Missouri's 4th congressional district
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Missouri's 4th congressional district comprises west-central Missouri. It stretches from the northern half of Columbia to the southern and eastern suburbs of Kansas City, including a sliver of Kansas City in Cass County and parts of Blue Springs in Jackson County. It also includes the portion of Columbia north of Interstate 70, home to the University of Missouri (but not the university itself).
The district is predominantly rural and relatively conservative; George W. Bush defeated John Kerry 64% to 35% in the 2004 election and John McCain defeated Barack Obama 61% to 38% in the 2008 election. The district is currently represented by Republican Mark Alford, a former reporter for WDAF-TV, the city's Fox affiliate.
This district had historically been a Democratic Party stronghold. Antipathy to the Republican Party had its origins in the American Civil War and the infamous General Order 11. The Union Army ordered evacuation of the county in an attempt to reduce support for and the power of bushwhacker guerrillas. After the Civil War, there was disfranchisement of white males (mostly Democrats) who had been active for the Confederacy until they took loyalty oaths, or until 1870. The area was filled with conflict between Missouri's Radicals, who joined the Republicans, and Conservatives, who were Democrats. By 1880 former secessionists dominated Missouri's congressional delegation and state legislatureScript error: No such module "Unsubst"..
Gradually this area developed a character similar to yellow dog Democrat districts in the South. Until 2010, only one Republican had been elected here since the Great Depression, and only for one term. However, several demographic trends have converged to erode the Democratic base in this district. First, as the New York Times election maps show, the predominantly rural counties lining the Missouri River have sharply trended Republican between the 2000 Senate election and the 2006 election, following trends across the South.[1]
Secondly, population losses in Kansas City resulted in the 4th gradually losing much of its share of heavily Democratic Jackson County to the Kansas City-based 5th district. Until 1983, the district stretched as far as Independence on Kansas City's eastern border; as late as 1973 it included the eastern portion of Kansas City itself. To compensate for the loss of territory closer to Kansas City, large portions of heavily Republican Southwest Missouri were reassigned from the neighboring 7th district.[2] The result of these trends resulted in a dramatic collapse of Democratic support in the district. Al Gore, John Kerry, and Barack Obama won less than 40% of the vote here. It ultimately presaged Ike Skelton's defeat by Vicky Hartzler in 2010. Since Skelton's defeat, no Democrat has managed even 40 percent of the vote.
Missouri's 4th congressional district includes all of 20 counties and portions of another 4 counties: Barton,Bates, Benton, Boone (parts), Camden (parts), Cass, Cedar, Dade, Dallas, Henry, Hickory, Howard, Jackson (parts), Johnson, Laclede, Lafayette, Morgan, Pettis, Polk, Pulaski, Saline, St. Clair, Vernon, and Webster (parts).[3]
Recent election results from statewide races
Composition
For the 118th and successive Congresses (based on redistricting following the 2020 census), the district contains all or portions of the following counties, townships, and municipalities:[5]
Barton County (8)
- All 8 communities
Bates County (11)
- All 11 communities
Benton County (6)
- All 6 communities
Boone County (5)
- Centralia, Columbia (part; also 3rd), Hallsville, Harrisburg, Sturgeon
Camden County (9)
- Camdenton, Climax Springs, Friedenswald, Linn Creek, Macks Creek, Montreal, Osage Beach (part; also 3rd), Stoutland (shared with Laclede County), Sunrise Beach (part; also 3rd)
Cass County (23)
- All 23 communities
Cedar County (5)
- All 5 communities
Dade County (6)
- All 6 communities
Dallas County (4)
- All 4 communities
Henry County (11)
- All 11 communities
Hickory County (5)
- All 5 communities
Howard County (5)
- All 5 communities
Jackson County (8)
- Blue Springs (part; also 5th), Grain Valley, Independence (part; also 5th and 6th), Lake Lotawana (part; also 5th), Lone Jack, Oak Grove (shared with Lafayette County), Pleasant Hills (shared with Cass County), Tarsney Lakes
Johnson County (9)
- All 9 communities
Laclede County (16)
- All 16 communities
Lafayette County (17)
- All 17 communities
Morgan County (7)
- All 7 communities
Pettis County (8)
- All 8 communities
Polk County (8)
- All 8 communities
Pulaski County (6)
- All 6 communities
St. Clair County (7)
- All 7 communities
Saline County (12)
- All 12 communities
Vernon County (11)
- All 11 communities
Webster County (2)
List of members representing the district
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Election Results
2010
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Vicky Hartzler | Script error: No such module "string". | 50.43% | |
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Ike Skelton (incumbent) | Script error: No such module "string". | 45.11% | |
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Jason Michael Braun | Script error: No such module "string". | 2.72% | |
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Greg Cowan | Script error: No such module "string". | 1.74% | |
| Total votes | Script error: No such module "string". | 100.00% | ||
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2012
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Vicky Hartzler (incumbent) | Script error: No such module "string". | 60.3% | |
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Teresa Hensley | Script error: No such module "string". | 35.5% | |
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Bill Slantz | Script error: No such module "string". | 3.3% | |
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Greg Cowan | Script error: No such module "string". | 0.5% | |
| Total votes | Script error: No such module "string". | 100.0% | ||
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2014
Template:Election box candidate no change| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Vicky Hartzler (incumbent) | Script error: No such module "string". | 68.08% | |
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Nate Irvin | Script error: No such module "string". | 26.36% | |
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Herschel L. Young | Script error: No such module "string". | 5.56% | |
| Total votes | Script error: No such module "string". | 100% | ||
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2016
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Vicky Hartzler (incumbent) | Script error: No such module "string". | 67.83% | |
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Gordon Christensen | Script error: No such module "string". | 27.85% | |
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Mark Bliss | Script error: No such module "string". | 4.33% | |
| Total votes | Script error: No such module "string". | 100% | ||
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2018
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Vicky Hartzler (incumbent) | Script error: No such module "string". | 64.8% | |
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Renee Hoagenson | Script error: No such module "string". | 32.7% | |
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Mark Bliss | Script error: No such module "string". | 2.5% | |
| Total votes | Script error: No such module "string". | 100% | ||
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2020
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Vicky Hartzler (incumbent) | Script error: No such module "string". | 67.6 | |
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Lindsey Simmons | Script error: No such module "string". | 29.7 | |
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Steven K. Koonse | Script error: No such module "string". | 2.7 | |
| Total votes | Script error: No such module "string". | 100.0 | ||
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2024
Template:Election box write-in with party link no change|-| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Mark Alford | Script error: No such module "string". | 71.1 | |
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Jeanette Cass | Script error: No such module "string". | 26.4 | |
| Script error: No such module "Political party". | Thomas Holbrook | Script error: No such module "string". | 2.5 | |
| Total votes | Script error: No such module "string". | 100.0 | ||
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Prior results
2008 Presidential Election Results
The table below shows how individual counties in MO-04 voted in the 2008 presidential election. U.S. Senator John McCain (R-Arizona) won every single county in MO-04 and swept the district with 60.58 percent of the vote while U.S. Senator Barack Obama (D-Illinois) received 37.87 percent, a 22.71-percent margin of victory for the GOP.
| County | John McCain | Barack Obama | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Barton | 74.21 | 24.46 | R + 49.75 |
| Dade | 69.65 | 28.79 | R + 40.86 |
| Moniteau | 67.02 | 31.27 | R + 35.75 |
| Laclede | 66.62 | 31.97 | R + 34.65 |
| Cedar | 66.01 | 32.42 | R + 33.59 |
| Polk | 65.39 | 33.24 | R + 32.15 |
| Dallas | 63.71 | 34.57 | R + 29.14 |
| Webster | 63.77 | 34.76 | R + 29.01 |
| Pulaski | 63.68 | 34.99 | R + 28.69 |
| Camden | 63.59 | 35.12 | R + 28.47 |
| Cole | 62.94 | 36.03 | R + 26.91 |
| Pettis | 60.51 | 38.07 | R + 22.44 |
| Benton | 60.20 | 37.93 | R + 22.27 |
| Vernon | 60.08 | 38.08 | R + 22.00 |
| St. Clair | 59.76 | 37.81 | R + 21.95 |
| Morgan | 59.58 | 38.97 | R + 20.61 |
| Cass | 59.18 | 39.55 | R + 19.63 |
| Bates | 58.35 | 39.49 | R + 18.86 |
| Lafayette | 56.88 | 41.58 | R + 15.30 |
| Hickory | 55.72 | 42.44 | R + 13.28 |
| Johnson | 55.18 | 42.93 | R + 12.25 |
| Henry | 54.62 | 43.63 | R + 10.99 |
| Ray | 50.60 | 47.42 | R + 3.18 |
| Saline | 50.39 | 47.85 | R + 2.54 |
2008 Missouri Democratic Presidential Primary Election Results
The table below shows how individual counties in MO-04 voted in the 2008 Missouri Democratic Presidential Primary. Former U.S. Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton (D-New York) swept the district by a convincing margin over U.S. Senator Barack Obama (D-Illinois). Clinton won every county in the district with the exception of Cole County, home of the State Capitol.
| County | Hillary Clinton | Barack Obama | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Benton | 68.77 | 26.95 | C + 41.82 |
| St. Clair | 67.52 | 26.12 | C + 41.40 |
| Hickory | 67.95 | 27.86 | C + 40.09 |
| Ray | 65.29 | 30.31 | C + 34.98 |
| Bates | 63.51 | 30.08 | C + 33.43 |
| Dallas | 63.75 | 32.01 | C + 31.74 |
| Henry | 63.18 | 32.10 | C + 31.08 |
| Barton | 63.43 | 32.85 | C + 30.58 |
| Polk | 63.81 | 33.28 | C + 30.53 |
| Vernon | 61.55 | 31.42 | C + 30.13 |
| Dade | 62.22 | 33.12 | C + 29.10 |
| Laclede | 62.48 | 33.77 | C + 28.71 |
| Morgan | 62.05 | 33.58 | C + 28.47 |
| Cedar | 60.30 | 33.00 | C + 27.30 |
| Webster | 61.20 | 34.46 | C + 26.74 |
| Lafayette | 60.75 | 35.40 | C + 25.35 |
| Moniteau | 60.38 | 36.38 | C + 24.00 |
| Cass | 59.76 | 36.73 | C + 23.03 |
| Saline | 57.46 | 37.85 | C + 19.61 |
| Camden | 57.99 | 38.75 | C + 19.24 |
| Pulaski | 56.07 | 39.35 | C + 16.72 |
| Pettis | 54.76 | 41.38 | C + 13.38 |
| Johnson | 53.22 | 43.07 | C + 10.15 |
| Cole | 45.07 | 51.16 | O + 6.09 |
See also
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References
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- ↑ https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/cong_dist/cd118/cd_based/ST27/CD118_MO04.pdf
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- Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present
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- Congressional districts of Missouri
- Constituencies established in 1847
- 1847 establishments in Missouri
- Constituencies disestablished in 1933
- 1933 disestablishments in Missouri
- Constituencies established in 1935
- 1935 establishments in Missouri