Parodia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Notocactus)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox

Parodia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cactaceae, native to the eastern slopes of the Andes in northwestern Argentina and southwestern Bolivia and in the lowland pampas regions of northeastern Argentina, southern Brazil, eastern Paraguay, and Uruguay.[1] This genus has about 65 species, many of which have been transferred from Eriocactus, Notocactus and Wigginsia. They range from small globose plants to Template:Convert tall columnar cacti. All are deeply ribbed and spiny, with single flowers at or near the crown. Some species produce offsets at the base. They are popular in cultivation, but must be grown indoors where temperatures fall below Template:Convert.[2]

Taxonomy and systematics

The first description was published in 1923 by the Italian-Argentinian botanist Carlos Luis Spegazzini.[3] The genus is named after Domingo Parodi, one of the early investigators of the flora of Paraguay.Template:Sfn The type species is Echinocactus microspermus. Anatomical and morphological work by David Richard Hunt et. al.[4] and Reto Nyffeler[5] led to the incorporation of the genera Brasilicactus, Brasiliparodia, Eriocactus, Notocactus and Wigginsia into the genus Parodia. These studies also suggested the inclusion of the genera Blossfeldia and Frailea.

According to Reto Nyffeler, the genus Parodia can be divided into three subgenera:

  • Subgenus Parodia:
    • Group Parodia: (Parodia s. str.)
      The shoots are flat spherical, globular or columnar and rarely sprout. A tuber is rarely present. The shoot tissue usually contains no mucilage, the epidermis is usually tender. The areoles are always on the protuberances. The central and radial spines differ significantly from each other. The central spine is sometimes hooked. The flowers are funnel-shaped, styles and stigmas are always the same color. The soft fruits later dry up and open at their base.
    • Group Notocactus: (Notocactus s.str. + Wigginsia)
      The shoots are flat spherical, globular or columnar and occasionally sprout. A tuber is sometimes present. The shoot tissue usually contains mucus, the epidermis is often hard. The areoles are located in the depressions between the bumps. The central and radial spines differ. The flowers are broadly funnel-shaped to bell-shaped, styles and stigmas are usually differently colored. The fruits, which are often elongated when ripe, open differently.
  • Subgenus Eriocactus:
    The shoots are often long columnar in old age and occasionally sprout. The shoot apex is often crooked. The instinctual tissue contains no mucus. The humps are fused into straight ribs. The areoles are located between the protuberances. They are not sunken or only vaguely sunken and are often heavily woolly. The thorns are more or less bristle-like. The light to dark yellow flowers are broadly bell-shaped, styles and stigmas are the same color. The fruits have a hard pericarp and open at the base.

Species

Species of the genus Parodia according to Plants of the World Online Template:As of separated into sections according to Reto Nyffeler:[6]

Subgenus Section Image Scientific name Distribution
Parodia Parodia File:Parodia aureicentra flowers.jpg Parodia aureicentra Backeb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Argentina (Salta)
File:Parodia ayopayana 2019-05-10 01.jpg Parodia ayopayana CárdenasScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia.
File:Parodia chrysacanthion 10.JPG Parodia chrysacanthion (K.Schum.) Backeb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Argentina (Jujuy)
File:Parodia columnaris pm.jpg Parodia columnaris CárdenasScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia.
File:Parodia comarapana (8415155123).jpg Parodia comarapana CárdenasScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia.
File:Parodia diersiana 15556.jpg Parodia diersiana JuckerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia.
File:Parodia maxima.jpg Parodia commutans F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia
File:Parodia winbergii MN137 13917.jpg Parodia formosa F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia
Parodia gibbulosoides F.H.BrandtScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia.
File:ParodiaLaui 252.JPG Parodia hausteiniana RauschScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia
Parodia hegeri Diers, Krahn & BeckertScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia
Parodia horrida F.H.BrandtScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Argentina (Salta)
Parodia larapuntensis Diers & JuckerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia (Chuquisaca)
File:Parodia maassii 01.jpg Parodia maassii (Heese) A.BergerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia to Argentina (Jujuy)
Parodia mairanana CárdenasScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia (Santa Cruz).
File:Parodia microsperma.jpg Parodia microsperma (F.A.C.Weber) Speg.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia to NW. Argentina
File:Parodia penicillata 2.JPG Parodia nivosa Backeb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Argentina (Salta)
File:Parodia ocampoi pm.jpg Parodia ocampoi CárdenasScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia
Parodia otaviana CárdenasScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia.
Parodia prestoensis F.H.BrandtScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia.
File:Parodia procera 01.jpg Parodia procera F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia
File:仙人掌錦繡玉(南國玉)屬 Parodia rubida -紐西蘭 Christchurch Botanic Garden, New Zealand- (46512522561).jpg Parodia ritteri BuiningScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia.
File:Parodia schwebsiana.jpg Parodia schwebsiana (Werderm.) Backeb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia
File:P stuemeri HTH 14 106 296 1.JPG Parodia stuemeri (Werderm.) Backeb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Argentina (Jujuy, Salta)
File:Parodia subterranea 01.jpg Parodia subterranea F.RitterScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia
File:Parodia taratensis.jpg Parodia taratensis CárdenasScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia
File:Parodia tuberculata, Jardín Botánico, Múnich, Alemania, 2013-09-08, DD 01.JPG Parodia tuberculata CárdenasScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Bolivia.
Notocactus File:Notocactus allosiphon.JPG Parodia allosiphon (Marchesi) N.P.TaylorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) to Uruguay
File:Notocactus buiningii 01.jpg Parodia buiningii (Buxb.) N.P.TaylorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) to Uruguay
Parodia calvescens (N.Gerloff & A.D.Nilson) Anceschi & MagliScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) to Argentina (Corrientes)
File:Parodia claviceps 2020-07-18 01.jpg Parodia claviceps (F.Ritter) F.H.BrandtScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) to Argentina (Misiones).
File:Parodia carambeiensis in habitat.jpg Parodia carambeiensis (Buining & Brederoo) HofackerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Paraná)
File:Parodia tabularis pm 1.JPG Parodia concinna (Monv.) N.P.TaylorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) to Uruguay
File:Notocactus ubelmannianus.JPG Parodia crassigibba (F.Ritter) N.P.TaylorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
File:Parodia arnostiana (Lisal & Kolarik) Hofacker.jpg Parodia curvispina (F.Ritter) D.R.HuntScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
Parodia erinaceus (Haw.) N.P.TaylorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Central Colombia, Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) to NE. & S. Central Argentina
File:Notocactus schlosseri - erubescens Parodia erubescens.jpg Parodia × erubescens (Osten) D.R.HuntScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (P. mammulosa x P. concinna) Uruguay
File:Parodia fusca (F.Ritter) Hofacker & P.J.Braun.jpg Parodia fusca (F.Ritter) Hofacker & P.J.BraunScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". S. Brazil.
Parodia gaucha M.Machado & LaroccaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul).
File:Parodia-herteri-1.jpg Parodia herteri (Werderm.) N.P.TaylorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) to Uruguay.
File:Parodia horstii pm.jpg Parodia horstii (F.Ritter) N.P.TaylorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul).
Parodia ibicuiensis (Prestlé) Anceschi & MagliScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul ).
Parodia langsdorfii (Lehm.) D.R.HuntScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". S. Brazil.
File:Parodia linkii (Lehmann) R. Kiesling.JPG Parodia linkii (Lehm.) R.KieslingScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". S. Brazil to NE. Argentina
File:Parodia mammulosa1001.jpg Parodia mammulosa (Lem.) N.P.TaylorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) to Argentina
File:Parodia rutilans.jpg Parodia mueller-melchersii (Frič ex Backeb.) N.P.TaylorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) to Uruguay
Parodia muricata (Link & Otto ex Pfeiff.) HofackerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". S. Brazil.
Parodia neoarechavaletae (Havlíček) D.R.HuntScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Uruguay.
Parodia neobuenekeri (F.Ritter) Anceschi & MagliScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil.
File:Ritterocactus horstii.jpg Parodia neohorstii N.P.TaylorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
Parodia nothorauschii D.R.HuntScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Uruguay
File:Notocactus ottonis 04.jpg Parodia ottonis (Lehm.) N.P.TaylorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". S. Brazil to NE. Argentina.
File:Parodia oxycostata 01.JPG Parodia oxycostata (Buining & Brederoo) HofackerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul).
Parodia roseolutea (Vliet) Hofacker, A.S.Oliveira & R.PontesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Uruguay.
File:Notocactus scopa.jpg Parodia scopa (Spreng.) N.P.TaylorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) to Uruguay
File:Parodia stockingeri.jpg Parodia stockingeri (Prestlé) Hofacker & P.J.BraunScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul).
File:Notocactus minimus.jpg Parodia tenuicylindrica (F.Ritter) D.R.HuntScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
Parodia werdermanniana (Herter) N.P.TaylorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) to Uruguay
Eriocactus (Buxb.) F.H.BrandtScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". File:Parodia 0085.JPG Parodia leninghausii (F.Haage) F.H.Brandt ex Eggli & HofackerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
File:Eriocactus magnificus JPG.jpg Parodia magnifica (F.Ritter) F.H.BrandtScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
Parodia nigrispina (K.Schum.) F.H.BrandtScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Paraguay
File:Pájara La Lajita - Oasis Park - Parodia schumanniana 02 ies.jpg Parodia schumanniana (Nicolai) F.H.BrandtScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) to Argentina (Misiones)
File:Notocactus wasarii.JPG Parodia warasii (F.Ritter) F.H.BrandtScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
Brasilicactus (Buxb.) F.H.BrandtScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". File:Parodia alacriportana (Brasilparodia) v brevihamata.jpg Parodia alacriportana Backeb. & VollScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil
File:Parodia haselbergii.jpg Parodia haselbergii (Haage ex Rümpler) F.H.BrandtScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
File:Parodia rechensis (Buining) F.H.Brandt.jpg Parodia rechensis (Buining) F.H.BrandtScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)

Synonyms

References

Template:Reflist

Bibliography

Template:Taxonbar Template:Auth

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Carlos Luis Spegazzini: Breves notas cactológicas. In: Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina. Band 96, 1923, S. 70.
  4. ↑ D. R. Hunt et al.: Cactaceae. In: S. M. Walters et al. (Hrsg.): The European Garden Flora. Band 3, S. 202–301, Cambridge 1989
  5. ↑ Reto Nyffeler: Notocactus versus Parodia – the search for a generic classification of the subtribe Notocactinae. In: Cactus Consensus Initiatives. Nr. 7, S. 6–8, 1999
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Retrieved from "http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Parodia&oldid=1885539"