N-Acetylneuraminic acid
<templatestyles src="Chembox/styles.css"/>
Template:Chembox image cellTemplate:Chembox AllOtherNamesTemplate:Chembox headerbarTemplate:Chembox IndexlistTemplate:Chembox JmolTemplate:Chembox ChEMBLTemplate:Chembox ECHATemplate:Chembox E numberTemplate:Chembox IUPHAR ligandTemplate:Chembox UNIITemplate:Chembox CompToxTemplate:Chembox headerbarTemplate:Chembox headerbarTemplate:Chembox HazardsTemplate:Chembox Datapage checkTemplate:Yesno| Template:Longitem | Template:Unbulleted list |
| ChEBI | Template:Unbulleted list |
| ChemSpider | Template:Unbulleted list |
| DrugBank | Template:Unbulleted list |
| EC Number | Template:Unbulleted list |
| KEGG | Template:Unbulleted list |
| MeSH | N-Acetylneuraminic+Acid |
| Template:Longitem | Template:Unbulleted list |
| RTECS number | Template:Unbulleted list |
| Script error: No such module "collapsible list". | |
| Script error: No such module "collapsible list". | |
| Template:Longitem | Template:Chembox Elements/molecular formula |
| Molar mass | Template:Chem molar mass |
| Appearance | White crystalline powder |
| Melting point | Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures |
| Template:Longitem | M09AX05 (WHO) |
Template:Chembox Footer/tracking container onlyScript error: No such module "TemplatePar".Template:Short description
N-Acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac or NANA) is the predominant sialic acid found in human cells, and many mammalian cells. Other forms, such as N-Glycolylneuraminic acid, may also occur in cells.
This residue is negatively charged at physiological pH and is found in complex glycans on mucins and glycoproteins found at the cell membrane. Neu5Ac residues are also found in glycolipids, known as gangliosides, a crucial component of neuronal membranes found in the brain.
Along with involvement in preventing infections (mucus associated with mucous membranes—mouth, nose, GI, respiratory tract), Neu5Ac acts as a receptor for influenza viruses, allowing attachment to mucous cells via hemagglutinin (an early step in acquiring influenzavirus infection).
In the biology of bacterial pathogens
Neu5Ac is also important in the biology of a number of pathogenic and symbiotic bacteria[1][2][3] as it can be used either as a nutrient, providing both carbon and nitrogen to the bacteria, or in some pathogens, can be activated and placed on the cell surface.[1] Bacteria have evolved transporters for Neu5Ac to enable them to capture it from their environment and a number of these have been characterized including the NanT protein from Escherichia coli,[4] the SiaPQM TRAP transporter from Haemophilus influenzae[5] and the SatABCD ABC transporter from Haemophilus ducreyi.[6]
Medical use
In Japan, Neu5Ac is approved under the trade name Acenobel for the treatment of distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles.[7]
See also
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Template:Other drugs for disorders of the musculo-skeletal system Template:Authority control