Medina County, Texas

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Medina County is a county located in the South central part of the U.S. state Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 50,748.[1] Its county seat is Hondo.[2] The county is named for the Medina River. The extreme northern part of the county lies within the Edwards Plateau, which elevates into the Texas Hill Country. The Medina Dam, the fourth-largest in the nation when completed in 1913, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[3] The irrigation project, creating Medina Lake, was built by 1500 skilled workers who worked in shifts operating 24 hours a day to complete the dam in two years. Medina County is part of the San Antonio, TX metropolitan statistical area.

History

The county is named after the Medina River, which was named in 1689 after Spanish cartographer Pedro de Medina by Spanish explorer Alonso de Leon, the first European to encounter the river.[4] Because Pedro de Medina derived his surname from the Andalusian city of Medina-Sidonia, the name Medina comes from the Arabic for city.

The Texas Legislature formed Medina County on February 12, 1848, and enlarged it on February 1, 1850, using land taken from Bexar County. Castroville was the county seat, and the county erected the first permanent courthouse there in 1854. The county seat moved to Hondo in 1892, and a new courthouse was completed there in 1893.[5]

Texas-Indian Wars

The county was home to tribes such as the Lipan Apache, Coahuiltecan, and Tonkawa.

The county was subject to frequent Comanche and Kiowa raids during the early-late 1800s. Battles like the Battle of Seco Creek in 1838 highlight the conflicts with Native Americans in the county. In 1862, Comanches kidnapped 3 children 10 miles south of Bandera.[6] Also, in 1866, Lipan Apaches killed and kidnapped 2 young settlers on Hondo Creek. On June 11, 1873, Comanches attacked four settlers on Verde Creek near modern day Hondo.[7] By 1875, the Comanches were done raiding the county. Although the Comanche were gone, other tribes, like the Lipan Apaches and Kickapoos still were raiding the county. The last Indian raid in the county happened on April 22, 1877, when 19-year-old Joe Wilton was killed by Kickapoo Indians at Black Creek near Devine, marking the end of the American Indian Wars In Medina County.[8][9]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert (0.7%) are covered by water.[10]

Major highways

Adjacent counties

Demographics

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Medina County, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition
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Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[11] Pop 2010[12] Pop 2020[13] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 19,919 21,408 22,324 50.68% 46.53% 43.99%
Black or African American alone (NH) 801 913 1,252 2.04% 1.98% 2.47%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 144 146 158 0.37% 0.32% 0.31%
Asian alone (NH) 117 272 215 0.30% 0.59% 0.42%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 17 24 38 0.04% 0.05% 0.07%
Other race alone (NH) 50 28 188 0.13% 0.06% 0.37%
Mixed race or multiracial (NH) 383 344 1,118 0.97% 0.75% 2.20%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 17,873 22,871 25,455 45.47% 49.71% 50.16%
Total 39,304 46,006 50,748 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

As of the census[14] of 2000, 39,304 people, 12,880 households, and 10,136 families were residing in the county. The population density was Template:Convert. The 14,826 housing units had an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the county was 79.38% White, 2.20% Black or African American, 0.68% Native American, 0.33% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 14.48% from other races, and 2.88% from two or more races. About 45.47% of the population were Hispanics or Latinos of any race.

Of the 12,880 households, 39.1% had children under 18 living with them, 63.2% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.30% were not families. About 18.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.91 and the average family size was 3.30.

In the county, the age distribution was 29.0% under 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 12.4% who were 65 or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.60 males. For every 100 females 18 and over, there were 104.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $36,063, and for a family was $40,288. Males had a median income of $27,045 versus $21,734 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,210. About 12.00% of families and 15.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.80% of those under age 18 and 15.60% of those age 65 or over.

Communities

Cities

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Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

Ghost towns

Education

School districts include:[15]

The designated community college is Southwest Texas Junior College.[16]

Gallery

Politics

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See also

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References

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Further reading

  • Holt, Jr., C.L.R. (1959). Geology and ground-water resources of Medina County, Texas [U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1422]. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
  • Castro Colonies Heritage Association, The History of Medina County, Texas, Dallas, TX: National Share Graphics, 1983).
  • Houston B. Eggen, History of Public Education in Medina County, Texas, 1848–1928 (M.A. thesis, University of Texas, 1950).
  • Cyril Matthew Kuehne, S.M., Ripples from Medina Lake, San Antonio, TX: Naylor, 1966.
  • Bobby D. Weaver, Castro's Colony: Empresario Development in Texas, 1842–1865, College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press, 1985.

External links

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  3. ↑ Ruben E. Ochoa, "Medina County", Handbook of Texas Online, accessed August 3, 2010
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  16. ↑ Texas Education Code: Sec. 130.200. SOUTHWEST TEXAS JUNIOR COLLEGE DISTRICT SERVICE AREA.
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