Ministry of National Defense (Chile)
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The Ministry of National Defense (Template:Langx) is the cabinet-level administrative office in charge of "maintaining the independence and sovereignty" of Chile. It is also charged with planning, directing, coordinating, executing, controlling and informing the defense policies formulated by the President of Chile. The minister supervises all the Chilean armed forces. It is Chile's ministry of defence.
History
During the first days of the independence movements, the senior "secretary" of the respective Junta would function as the Secretary of Government with administrative power over the army. The office officially first came to be on 17 March 1814, when then Supreme Director Francisco de la Lastra dictated the Constitutional Norms approved on that date. It was then named Secretariat of War. It was abolished the same year by the Spanish authorities when, after the Battle of Rancagua, they re-asserted royal power.
On 23 October 1818, after independence the secretariat was re-established, but this time with the inclusion of the Department of Navy as a "Secretariat of War and Navy" (1818–1837), though in common usage, the secretaries started to be called ministers when they held both secretariats (War and Navy) concurrently. Later on 1 February 1837 the office was officially renamed "Ministry of War and Navy" (1837–1932). In 1924, War and Navy were separated into two independent ministries, but on 8 July 1932 both branches were reunited again into one ministry renamed "Ministry of Defense", with the addition of the department of Aviation that had belonged to the Ministry of the Interior until that date.
On 28 October 1947, by Decree 2.320, it fell under the purview of this ministry the control of the Supreme Command of National Defense, the General Staff of the Armed Forces, the Central Purchasing Committee of the Armed Forces, the Civil Defense Forces and the Chilean chapter of the Red Cross. In 1960, the oversight was expanded to include the Superior Council on National Security (Consusena) and the Council of Commanders-in-Chief. According to Decree 200 of 15 April 1976, the oversight was again expanded to include the National Police (Carabineros and Investigaciones).
As indicated before, this ministry has undergone several reorganizations during its long history, reflected in its different names:
- Secretariat of War (1814)
- Secretariat of War and Navy (1818–1831)
- Ministry of War and Navy (1831–1924)
- Ministry of War and Ministry of Navy (1924–1932)
- Ministry of National Defense – First Creation (1932)
- Ministry of War and Aviation and Ministry of Navy (1932)
- Ministry of National Defense – Second Creation (1932–present)
Organization
The main dependencies of the Ministry are:
- Subsecretariat of Defense: in charge of the defence policy
- Subsecretariat of the Armed Forces in charge of the administratives duties
- Joint Staff Command
Titulars
Patria Vieja period
| Picture | Name | Entered Office | Exited Office | Notes | Appointed by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andrés Nicolás de Orjera | 14 March 1814 | 23 July 1814 | Secretary of War | Francisco de la Lastra | |
| File:MRodriguezE.jpg | Manuel Rodríguez Erdoyza | 10 August 1814 | 2 October 1814 | Secretary of War | Government Junta |
Ministers of War
| Picture | Name | Entered Office | Exited Office | Notes | Appointed by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emiliano Ortiz Vega | 19 December 1924 | 23 January 1925 | September Junta | ||
| File:CarlosIbanezDC.jpg | Carlos Ibáñez del Campo | 29 January 1925 | 22 February 1927 | January Junta | |
| Emiliano Ortiz Vega | 22 February 1927 | 23 May 1927 | Emiliano Figueroa | ||
| Carlos Frödden Lorenzen | 23 May 1927 | 21 June 1927 | Minister of National Defense | Carlos Ibáñez del Campo | |
| File:BBlanche.jpg | Bartolomé Blanche Espejo | 21 June 1927 | 7 November 1930 | ||
| File:PedroCharpin.png | Pedro Charpin Rival | 7 November 1930 | 26 July 1931 | ||
| Carlos Sáez Morales | 26 July 1931 | 14 August 1931 | Appointed by | Pedro Opazo | |
| Reappointed by | Juan Esteban Montero | ||||
| Enrique Bravo Ortiz | 14 August 1931 | 3 September 1931 | |||
| Carlos Vergara Montero | 3 September 1931 | 5 March 1932 | Manuel Trucco |
| Picture | Name | Entered Office | Exited Office | Notes | Appointed by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| File:LuisGomezCarreno.jpg | Luis Gómez Carreño | 19 December 1924 | 23 January 1925 | September Junta | |
| Braulio Bahamonde | 29 January 1925 | 23 December 1925 | January Junta | ||
| Arturo Swett Otaegui | 23 December 1925 | 22 February 1927 | Emiliano Figueroa | ||
| Carlos Frödden Lorenzen | 22 February 1927 | 23 May 1927 | |||
| 23 May 1927 | 21 June 1927 | Minister of National Defense | Carlos Ibáñez del Campo | ||
| 21 June 1927 | 5 August 1930 | ||||
| Edgardo von Schröeders Sarratea | 5 August 1930 | 27 April 1931 | |||
| Hipólito Marchant Morales | 27 April 1931 | 26 July 1931 | |||
| Calisto Rogers Ceas | 26 July 1931 | 3 September 1931 | Appointed by | Pedro Opazo | |
| Reappointed by | Juan Esteban Montero | ||||
| Enrique Spoerer Jardel | 3 September 1931 | 5 March 1932 | Manuel Trucco |
Ministers of National Defense (First Creation)
| Picture | Name | Entered Office | Exited Office | Notes | Appointed by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Miguel Urrutia Barboza | 9 March 1932 | 7 April 1932 | Juan Esteban Montero | ||
| Ignacio Urrutia Manzano | 7 April 1932 | 4 June 1932 | |||
| File:Marmaduque Grove.jpg | Marmaduque Grove Vallejo | 5 June 1932 | 17 June 1932 | Socialist Junta | |
| File:APugaOsorio.jpg | Arturo Puga Osorio | 17 June 1932 | 8 July 1932 |
Ministers of War and Aviation
| Picture | Name | Entered Office | Exited Office | Notes | Appointed by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pedro Lagos Lagos | 8 July 1932 | 14 September 1932 | Carlos Dávila | ||
| Luis Otero Mujica | 14 September 1932 | 3 October 1932 | Bartolomé Blanche | ||
| Carlos Sáez Morales | 3 October 1932 | 24 December 1932 | Abraham Oyanedel |
| Picture | Name | Entered Office | Exited Office | Notes | Appointed by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Francisco Nieto | 8 July 1932 | 12 August 1932 | Carlos Dávila | ||
| Alberto Barbosa Baeza | 12 August 1932 | 13 August 1932 | |||
| José Manuel Montalva Barrientos | 13 August 1932 | 3 October 1932 | |||
| Arturo Swett Otaegui | 3 October 1932 | 24 December 1932 | Abraham Oyanedel |
Ministers of National Defense (Second Creation, 1932–1990)
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Ministers of National Defense (1990–present)
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See also
References
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External links
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