Melanocortin 5 receptor

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Template:Short description Template:Cs1 config Template:Infobox gene Melanocortin 5 receptor (MC5R) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MC5R gene.[1][2] It is located on the chromosome 18 in the human genome.[2] When the MC5R was disrupted in transgenic mice, it induced disruption of their exocrine glands and resulted in decreased production of sebum.[3]

Physiology

MC5R is necessary for normal sebum production.[3][4][5] Stimulation of MC5R promotes fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle[6] and lipolysis in adipocytes.[7] MC5R is essential for erythrocyte differentiation.[8] MC5R is involved in inflammation.[9][10] MC5R helps maintain thermal homeostasis.[4][11] Stimulation of the MC5R in skeletal muscle causes glucose uptake.[12] In vitro, MC5R agonism is cardioprotective [13][14] and kidney protective.[15][16]

MC5R is expressed in the brain at different levels depending on physical activity.[17]

Pheromones

MC5R is heavily expressed in the preputial gland in mice (a modified sebaceous gland involved in pheromone production). MC5R deficiency in male mice decreases aggressive behavior, promotes defensive behavior and encourages other male mice to attack MC5R-deficient males through pheromonal signals.[18][19][20]

MRAP

Melanocortin 2 receptor accessory protein (MRAP) traps MC5R protein inside cells.[21]

Evolution

Paralogues

Source:[22]

See also

References

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Further reading

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External links

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This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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