List of military operations in the war in Afghanistan (2001–2021)

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The United States launched an invasion of Afghanistan following the September 11 attacks from October 7, 2001, to August 31, 2021, as a part of the war on terror. Participants in the initial American operation, Operation Enduring Freedom, included a NATO coalition whose initial goals were to train the Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF) and assist Afghanistan in rebuilding key government institutions after the fall of the Taliban regime in December 2001. However, coalition forces were gradually involved in the broader war as well, as Taliban resistance continued until 2021, when they regained control of the country and formed a new government. This is a list of known code names and related information for military operations associated with the war, including operations to airlift citizens of coalition countries and at-risk Afghan civilians from Afghanistan as the war drew to a close.

Template:Campaignbox US war in Afghanistan Template:Campaignbox Afghanistan

Background

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". From May 1996, Osama bin Laden had been living in Afghanistan along with other members of al-Qaeda, operating terrorist training camps in a loose alliance with the Taliban.[1] Following the 1998 US embassy bombings in Africa, the US military launched cruise missiles at these camps with limited effect on their overall operations. A follow-on plan, Operation Infinite Resolve, was planned but not implemented.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The UN Security Council issued Resolutions 1267 and 1333 in 1999 and 2000, respectively, applying financial and military hardware sanctions to encourage the Taliban to turn over bin Laden to appropriate authorities for trial in the embassy bombings, as well as to close terrorist training camps.

After the September 11, 2001, attacks, investigators rapidly accumulated evidence implicating bin Laden. In a taped statement released in 2004, bin Laden publicly acknowledged his and al-Qaeda's direct involvement in the attacks. On May 21, 2006, an audiotape attributed to bin Laden was released on a website (the US alleged) known to be used by al-Qaeda affiliates.[2] In it, bin Laden claimed personal responsibility for selecting and directing the 19 hijackers. who carried out the 9/11 attacks, reaffirming Bin Laden's central role in the plot.[3]

2001: War begins

File:U.S. Marines humping in Afghanistan, November 2001.jpg
A Marine with the 15th Marine Expeditionary Unit leads a column to a security position after seizing a Taliban forward-operating base in November 2001.

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The war in Afghanistan began on October 7, 2001, as Operation Enduring Freedom, in response to the 9/11 attacks. This conflict marked the beginning of the US war on terror. The stated purpose of the invasion was to capture Osama bin Laden, destroy al-Qaeda, and remove the Taliban regime, which had provided them support and safe harbor. In December, the Taliban government fell and a transitional government was established.

Coalition operations

Battles

2002 operations

Coalition operations

Insurgent attacks

2003 operations

Coalition operations

Insurgent attacks

Battles

2004 operations

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2005 operations

2006 operations

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". In January 2006, NATO's focus in southern Afghanistan was to form Provincial Reconstruction Teams with the British leading in Helmand Province and the Netherlands and Canada leading similar deployments in Orūzgān Province and Kandahar Province, respectively. The Americans remained in control of Zabul Province. Local Taliban figures voiced opposition to the incoming force and pledged to resist it.

Coalition Operations

Insurgent attacks

Battles

2007 operations

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US and NATO ISAF operations, alongside Afghan National Army forces, continued against the Taliban in 2007. Significant military operations in 2007 included operations around Sangin, Operation Achilles, the Battle of Chora, Operation Harekate Yolo and the Battle of Musa Qala, among others.

Coalition operations

Insurgent attacks

Battles

2008 operations

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Significant military operations in 2008 included the Helmand province campaign, Operation Karez, and Operation Eagle's Summit, among others.

Coalition operations

Insurgent attacks

Battles

2009 operations

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File:9 June 2009 grenade attack in Asadabad.ogv
A June 2009 grenade attack, following a collision between a MRAP and a humvee, wounding three American soldiers.[7]

Coalition operations

Insurgent attacks

Battles

2010 operations

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Coalition operations

Insurgent attacks

Battles

2011 operations

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Coalition operations

Insurgent attacks

Battles

2012 operations

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Coalition Operations

Insurgent attacks

Battles

2013 operations

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Coalition opearations

insurgent attacks

Battles

2014 operations

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Coalition opearations

insurgent attacks

Battles

2015 operations

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Coalition opearations

insurgent attacks

Battle

2016 operations

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Coalition opearations

insurgent attacks

Battles

2017 operations

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Coalition opearations

insurgent attacks

Battles

2018 operations

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Coalition operations

insurgent attacks

Battles

2019 operations

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Coalition opearations

insurgent attacks

Battles

2020 operations

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Coalition opearations

insurgent attacks

Battles

2021 operations

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Coalition opearations

insurgent attacks

Battles

List of battles and operations

Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The following table lists known military operations of the war in Afghanistan (2001–2021).

Operation name From date To date Location Purpose/result
Battle of Alasay Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Alasay Battle: A coalition victory enabled the construction of two bases for the Afghan National Army in the valley near the village, which had been guerrilla control since 2006
Battle of Chora Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Chora Battle: This battle, which involved a significant number of Dutch forces, resulted in the deaths of more than 100 people
Battle of Dahaneh Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Dahaneh in the Helmand Province
Battle of Firebase Anaconda Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Uruzgan province Battle: A group of roughly 75 Taliban militants mounted a frontal assault on a United States-led coalition base
Battle of Garmsir Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Garmsir in the Helmand Province Counterinsurgency: A Major US Marine offensive on the Taliban-held town killing more than 400 insurgents. Taliban forces withdrew from the town as a result of the assault and took up a position further south
Battle of Musa Qala Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Musa Qala Battle: A British-led operation involving the Afghan National Army that resulted in a coalition victory and a Taliban retreat into the nearby mountains
Battle of Nawzad Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Nawzad District in the Northern Helmand Province
Battle of Panjwaii Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Panjwayi District Battle: Decisive Canadian victory, Panjwayi cleared of Taliban
Battle of Qala-i-Jangi Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Qala-i-Jangi District Battle: It began with the uprising of Taliban prisoners held at Qala-i-Jangi fortress and escalated into one of the bloodiest engagements of the war in Afghanistan
Battle of Takur Ghar Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The peak of Takur Ghar Battle: A helicopter caring a SEAL team went down and began receiving fire from hostile forces
Battle of Tora Bora Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Pachir Wa Agam District, Nangarhar province Battle: Attempt and failure to kill or capture Osama bin Laden
Operation Accius Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Throughout Afghanistan Contingency: The Canadian military's contribution to the civilian-led United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA)
Operation Achilles Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The Sangin and Kajaki districts of Helmand Counterinsurgency: An attempt to stabilize the security situation in the province
Operation Allies Refuge Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Throughout Afghanistan Evacuation: To evacuate US nationals, embassy staff, and allied Afghan nationals from the country during and after the 2021 Taliban offensive
Operation Anaconda Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Shah-i-Kot Valley and Paktika Province Counterinsurgency: Attempt to destroy al-Qaeda and Taliban forces
Operation Apollo Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Throughout Afghanistan Contingency: The codename for an operation conducted by Canadian Forces in support of the United States in its military operations in Afghanistan
Operation Archer Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Throughout Afghanistan Contingency: The Canadian Forces contribution to Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan
Operation Argus Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Throughout Afghanistan Contingency and Security: Canadian Forces team of strategic military planners to support the government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
Operation Asbury Park Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Oruzgan Province and Zabul Province Counterinsurgency: Was characterized by atypical fighting on the side of the tactics of the Taliban and other guerrillas encountered
Operation Asbury Park II Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The Dey Chopan District Counterinsurgency: Army infantrymen, Afghan National Army troops, and attached Marines again sparred with ACM forces in the region, inflicting significant losses against the enemy
Operation Athena Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kabul and Kandahar Security: The Canadian Forces contribution to the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan
Operation Avalanche Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Southeast Afghanistan Counterinsurgency: To search out al-Qaeda members while conducting assessments to establish conditions for the provision of humanitarian aid
Operation Baawar (Assurance) Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The Horn of Panjwayi in Kandahar Province To take a Taliban stronghold and build roads in the district
Operation Bulldog Bite Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kunar Province Counterinsurgency: Destroyed two Taliban camps in the Watapur District
Operation Buzzard Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Khowst region Counterinsurgency: Forced al-Qaeda and the Taliban to abandon a large-scale presence in much of the regionScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
Operation Celtics Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Counterinsurgency and Humanitarian: To hunt down enemy fighters and provide humanitarian support
Operation Cobra's Anger Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". A valley in the Nawzad District
Operation Condor Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The mountains of Paktia province Counterinsurgency: British forces engaged in combat with al-Qaeda and Taliban forces
Operation Counterstrike Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kandahar Airfield
Operation Crescent Wind Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Throughout Afghanistan The codename for an American and British bombing campaign
Operation Devi Shakti Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Throughout Afghanistan Evacuation: An operation of the Indian Armed Forces to evacuate Indian citizens and foreign nationals from the country after the fall of Kabul
Operation Diablo Dragnet Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kandahar Airfield
Operation Diablo Reach Back Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kandahar Province Combined Task Force Bayonet forces engaged Taliban forces
Operation Diesel Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Sangin, Helmand Province A raid by British troops on a Taliban drug factory and arms stronghold
Operation Dragon Strike Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kandahar Province Counterinsurgency: To reclaim the province from the Taliban
Operation Dragon Tree Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kandahar Counterinsurgency: Searched for weapons caches
Operation Eagle's Summit (Oqab Tsuka) Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kandahar and Helmand Provinces With the objective of transporting a 220-tonne turbine to the Kajaki Dam in Helmand Province through Taliban-controlled territory. Cited by the Permanent Mission of Afghanistan to the United Nations as one of the largest logistical operations carried out by the British Army since World War II[10]
Operation Falcon Summit Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The Panjwayi and Zhari districts of Kandahar Counterinsurgency: Had the intention of expelling Taliban fighters
Operation Flashman Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Paktika Province Humanitarian and Security: To bring stability to the area and establish voter registration sites
Operation Hamkari 2010
Operation Hammer (Chakush) Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The Upper Grishk Valley in Helmand province
Operation Harekate Yolo (Front Straightening) Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Northwest Afghanistan Counterinsurgency: Targeted hostile forces in the northern provinces
Operation Haven Denial Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The Paktika and Khost provinces Counterinsurgency: Targeted against Taliban remnants and al-Qaeda fighters
Operation Headstrong Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kabul Law enforcement: Involved the training of Afghan commandos by British special forces to seek out and destroy drug laboratories and to confiscate drug shipments
Operation Herrick Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Throughout Afghanistan Contingency: The codename for all British combat operations in Afghanistan from 2002 until 2014
Operation Highroad Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The second phase of the Australian Defence Force's operation in Afghanistan
Operation Hoover Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kandahar Province district of Zhari Counterinsurgency: Was a Canadian-led offensive against the Taliban
Operation Jacana Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Khost province, Paktia Province With the aim of capturing or killing al-Qaeda and Taliban remnants
Operation Jaws Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Helmand province
Operation Karez Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Badghis Province Counterinsurgency: To eliminate Taliban presence in the region after insurgents regrouped following Operation Harekate Yolo
Operation Khanjar (Strike of the Sword) Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Helmand Province Counterinsurgency: A major US Marine offensive to secure the province
Operation Lastay Kulang (Pickaxe Handle) Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Helmand province A British-led NATO operation
Operation Lightning Resolve Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Throughout Afghanistan Security: Provide security in support of the first democratic elections ever in Afghanistan
Operation Lions Pride Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Korangal Valley Humanitarian: To provide medical assistance to more than 3,100 Afghans
Operation Mavericks Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The mountains of Eastern Afghanistan Counterinsurgency: Detained suspected terrorists and confiscating several weapons and explosives caches
Operation Medusa Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kandahar Province Counterinsurgency: A Canadian-led offensive by major elements of the International Security Assistance Force and Afghan National Army
Operation Miracle Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Throughout Afghanistan Evacuation: An operation of the Republic of Korea Armed Forces to evacuate Afghan nationals from the country after the fall of Kabul
Operation Moshtarak (Together, Joint) Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Marjah in the Helmand Province "poppy-growing belt" Counterinsurgency: The largest military offensive ever launched by NATO troops in Afghanistan to clear the city of Taliban militants and drug traffickers eliminating the last Taliban stronghold in Helmand. It involved US Marine units and Afghan troops along with the US Special Forces and other ISAF members[11]
Operation Mountain Blizzard Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The south, southeast, and eastern portions of Afghanistan Counterinsurgency: Killed 22 enemy combatants and discovered caches with 3,648 rockets, 3,202 mortar rounds, 2,944 rocket-propelled grenades, 3,000 rifle rounds, 2,232 mines and tens of thousands of rounds of small-arms ammunitionScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
Operation Mountain Fury Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Paktika, Khost, Ghazni, Paktia, and Logar Provinces Counterinsurgency: A NATO-led operation as a follow-up operation to Operation Medusa, to clear Taliban rebels from the eastern provinces of Afghanistan
Operation Mountain Lion Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Near the Pakistan border Counterinsurgency: Searching along the border with Pakistan for al-Qaeda and former Taliban forces
Operation Mountain Reach II Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kunar Province US Army, Theatre Assets, ANSF, ANP, ANA were ambushed by 150+ Taliban for 8.5 hours along the route from Marawara District Center to Daridam Village area. 60-80 Taliban killed; three US soldiers woundedScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
Operation Mountain Resolve Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Nuristan and Kunar Provinces Counterinsurgency: The operation involved an airdrop into the Hindu Kush Mountains by the US 10th Mountain Division and resulted in the killing of Hezbi commander Ghulam Sakhee
Operation Mountain Storm Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The south, southeast, and eastern portions of Afghanistan With the aim of cornering al-Qaeda and Taliban remnants
Operation Mountain Sweep Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Mainly around Dormat and Narizah, south of Khowst and Gardez Was designed to search out al-Qaeda and Taliban forces and information about the terrorist organizations
Operation Mountain Thrust Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kandahar, Helmand, Paktika, Zabul and Uruzgan Provinces A major offensive, the primary objective of which was to quell the Taliban insurgency in southern Afghanistan
Operation Mountain Viper Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The mountains of the Dey Chopan District, Zabul province Sought to uncover Taliban rebels. Deaths included 124 militants, five Afghan Army personnel and one US soldier
Operation Neptune Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Nawa District
Operation New Dawn Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Helmand Province An extension of Operation Moshtarak, a joint ISAF / ANA operation, led by the United States Marines, to disrupt insurgents and deny them freedom of movement in areas between Marjah and Nawa[12][13]
Operation Northern Wind
Operation Oracle
Operation Oqab (Eagle) Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kunduz Province To force the Taliban out of the province
Operation Palk Mesher Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Helmand Province To disrupt and eliminate insurgents
Operation Panther's Claw (Panchai Palang) Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Helmand Province 350 British Troops attacked a Taliban Stronghold near Babaji
Operation Pil Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The Watapor Valley of the Kunar Province To improve security and assist in stabilizing the government in the region
Operation Pitting Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Throughout Afghanistan Evacuation: To evacuate British nationals, embassy staff, and allied Afghan nationals from the country during and after the 2021 Taliban offensive
Operation Pizmah Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Zabul Province To reestablish a coalition presence in the districts of Dey Chopan, Argandab and Khaki-Afghan
Operation Ptarmigan Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Gardez and Khost regions The name given to the British share of military actions with US and coalition forces
Operation Red Wings Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kunar Province Counterterrorism mission
Operation Rhino Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kandahar US troops seized an airstrip from the Taliban that would eventually become Camp Rhino
Operation Shahi Tandar Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Kandahar Province A series of raids and operations against Taliban insurgents
Operation Silicon Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Upper Helmand Province A sub-operation of Operation Achilles, carried out by NATO (mostly British) and Afghan troops. Recaptured Grishk from the TalibanScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
Operation Silver Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Counterinsurgency: Conducted to keep up the pressure on the Taliban in the hopes of blunting an expected spring offensive
Operation Sleigh Ride Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Forward operating bases at Salerno, Ghazni, Orgun-E and Sharana Christmas-time morale boost for troops
Operation Slipper Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The first phase of the Australian Defence Force's operation in Afghanistan
Operation Snipe Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The remote Afghan mountains A British Royal Marine search and clear operation over a significant area believed to be used as a base by al-Qaeda and Taliban forces
Operation Sond Chara (Red Dagger) Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Taliban strongholds near the town of Nad-e-Ali in Helmand Province To secure the area around the provincial capital of Lashkar Gah after an increase in insurgent attacks there, as well as to safeguard a planned voter registration program
Operation Sparviero Codename for the Italian Army's contributions to the ISAF
Operation Toral Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Throughout Afghanistan Contingency: The codename for all British combat operations in Afghanistan from 2015 until the end of the war in 2021
Operation Torii
Operation Tor Shezada Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The operation was planned and executed by the International Security Assistance Force forces and Afghan army whose mission was to clear insurgents from Seyyedabad to the south of Nad-e Ali in Helmand province, in parallel to similar operations by the U.S. Marine Corps in Northern Marjah. Enabled by the UK Joint Aviation Group - UK Apache Attack Helicopters from 664 Squadron AAC alongside UK Chinook and Merlin heavy lift aircraft and USMC CH-53s, Osprey V-22s, Cobra Attack Helicopters and numerous other international Fixed Wing air assets.
Operation Veritas Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Throughout Afghanistan Contingency: The codename for all British combat operations in Afghanistan from the start of the war in 2001 until 2002
Operation Vigilance Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Wardak Province Counterinsurgency and Humanitarian: Targeted three individuals that coalition forces were trying to kill or capture, and included humanitarian aid drops in several villages
Operation Volcano Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Near the Kajaki hydroelectric dam Was a British operation to clear a Taliban base, consisting of 25 compounds. Was part of Operation Achilles
Operation Warrior Sweep Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". The Zormat Valley, Paktia province
Operation Wyconda Pincer Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Districts of Bala Buluk and Pusht-i-Rod, in Farah province Italian and Spanish Task-Force 45, killed 70 TalibanScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
Operation Solace Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Script error: No such module "Date table sorting". Districts of Kabul, in Kabul province Noncombatant Evacuation Operation (NEO): Portuguese evacuate allied Afghan nationals from the country after the 2021 Taliban offensive [14]

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Osama bin Laden Wealthy Saudi exile is a terrorist mastermind
  2. ↑ https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/osama-bin-laden
  3. ↑ BBC News. "Bin Laden tape: Text." May 23, 2006. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/5009400.stm
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Ed Darack, Victory Point website
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Gal Perl Finkel, Back to the ground?, Israel Hayom, November 8, 2015.
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Portaria nº399/2021,24 August (2021), Participação nacional na operação SOLACE — Afghan Staff Relocation — célula de coordenação local, Diário da República 2ª Série, 182, pp29-30, Lisboa: Ministério da Defesa Nacional

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Further reading

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External links

Template:War in Afghanistan Template:Military operations in the war in Afghanistan Template:Authority control

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