Madison County, Indiana

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Madison County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. The 2020 census states the population is standing at 130,129.[1] The county seat since 1836 has been Anderson,[2]Template:Sfn one of three incorporated cities within the county. Madison County is included in the Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History

File:Madison County - DPLA - a26899f5931d8a77020facbb955d8c82.jpg
1903 map of Madison County, Indiana, showing landowners

In 1787, the fledgling United States defined the Northwest Territory, which included the area of present-day Indiana. In 1800, Congress separated Ohio from the Northwest Territory, designating the rest of the land as the Indiana Territory.[3] President Thomas Jefferson chose William Henry Harrison as the territory's first governor, and Vincennes was established as the territorial capital.Template:Sfn After the Michigan Territory was separated and the Illinois Territory was formed, Indiana was reduced to its current size and geography.[3] By December 1816 the Indiana Territory was admitted to the Union as a state.

Starting in 1794, Native American titles to Indiana lands were extinguished by usurpation, purchase, or war and treaty. The United States acquired land from the Native Americans in the 1809 treaty of Fort Wayne, and by the treaty of St. Mary's in 1818 considerably more territory became property of the government. This included the future Madison County, which was authorized by the state legislature on January 4, 1823, designating areas covered by the Delaware New Purchase. No settler was allowed in the area until the government survey was completed in 1820, and in 1820 the first settlers entered the future county.Template:Sfn

The new county was named for James Madison, co-author of The Federalist Papers and the fourth President of the United States (1809 to 1817).[4] The then-small settlement of Pendleton was named as the county, but its non-central location soon fostered a desire for a more central location as the county seat. After considerable local competition, the town of Anderson was platted in 1827 on donated land with the stipulation that the seat be moved to that location. This move began in 1828 and was completed by 1836.Template:Sfn

The new county was completely wooded in 1820, with stands of white oak, poplar, walnut, sycamore, oak, and fir trees.Template:Sfn The settlers logged much of the area and cleared the remainder through burning; at present its terrain is completely devoted to agriculture or urban development, except for stands of brush in drainages.[5]

The county's first courthouse was authorized in the county's 1828 session, but this authorization was revoked in 1829. In 1831 a second authorization was passed, and the completed building was placed in service the following year.Template:Sfn

During the Indiana gas boom, natural gas deposits were discovered in the county in 1887, at Alexandria, and Anderson. The offer of free natural gas brought several factories to the county.Template:Sfn

Geography

The county's terrain is nearly flat, with the exception of hilly areas along the White River and Fall Creek. The highest terrain (around Script error: No such module "convert". ASL) is a ridgeline at the county's SE corner.[6] The county is drained by the west branch of the White River, flowing west-southwestward through the county's lower central portion. Other drainages include Fall Creek, flowing west- and southwestward through the southern part of the county; Pipe Creek, which rises in Delaware County and flows southwestward through the county's NW corner; and Lick Creek, which rises in Henry County and flows westward through the county's SW portion.[5]

According to the 2010 United States census, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". (or 99.78%) is land and Script error: No such module "convert". (or 0.22%) is water.[7]

Adjacent counties

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Protected areas

Cities

File:Anderson-indiana-from-above.jpg
Aerial view of Anderson, looking west

Towns

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Unincorporated towns

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Townships

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Major highways

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Railroads

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Climate and weather

Anderson, Indiana
Climate chart (explanation)
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█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches
Source: The Weather Channel[13]
Metric conversion
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53
 
 
1
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70
 
 
18
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93
 
 
10
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75
 
 
3
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█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm

In recent years, average temperatures in Anderson have ranged from a low of Script error: No such module "convert". in January to a high of Script error: No such module "convert". in July, although a record low of Script error: No such module "convert". was recorded in January 1985 and a record high of Script error: No such module "convert". was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from Script error: No such module "convert". in January to Script error: No such module "convert". in July.[13]

Government

File:2020 United States presidential election in Madison County, Indiana, by precinct.svg
2020 presidential election results by precinct
     Trump—40-50%
     Trump—50-60%
     Trump—60-70%
     Trump—70-80%
     Trump—80-90%
     Trump—90-100%
     Biden—40-50%
     Biden—50-60%
     Biden—60-70%
     Biden—70-80%
     Biden—80-90%

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The county government is a constitutional body, and is granted specific powers by the Constitution of Indiana, and by the Indiana Code.

County Council: The legislative branch of the county government; controls spending and revenue collection in the county. Representatives are elected to four-year terms from county districts. They set salaries, the annual budget, and special spending. The council has limited authority to impose local taxes, in the form of an income and property tax that is subject to state level approval, excise taxes, and service taxes.[14][15]

Board of Commissioners: The executive body of the county; commissioners are elected county-wide to staggered four-year terms. One commissioner serves as president. The commissioners execute acts legislated by the council, collect revenue, and manage the county government.[14][15]

Court: The county maintains a small claims court that handles civil cases. The judge on the court is elected to a term of four years and must be a member of the Indiana Bar Association. The judge is assisted by a constable who is also elected to a four-year term. In some cases, court decisions can be appealed to the state level circuit court.[15]

County Officials: The county has other elected offices, including sheriff, coroner, auditor, treasurer, recorder, surveyor, and circuit court clerk. These officers are elected to four-year terms. Members elected to county government positions are required to declare party affiliations and to be residents of the county.[15]

Madison County is part of Indiana's 5th congressional district; Indiana Senate districts 20, 25 and 26;[16] and Indiana House of Representatives districts 35, 36 and 37.[17]

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Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
18302,238—
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190070,470Script error: No such module "String".%
191065,224Script error: No such module "String".%
192069,151Script error: No such module "String".%
193082,888Script error: No such module "String".%
194088,575Script error: No such module "String".%
1950103,911Script error: No such module "String".%
1960125,819Script error: No such module "String".%
1970138,451Script error: No such module "String".%
1980139,336Script error: No such module "String".%
1990130,669Script error: No such module "String".%
2000133,358Script error: No such module "String".%
2010131,636Script error: No such module "String".%
2020130,129Script error: No such module "String".%
2025 (est.)134,765[18]Script error: No such module "String".%
US Decennial Census[19]
1790-1960[20] 1900-1990[21]
1990-2000[22] 2010-2019[1]

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2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 130,129. The median age was 41.5 years. 21.7% of residents were under the age of 18 and 19.2% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 100.4 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 98.3 males age 18 and over.[23][24]

The racial makeup of the county was 83.5% White, 7.9% Black or African American, 0.3% American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.5% Asian, <0.1% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 2.4% from some other race, and 5.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 4.8% of the population.[24]

75.4% of residents lived in urban areas, while 24.6% lived in rural areas.[25]

There were 52,511 households in the county, of which 28.4% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 43.8% were married-couple households, 19.3% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 28.7% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 30.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[23]

There were 58,784 housing units, of which 10.7% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 69.3% were owner-occupied and 30.7% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.9% and the rental vacancy rate was 10.1%.[23]

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States census, there were 131,636 people, 51,927 households, and 34,319 families in the county.[26] The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 59,068 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert"..[7] The racial makeup of the county was 87.7% white, 8.3% black or African American, 0.4% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 1.5% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 3.2% of the population.[26] In terms of ancestry, 21.5% were German, 12.5% were American, 11.5% were Irish, and 10.4% were English.[27]

Of the 51,927 households, 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.4% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.9% were non-families, and 28.3% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.93. The median age was 39.2 years.[26]

The median income for a household in the county was $47,697 and the median income for a family was $53,906. Males had a median income of $41,834 versus $31,743 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,722. About 11.2% of families and 14.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.6% of those under age 18 and 7.7% of those age 65 or over.[28]

Education

School districts include:[29]

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  3. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ a b c Madison County IN (Google Maps, accessed 10 September 2020)
  6. ↑ Madison County High Point, Indiana (PeakBagger.com, accessed 10 September 2020)
  7. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ College Corner, Duck Creek Township IN (Google Maps, accessed 12 September 2020)
  9. ↑ Edgewood Village, Stony Creek Township IN (Google Maps, accessed 12 September 2020)
  10. ↑ Gimco City, Alexandria IN (Google Maps, accessed 12 September 2020)
  11. ↑ Idlewold, Pendleton IN (Google Maps, accessed 12 September 2020)
  12. ↑ South Elwood, Elwood IN (Google Maps, accessed 12 September 2020)
  13. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1". - Text list

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Bibliography

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Further reading

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External links

Template:Geographic Location

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