Mordvinic languages

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The Mordvinic languages,[1] also known as the Mordvin,[2] Mordovian or Mordvinian languages (Template:Langx, mordovskiye yazyki),[3] are a subgroup of the Uralic languages, comprising the closely related Erzya language and Moksha language, both spoken in Mordovia.[4]

Previously considered a single "Mordvin language",[5] it is now treated as a small language grouping.[6] Due to differences in phonology, lexicon, and grammar, Erzya and Moksha are not mutually intelligible.[7] The two Mordvinic languages also have separate literary forms. The Erzya literary language was created in 1922 and the Mokshan in 1923.[8]

Phonological differences between the two languages include:[5]

  • Moksha retains a distinction between the vowels Script error: No such module "IPA". while in Erzya, they have merged as Script error: No such module "IPA"..
  • In unstressed syllables, Erzya features vowel harmony like many other Uralic languages, using Script error: No such module "IPA". in front-vocalic words and Script error: No such module "IPA". in back-vocalic words. Moksha has a simple schwa Script error: No such module "IPA". in their place.
  • Word-initially, Erzya has a postalveolar affricate Script error: No such module "IPA". corresponding to a fricative Script error: No such module "IPA". in Moksha.
  • Next to voiceless consonants, liquids Script error: No such module "IPA". and the semivowel Script error: No such module "IPA". are devoiced in Moksha to Script error: No such module "IPA"..

The medieval Meshcherian language may have been Mordvinic or close to Mordvinic.[9]

Classification

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File:Moksha-Erzya-Shoksha dialects in Mordovia map.svg
Dialects of Moksha and Erzya languages in the Republic of Mordovia <templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  Moksha
*M-I Central group *M-II Western group *M-III Southeast group <templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  Erzya
*E-I Central group *E-II Western group *E-III Northwestern group *E-IV Southeast group <templatestyles src="Legend/styles.css" />
  Shoksha
*E-V Shoksha dialect

Traditionally, Uralicists grouped the Mordvinic and Mari languages together in the so-called Volgaic branch of the Uralic family; this view was however abandoned in the late 20th century.[10] Instead, some Uralicists now prefer a rapid expansion model, with Mordvinic as one out of nine primary branches of Uralic; others propose a close relation between Mordvinic with the Finnic and Saamic branches of Uralic.[11][12][13]

References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Mordvin languages @ google books
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Феоктистов А. П. Мордовские языки. основы финно-угорского языкознания. Прибалтийско-финские, саамский и мордовские языки. М., 1975
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".

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