, training, and opportunities for professional development."
  • Schools—This questionnaire includes questions about "enrollment and school characteristics, school organization for reading instruction, school staffing and resources, home-school connections, and the school environment."[2]

Participating organizations

Participating countries

Country Years
Template:Flagcountry 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2016Template:Efn
Template:Flagcountry 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001
Template:Flagcountry 2006,Template:Efn 2011,Template:Efn 2016,Template:Efn 2021Template:Efn
Template:Flagcountry 2011Template:Efn
Template:Flagcountry 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001,Template:Efn 2006,Template:Efn 2011, 2016, 2021Template:Efn
Template:Flagcountry 2016
Template:Flagcountry 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2011
Template:Flagcountry 2011, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2006, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001
Template:Flagcountry 2011Template:Efn
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006
Template:Flagcountry 2006, 2011
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011,Template:Efn 2016
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006
Template:Flagcountry 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006
Template:Flagcountry 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2006, 2011,Template:Efn 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2006, 2011, 2016
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021
Template:Flagcountry 2021

Template:Notelist

See also

References

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  2. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

External links

  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1"., official website

Template:Population country lists

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