Tornado outbreak of June 14–18, 1992

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The Tornado outbreak of June 14–18, 1992 was one of the largest tornado outbreaks on record, affecting portions of the Central United States from June 14 to June 18, 1992. The outbreak began on June 14 when six tornadoes touched down in Colorado and Idaho. Fifty-eight tornadoes were reported across portions of the Great Plains on June 15, and 65 more were reported over much of the central U.S. on June 16. The 123 tornadoes that touched down on June 15–16 make that two-day span the 5th largest two-day tornado outbreak in U.S. history behind the 1974 Super Outbreak, the May 2004 tornado outbreak sequence, the tornado outbreak of April 14–16, 2011, and the 2011 Super Outbreak. Twenty-eight more tornadoes touched down on June 17, and 13 more touched down on June 18, giving this outbreak 170 confirmed tornadoes.

Meteorological synopsis

A major spring storm began developing in the western United States over the weekend of June 13–14, 1992. The storm ejected a minor upper air impulse across the Northern Plains on June 13, triggering severe weather across the extreme northwest corner of South Dakota. Golf ball sized hail and 10 inches of rain destroyed crops and killed over 500 sheep in Harding County, South Dakota. This event preceded the main storm which still was positioned over the western United States. As the storm moved to the east over the next several days, it caused 170 tornadoes in the central United States, including an F5 tornado in Chandler, Minnesota. The storm system finally began to weaken as it moved to the eastern United States on June 18.

Outbreak description

File:Leota damage.jpg
Tornado damage near Leota, Minnesota

On Tuesday, June 16, 1992, eastern South Dakota and southwest Minnesota were heavily impacted by the storm as it moved from the Rocky Mountain Region across the Upper Midwest. At least two dozen tornadoes were reported that day, with more than three times that many reports of large hail and strong winds, causing widespread swaths of damage to crops, buildings, and other personal property across much of eastern South Dakota and southwest Minnesota. The first tornado, spawned by a supercell thunderstorm, touched down in Charles Mix County, South Dakota about 1:00 pm. The last tornado was reported shortly before midnight that evening, ending an 11-hour period of intense severe weather across eastern South Dakota and southwest Minnesota. Until the record was broken in 2010, the 27 tornadoes that touched down in Minnesota on June 16 marked the largest single day tornado outbreak in Minnesota since accurate records started being kept in 1950.[1][2]

Remarkably, there was only one fatality from this outbreak, that coming from an F5 tornado in Chandler, Minnesota. In addition to the F5, three F4 tornadoes were reported in Murray County, Minnesota, and Mitchell and McPherson counties in Kansas. Damage estimates for the two days were in excess of $160 million.[3][4][5][6]

This outbreak played a large part in a record setting month in June 1992. The 399 tornadoes that touched down in that month was a United States record at the time, breaking the old record of 335 tornadoes set in May 1991. This record was eventually broken, when 543 tornadoes touched down during May 2003.[7] This record, though, would be broken in turn when over 750 tornadoes touched down in April 2011.[8][9]

Confirmed tornadoes

Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
FU F0 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 Total
0 54 64 33 15 3 1 170

June 14 event

List of confirmed tornadoes
F# Location County Time (UTC) Path length Damage
Idaho
F0 E of Burley Cassia 2202 0 miles A brief tornado touched down twice.[10]
Colorado
F0 W of Gill Weld 0026 Script error: No such module "convert". This tornado occurred near the Greeley–Weld County Airport.[11]
F0 N of Goodrich Morgan 0027 0 miles Debris persisted for a few minutes.[11]
F0 SE of Raymer Morgan 0027 0 miles This tornado moved three grain bins for Script error: No such module "convert"..[11]
F0 NE of Barnesville Weld 0115 0 miles This and the next event were observed nearly simultaneously.[11]
F0 N of Fort Morgan Weld 0130 0 miles See previous event.[11]

June 15 event

List of confirmed tornadoes
F# Location County Time (UTC) Path length Damage
Kansas
F0 NE of Plainville (1st tornado) Rooks 2115 Script error: No such module "convert". This tornado occurred over open land.[12]
F1 N of Natoma (1st tornado) Osborne 2126 Script error: No such module "convert". Very minimal damage was reported.[12]
F0 E of Zurich Rooks 2128 Script error: No such module "convert". One mobile home was destroyed on the eastern outskirts of Plainville.[12]
F1 NE of Plainville (2nd tornado) Rooks 2137 Script error: No such module "convert". This tornado destroyed a double-wide and a feedlot. 30–40 head of cattle died. Two injuries occurred in the double-wide. Grazulis classified the tornado as an F2.[13][12]
F0 N of Natoma (2nd tornado) Osborne 2146 Script error: No such module "convert". This tornado lasted only a minute.[12]
F0 SE of Bloomington (1st tornado) Osborne 2251 Script error: No such module "convert". Tornado occurred over open country.[14]
F1 SE of Bloomington (2nd tornado) Osborne 2251 Script error: No such module "convert". Several farms were damaged.[14]
F1 SE of Osborne (1st tornado) Osborne 2315 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SW of Osborne Osborne 2334–2337 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 S of Osborne Osborne 2340 Script error: No such module "convert". This tornado felled a number of large trees.[14]
F1 Osborne area Osborne 2345 Script error: No such module "convert". Trees and roofs were badly damaged.[14]
F1 SE of Osborne (2nd tornado) Osborne 2355 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 SE of Corinth Mitchell 2356 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SE of Mankato Jewell 2359 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 NE of Tipton (1st tornado) Mitchell 0002 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SW of Webber Jewell 0006 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 NE of Tipton (2nd tornado) Mitchell 0007 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 E of Mankato Jewell 0009 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 E of Tipton Mitchell 0010 Script error: No such module "convert".
F4 SW of Beloit (1st tornado) Mitchell 0030 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 NW of Lovewell Jewell 0035 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 SW of Beloit (2nd tornado) Mitchell 0035 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 SW of Beloit (3rd tornado) Mitchell 0038 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SW of Beloit (4th tornado) Mitchell 0040 Script error: No such module "convert".
F3 SW of Beloit (5th tornado) Mitchell 0045 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SW of Beloit (6th tornado) Mitchell 0055 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 N of Republic Republic 0100 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SW of Beloit (7th tornado) Mitchell 0105 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SW of Simpson Mitchell 0135 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SE of Simpson Cloud 0152 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 NE of Simpson Cloud 0158 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 S of Delphos Ottawa 0235 Script error: No such module "convert".
F3 W of Delphos Ottawa 0252 Script error: No such module "convert".
F4 McPherson McPherson 0335 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 NW of Miltonvale Cloud 0337 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 Roxbury McPherson 0340 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SE of Roxbury to NW of Ramona McPherson, Marion 0509 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SW of Elmo Dickinson 0520 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 SW of Abilene Dickinson 0538 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 E of Enterprise Dickinson 0648 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 S of Solomon Dickinson 0705 Script error: No such module "convert".
South Dakota
F2 S of Philip Haakon 2210 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 NE of Raymond Clark 0005 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 SE of Bristol Day 0250 Script error: No such module "convert".
Nebraska
F1 Doniphan Hall 0020 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 SW of Osceola Polk 0045 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 N of Hampton Hamilton 0055 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 N of Schuyler (1st tornado) Colfax 0115 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 N of Schuyler (2nd tornado) Colfax 0115 Script error: No such module "convert".
F3 SE of Milligan to W of Milford Saline, Seward 0155 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 W of West Point Cuming 0250 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SW of West Point Cuming 0255 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SE of West Point Cuming 0300 Script error: No such module "convert".
F3 W of Malcolm Seward 0315 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 N of Bancroft Cuming 0320 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 NW of Tecumseh Johnson 0458 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 NW of Johnson Johnson 0512 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SW of Burr Otoe 0530 Script error: No such module "convert".
Sources: Tornado History Project Storm Data - June 15, 1992Template:Category handler[<span title="Script error: No such module "string".">usurped]Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

June 16 event

List of confirmed tornadoes
F# Location County Time (UTC) Path length Damage
South Dakota
F2 W of Mitchell (1st tornado) Davison 1930 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 W of Mitchell (2nd tornado) Davison 1930 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 NE of Letcher Sanborn 2023 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 SW of Fedora Miner 2025 Script error: No such module "convert".
F3 SW of Oldham Miner 2045 Script error: No such module "convert".
F3 S of Arlington Kingsbury, Brookings 2135 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 W of Oldham Kingsbury 2137 Script error: No such module "convert".
F3 W of Fort Thompson Buffalo 2215 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 SW of Pickstown Charles Mix 0003 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 NE of Tripp Hutchinson 0110 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 Bridgewater (1st tornado) McCook 0130 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 Bridgewater (2nd tornado) McCook 0130 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 Brookings area Brookings 0130 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 NE of Rutland Lake 0145 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 SW of Centerville Clay 0150 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 Colton Minnehaha 0200 Script error: No such module "convert".
Iowa
F1 NE of Cedar Falls Black Hawk 2003 Script error: No such module "convert".
F3 NW of Logan to N of Dow City Harrison, Crawford 0230 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 SE of Perkins Sioux 0255 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 S of Ida Grove Ida 0348 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 NE of Soldier Monona 0401 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 NE of Oakland Pottawattamie 0500 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 SW of Dumfries Mills 0514 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 Harlan area Shelby 0545 Script error: No such module "convert".
Nebraska
F0 SW of Hemingford Box Butte 2120 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 W of Alliance Box Butte 2151 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SE of Ainsworth Brown 2215 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 N of Newport Rock 2315 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SW of Anselmo Custer 2317 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 SE of Anselmo Custer 2323 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 NW of Gates Custer 2335 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SE of Naper Boyd 2338 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 NE of Butte Boyd 2350 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 Hartington Cedar 0147 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 NE of Oakland Burt 0400 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 S of Western Saline 0405 Script error: No such module "convert".
F0 NE of Waverly Lancaster 0423 Script error: No such module "convert".
Minnesota
F5 S of Leota to E of Lake Wilson Nobles, Murray, Lyon 2200 Script error: No such module "convert". 1 death – See article on this tornado – 40+ people were injured.
F4 E of Lake Wilson Murray 2218 Script error: No such module "convert".
F3 S of Clarkfield Yellow Medicine 2230 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 NE of Hadley Murray 2230 Script error: No such module "convert".
F3 NW of Currie Murray, Lyon 2300 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 E of Amiret Lyon 2318 Script error: No such module "convert".
F3 NE of Tracy Redwood 2325 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SW of Milroy Redwood 2355 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 NE of Danvers Swift 2358 Script error: No such module "convert".
F3 W of Wabasso Redwood 0010 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 N of Vesta Redwood 0025 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 S of Delhi Redwood 0025 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 W of Redwood Falls Redwood 0030 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 E of Delhi Redwood 0040 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 W of Bechyn Renville 0050 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 NW of Bechyn Renville 0125 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 W of Sacred Heart Renville 0200 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 NW of Jasper Pipestone 0200 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 S of Chandler Murray 0210 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 W of Slayton Murray 0220 Script error: No such module "convert".
F3 SE of Clarkfield Yellow Medicine 0240 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 S of Danube Renville 0330 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 E of Westbrook Cottonwood 0330 Script error: No such module "convert".
F1 SE of Leavenworth Brown 0400 Script error: No such module "convert".
F3 Cokato Wright 0410 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 N of Maple Lake Wright 0420 Script error: No such module "convert".
F2 NW of Foley Benton 0450 Script error: No such module "convert".
North Dakota
F0 E of Bismarck Burleigh 2320 Script error: No such module "convert".
Sources: Tornado History Project Storm Data - June 16, 1992Template:Category handler[<span title="Script error: No such module "string".">usurped]Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Non-tornadic events

In addition to the severe weather, another devastating weather event was taking place across northeastern South Dakota. Heavy rains were occurring in an area already saturated by previous rains. Over a two- to three-day period in mid-June 1992, 15 to 20 inches of rain fell in the Clear Lake-Watertown area of northeast South Dakota, resulting in widespread flooding throughout the area, and major downstream flooding of the Big Sioux River.

See also

References

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  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  12. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "Footnotes".

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