MCF-7
MCF-7 is a breast cancer cell line isolated in 1970 from a 69-year-old woman.[1] MCF-7 is the acronym of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7, referring to the institute in Detroit where the cell line was established in 1973 by Herbert Soule and co-workers.[2] The Michigan Cancer Foundation is now known as the Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute.[3]
Prior to MCF-7, it was not possible for cancer researchers to obtain a mammary cell line that was capable of living longer than a few months.[4]
The patient, Frances Mallon died in 1970 due to metastatic breast cancer.[5] Her cells were the source of much of current knowledge about breast cancer.[2][6] At the time of sampling, she was a nun in the convent of Immaculate Heart of Mary in Monroe, Michigan under the name of Sister Catherine Frances.
MCF-7 and two other breast cancer cell lines, named T-47D and MDA-MB-231, account for more than two-thirds of all abstracts reporting studies on mentioned breast cancer cell lines, as concluded from a Medline-based survey.[7] MCF-7 has potential for new drug development, including anti-cancer drug testing, anti-estrogen drug resistance and antiplatelet drug development.[8]
Characteristics of MCF-7 cells
MCF-7 cells have the following characteristics:[2][6][7][9][10][11]
- Primary tumor (invasive breast ductal carcinoma)
- Originate from pleural effusion
- Estrogen receptors present[12]
- Proliferative response to estrogens
- Presence of progesterone receptors
- Contains 17β-estradiol-binding protein[8]
- Cannot have ERBB2 gene amplification (with Her2/neu protein overexpression)
- Tumorigenic in mice but only with estrogen supplementation if engrafted into the subcutaneous fat or mammary fat pad
- Tumorigenic in mice without estrogen supplementation if engrafted intraductally[13]
- Luminal epithelial phenotype
This cell line retained several characteristics of differentiated mammary epithelium, including the ability to process estradiol via cytoplasmic estrogen receptors and the capability of forming domes.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) inhibits the growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Treatment with anti-estrogens can modulate the secretion of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins. Omega-3 and 6 fatty acids such as EPA, DHA and AA has been reported to inhibit MCF-7 cell line growth and proliferation.[14]
PIK3CA helical mutations were identified in MCF-7,[15] but with low AKT activation.[16]
Many studies indicate that the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor is a crucial therapeutic target for treating cancer in MCF-7 cell lines.[17] One notably effective treatment strategy is silencing this receptor using siRNA packaged in nanoparticles, which significantly suppresses the growth and proliferation of MCF-7 cancer cells.[18]
References
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- ↑ http://www.cancer.gov Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Retrieved on 2010-04-28
- ↑ Glodek, Cass, Ph.D., "A History of the Michigan Cancer Foundation, the Beginnings & Growth of Detroit's Anticancer Movement," 1990, page 68, Michigan Cancer Foundation, Detroit.
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