Souris River
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "redirect hatnote". Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".The Souris River (Template:IPAc-en; Template:Langx) or Mouse River (as it is alternatively known in the U.S., a translation of its French name) is a river in central North America. Approximately Script error: No such module "convert". in length, it drains about Script error: No such module "convert". in Canada and the United States.
Rising in southern Saskatchewan in the Yellow Grass Marshes north of Weyburn, the river wanders southeast into the U.S. through North Dakota beyond Minot to its most southern point at Velva, and then back north into Canada in southwestern Manitoba.
Flowing east, it passes through the communities of Melita, Hartney, Souris, and Wawanesa, Manitoba, prior to the confluence with the Assiniboine River near Treesbank, about Script error: No such module "convert". southeast of Brandon. The main tributaries of the Souris in Manitoba are the Antler River, Gainsborough Creek, and Plum Creek. The elevation at the confluence is approximately Script error: No such module "convert". above sea level.
At the end of the last ice age, over 10,000 years ago, the rapid draining of former Glacial Lake Regina eroded a large channel that is now occupied by the much smaller contemporary Souris River.[1] Also, much of the drainage basin is fertile silt and clay deposited by another former glacial lake, Lake Souris.
Flow rates and flood potential
During the period from 1930 to 1941 severe drought conditions prevailed and PFRA constructed four stock watering dams. In 1937 the Snyder and Ross Dams were built near Melita. In 1938 the Napinka Dam was built and the Hartney Dam was built in 1941. These were all stop log dams with a total capacity of Script error: No such module "convert".. The Souris Dam was originally built in 1911 and was rebuilt in 1935. The Wawanesa Dam was completed in 1951 storing about Script error: No such module "convert". of water.
Most of the annual flow of the Souris River comes from snow melt and spring rains. The annual flow volume varies dramatically from Script error: No such module "convert". in 1937 to Script error: No such module "convert". in 1976. It is expected that the total runoff for 2011 at Wawanesa will exceed Script error: No such module "convert". about a one in 500-year event. The average annual runoff is equivalent to 3 mm over the entire Souris River watershed.[2]
Two large dams in Saskatchewan, Rafferty Dam and Grant Devine Dam were built, in part, to reduce flood peaks on the Souris River.
In summer 2011, a historic flood affected much of the Souris River basin, overtopping levees and causing the evacuation of about 11,000 residents in Minot as well as significant damage to farmland and other property along the length of the river.
The channel capacity of the river in Manitoba varies from about Script error: No such module "convert". near the border, to about Script error: No such module "convert". through Melita, to about Script error: No such module "convert". near Lauder and Script error: No such module "convert". near Hartney. North of Hartney the capacity increases to more than Script error: No such module "convert".. The drop between the border and Hartney is only about Script error: No such module "convert"..
| Location | 1882 Peak Flow (cfs) (Estimated) [3][4][5][6] | 1976 Peak Flow (cfs) [7] | 2011 Peak Flow (cfs) [8][9][10] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Minot | 22,813.3[11] | 9,350 | 26,900 |
| Westhope | 18,500[12] | 12,400 | 30,400 |
| Melita | 30,017.5[13] | 21,300 | 26,800 |
| Souris | N/A | 24,800 | 28,200 |
| Wawanesa | 39,905.6[14] | 26,200 | 27,800 |
Tributaries
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- Long Creek
- Short Creek
- Moose Mountain Creek
- Des Lacs River
- Livingston Creek
- Wintering River
- Deep River
- Little Deep Creek
- Spring Coulee
- Cut Bank Creek (North Dakota)
- North Lake
- Little Deep Creek
- Willow Creek
- Plum Creek (Manitoba), a river that drains Plum Lakes and Oak Lake (Manitoba) into the Souris River
- Stony Creek, flows into Maple Lake, which drains into Plum Lakes
- Pipestone Creek (Saskatchewan), flows into Oak Lake
- Little Pipestone Creek
- Montgomery Creek
- Jackson Creek
- Graham Creek
- Boundary Creek (North Dakota)
- Antler River
- Gainsborough Creek
Communities along the river
Cities and towns
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Rural Municipalities
Bridges across the river
- Eastwood Park Bridge: NRHP-listed crossing in Minot, North Dakota
- Elliott Bridge: NRHP-listed crossing in McHenry County, North Dakota
- Westgaard Bridge: NRHP listed crossing in McHenry County, North Dakota
Fish species
Fish species include walleye, yellow perch, northern pike, white sucker, black bullhead, goldeye, brown bullhead, smallmouth bass, and burbot.
See also
References
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- ↑ Archived data from Water Survey Canada
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- ↑ Converted from 646 (m3/s)
- ↑ Estimated from graph
- ↑ Converted from 850 (m3/s)
- ↑ Converted from 1130 (m3/s)
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External links
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- Souris River
- Rivers of Manitoba
- Rivers of North Dakota
- Rivers of Saskatchewan
- International rivers of North America
- Bodies of water of Ward County, North Dakota
- Bodies of water of McHenry County, North Dakota
- Bodies of water of Bottineau County, North Dakota
- Bodies of water of Westman Region, Manitoba
- Tributaries of the Assiniboine River
- Tributaries of Hudson Bay