Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin

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Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Script error: No such module "infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The lieutenant governor of Wisconsin is the first person in the line of succession of Wisconsin's executive branch, thus serving as governor in the event of the death, resignation, removal, impeachment, absence from the state, or incapacity due to illness of the governor of Wisconsin.[1] Forty-one individuals have held the office of lieutenant governor since Wisconsin's admission to the Union in 1848, two of whom—Warren Knowles and Jack Olson—have served for non-consecutive terms. The first lieutenant governor was John Holmes, who took office on June 7, 1848. The current lieutenant governor is Sara Rodriguez, who took office on January 3, 2023.[2]

Succession to the governorship

Until 1979, the Wisconsin Constitution merely stated that in the event of the governor's death, resignation, removal from office, impeachment, absence from the state or incapacity due to illness, "the powers and duties of the office [of Governor of Wisconsin] shall devolve upon the lieutenant governor".[1] Lieutenant governors who served as governor during this period are referred to as "acting governors".[2][3] In 1979, the constitution was amended to make this more specific: in the event of the governor's death, resignation, or removal from office, the lieutenant governor becomes governor; in the event of the governor's impeachment, absence, or incapacity, the lieutenant governor becomes acting governor until the governor is again able to serve.[1]

Lieutenant gubernatorial elections and term of office

Under the original terms of the state constitution, the lieutenant governor was elected for a two-year term on a separate ticket from the governor;[1] because of this, the governor and lieutenant governor of Wisconsin have not always been of the same party. After a 1967 amendment, however, the two have been nominated, and voted upon, as a single ticket. The 1967 amendment also increased the terms of both the governor and lieutenant governor to four years. There is no limit to the number of terms a lieutenant governor may hold.[1]

Vacancy

The original constitution made no provision for a vacancy in the office of the lieutenant governor; in the event of the lieutenant governor's death, resignation, or service as acting governor, the lieutenant governorship usually remained vacant until the end of the term. In 1938, following the resignation of lieutenant governor Henry Gunderson, Governor Philip La Follette appointed Herman Ekern lieutenant governor to fill the vacancy. This appointment was challenged in court, and ruled valid in the case State ex rel. Martin v. Ekern.[3] In 1979 the constitution was amended to explicitly allow this: in the event of a vacancy in the office of the lieutenant governor, the governor nominates a candidate who becomes lieutenant governor for the remainder of the term upon his approval by the Wisconsin Assembly and Wisconsin State Senate.[4]

Removal

A lieutenant governor may be removed from office through an impeachment trial or a recall.[5] They may also choose to resign from office. No lieutenant governor has ever been impeached; two have resigned.[2] Rebecca Kleefisch is the only lieutenant governor in the history of any state to face recall election in 2012. She faced Democrat Mahlon Mitchell and won the election with a six percent majority.

Lieutenant gubernatorial powers

If the governor appoints the lieutenant governor to a statutory board, committee or commission on which he is entitled membership as his representative, the lieutenant governor has all the authority in that position that would be granted the governor.[6]

Originally, the lieutenant governor also presided over the state senate and cast a vote in the event of a tie; however, after an amendment to the Wisconsin Constitution in 1979, the senate chooses a senator to be presiding officer.[6]

List of lieutenant governors

Number of lieutenant governors of Wisconsin by party affiliation
Party Lt. governors
Republican 29
Democratic 16
Progressive 2

From 1836, until 1848, what is now Wisconsin was part of Wisconsin Territory.[7] There was no position of "Territorial Lieutenant Governor"; however, the territory had a Secretary who was similar in that one of his functions was to assume the powers and duties of the territorial governor if he were unable to carry them out.[8] For the secretaries from the territorial period, see the List of secretaries of Wisconsin Territory.

Wisconsin was admitted to the Union on May 29, 1848. Since then, it has had 41 lieutenant governors, two of whom have served non-consecutive terms.[2]

Parties
  1. REDIRECT Template:Legend inline
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# Image Lt. Governor Party Took office Left office[note 1] Governor Term(s)[note 2]
1 File:John E. Holmes.png John E. Holmes Democratic June 7, 1848[9] January 7, 1850 Nelson Dewey 1
2 Samuel W. Beall Democratic January 7, 1850[9] January 5, 1852 Nelson Dewey 1
3 Timothy Burns Democratic January 5, 1852[9] September 21, 1853[10] style="background-color:Template:Party color"| Leonard Farwell <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2[note 3]
vacant September 21, 1853 January 2, 1854 style="background-color:Template:Party color"| Leonard Farwell <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2[note 4]
4 File:James T. Lewis Cropped.jpg James T. Lewis Democratic January 2, 1854[9] January 7, 1856 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| William Barstow 1
5 File:Arthur macarthur sr.png Arthur MacArthur Sr. Democratic January 7, 1856[9] March 21, 1856[2] William Barstow <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄3[note 5]
MacArthur acting as governor[note 6] March 21, 1856 March 25, 1856 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Arthur MacArthur Sr. <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄3[note 7]
Arthur MacArthur Sr. Democratic March 25, 1856[2] January 4, 1858 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Coles Bashford <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄3[note 5]
6 File:ED Campbell.jpg Erasmus D. Campbell Democratic January 4, 1858[9] January 2, 1860 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Alexander Randall 1
7 Butler G. Noble Republican January 2, 1860[9] January 6, 1862 Alexander Randall 1
8 File:Wisconsin Governor Edward Salomon.jpg Edward Salomon Republican January 6, 1862[9] April 19, 1862[2] Louis Harvey[note 3] <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2
Salomon acting as governor[note 6] April 19, 1862 January 4, 1864 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Edward Salomon <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2[note 7]
vacant January 4, 1864 by January 13, 1864[note 8] style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| James Lewis <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2
9 File:Wyman Spooner.png Wyman Spooner Republican by January 13, 1864[note 8] January 3, 1870 James Lewis 2<templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2
Lucius Fairchild
10 File:Thaddeus C. Pound - Brady-Handy.jpg Thaddeus C. Pound Republican January 3, 1870[9] January 1, 1872 Lucius Fairchild 1
11 File:Milton H. Pettit.png Milton H. Pettit Republican January 1, 1872[9] March 23, 1873[2] Cadwallader Washburn <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2[note 3]
vacant March 23, 1873 January 5, 1874 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Cadwallader Washburn <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2[note 4]
12 Charles D. Parker Democratic January 5, 1874[9] January 7, 1878 William Taylor 2
Harrison Ludington
13 James M. Bingham Republican January 7, 1878[9] January 2, 1882 William Smith 2
14 File:Samuel Fifield.png Sam S. Fifield Republican January 2, 1882[9] January 3, 1887 Jeremiah Rusk 2[note 9]
15 File:George W Ryland.png George W. Ryland Republican January 3, 1887[9] January 5, 1891 Jeremiah Rusk 2
William Hoard
16 File:Jan Vilímek - Karel Jonáš HL.jpg Charles Jonas Democratic January 5, 1891[9] April 4, 1894[9] George Peck 1<templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2[note 10]
vacant April 4, 1894 January 7, 1895 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| George Peck <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2[note 11]
17 File:Emil Baensch (June 12, 1857 – August 17, 1939) circa 1915.jpg Emil Baensch Republican January 7, 1895[note 12] January 2, 1899 William Upham 2
Edward Scofield
18 File:Jesse Stone (Wisconsin politician).gif Jesse Stone Republican January 2, 1899[9] May 11, 1902[16] Edward Scofield 1<templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2[note 3]
Robert La Follette Sr.
vacant May 11, 1902 January 5, 1903 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Robert La Follette Sr. <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2[note 4]
19 File:James Ole Davidson (Wisconsin Governor).png James O. Davidson Republican January 5, 1903[2] January 1, 1906[2] Robert La Follette Sr.[note 10] 1<templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2
Davidson acting as governor[note 6] January 1, 1906 January 7, 1907 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| James Davidson <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2[note 7]
20 William D. Connor Republican January 7, 1907[9] January 4, 1909 James Davidson 1
21 File:Wisconsin lieutenant governor John Strange.png John Strange Republican January 4, 1909[9] January 2, 1911 James Davidson 1
22 File:Wisconsin politician Thomas Morris.png Thomas Morris Republican January 2, 1911[9] January 4, 1915 Francis McGovern 2
23 File:Edward Dithmar.png Edward F. Dithmar Republican January 4, 1915[9] January 3, 1921 Emanuel Philipp 3
24 George F. Comings Republican January 3, 1921[9] January 5, 1925 John Blaine 2
25 File:Henry Alan Huber.jpg Henry A. Huber Republican January 5, 1925[9] January 2, 1933 John Blaine 4
Fred R. Zimmerman
Walter Kohler Sr.
Philip La Follette
26 File:Thomas J. O'Malley.jpg Thomas J. O'Malley Democratic January 2, 1933[17] May 27, 1936[18] Albert Schmedeman 1<templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2[note 3]
Philip La Follette
vacant May 27, 1936 January 4, 1937 Template:Party shading/Progressive (Wisconsin)| Philip La Follette <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2[note 4]
27 File:Henry Gunderson (WI).png Henry A. Gunderson Progressive January 4, 1937[19] October 16, 1937[2] Philip La Follette <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄3[note 10]
vacant October 16, 1937 May 16, 1938 Template:Party shading/Progressive (Wisconsin)| Philip La Follette <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄3[note 11]
28 File:Herman Ekern (WI).jpg Herman L. Ekern Progressive May 16, 1938[2] January 2, 1939 Philip La Follette <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄3[note 13]
29 File:Walter Samuel Goodland.jpg Walter S. Goodland Republican January 2, 1939[20] January 4, 1943[2] Julius Heil 2
Goodland acting as governor[note 6] January 4, 1943 January 1, 1945 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Walter Goodland 1[note 14]
30 File:Rennebohm Governor.jpg Oscar Rennebohm Republican January 1, 1945[21] March 12, 1947[2] Walter Goodland[note 3] 1<templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2
Rennebohm acting as governor[note 6] March 12, 1947 January 3, 1949 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Oscar Rennebohm <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2[note 7]
31 George M. Smith Republican January 3, 1949[22] January 3, 1955 Oscar Rennebohm 3
Walter Kohler Jr.
32 File:Warren P. Knowles (Wisconsin governor).jpg Warren P. Knowles Republican January 3, 1955[23] January 5, 1959 Walter Kohler Jr. 2
Vernon Thomson
33 File:Photograph of White House aide Philleo Nash with a fish he caught during President Truman's vacation at Key West... - NARA - 200538 (cropped).jpg Philleo Nash Democratic January 5, 1959[24] January 2, 1961 Gaylord Nelson 1
34 File:Warren P. Knowles (Wisconsin governor).jpg Warren P. Knowles Republican January 2, 1961[25] January 7, 1963 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Gaylord Nelson 1
35 File:Jack B. Olson.png Jack B. Olson Republican January 7, 1963[26] January 4, 1965 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| John Reynolds 1
36 File:Patrick Lucey.png Patrick J. Lucey Democratic January 4, 1965[27] January 2, 1967 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Warren Knowles 1
37 File:Jack B. Olson.png Jack B. Olson Republican January 2, 1967[28] January 4, 1971 Warren Knowles 2
38 File:Martin J. Schreiber (1977).png Martin J. Schreiber Democratic January 4, 1971[29] July 6, 1977[2] Patrick Lucey[note 10] 1<templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2[note 15]
Schreiber acting as governor[note 6] July 6, 1977 January 3, 1979 style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading"| Martin Schreiber <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄2[note 7]
39 Russell A. Olson Republican January 3, 1979[30] January 3, 1983 Lee Dreyfus 1
40 File:James Flynn (WI).png James Flynn Democratic January 3, 1983[31] January 5, 1987 Anthony Earl 1
41 File:Governor Scott McCallum 2001 (cropped).jpg Scott McCallum Republican January 5, 1987[32] February 1, 2001[2] Tommy Thompson[note 10] 3<templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄3
vacant February 1, 2001 May 9, 2001 style="background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading"| Scott McCallum <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄3[note 16]
42 Margaret A. Farrow Republican May 9, 2001[2] January 6, 2003 Scott McCallum <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄3[note 13]
43 File:Lawton barbara official.jpg Barbara Lawton Democratic January 6, 2003[33] January 3, 2011 Jim Doyle 2
44 File:Wisconsin Lt. Gov. Rebecca Kleefisch (cropped).jpg Rebecca Kleefisch Republican January 3, 2011 January 7, 2019 Scott Walker 2
45 File:Mandela Barnes Headshot (1).jpg Mandela Barnes Democratic January 7, 2019 January 3, 2023 Tony Evers 1
46 File:Sara Rodriguez, 2022.jpg Sara Rodriguez Democratic January 3, 2023 Incumbent 1

Notes

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  1. ↑ When there is no evidence to the contrary, it is assumed that lieutenant governors left office the same day their successors were sworn in.
  2. ↑ The fractional terms of some lieutenant governors are not to be understood absolutely literally; rather, they are meant to show single terms during which multiple lieutenant governors served, due to resignations, deaths, and delayed inaugurations.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Died in office.
  4. ↑ a b c d Vacant due to death of lieutenant governor.
  5. ↑ a b MacArthur was elected lieutenant governor in the 1855 election; initially Barstow was declared the winner of the gubernatorial election, but when he resigned amid claims that he had won by fraudulent means, MacArthur began to act as governor. After five days, the Wisconsin Supreme Court ruled that Bartow's opponent, Bashford, was the legitimate governor, at which point MacArthur returned to serving as lieutenant governor.
  6. ↑ a b c d e f Periods during which the lieutenant governor acted as governor are listed only if they would have caused the lieutenant governor to become governor had the 1979 amendment existed during that time; that is, those resulting from the death, resignation, or removal of the governor. Those resulting from the governor's temporary absence from the state, impeachment, or his inability to serve due to illness are not listed.
  7. ↑ a b c d e Note that when lieutenant governors are acting as governors, they technically continue to be lieutenant governors. However, in order to avoid confusion, they are here listed as governors only. Some sources will include these periods in the lieutenant governors' terms of office.[2]
  8. ↑ a b Governor Lewis was sworn in on January 4,[2] but Lieutenant Governor Spooner was not.[11] Contemporary newspaper articles dated January 13 refer to him as "lieutenant governor",[12][13] suggesting that he was sworn in before that day. However, the Wisconsin Blue Books variously give his date of inauguration as January 1,[14] January 14,[9] or list only the year, 1864.[2]
  9. ↑ During Fifield's first term, the Wisconsin Constitution was amended to say that all elections of state and county officers would henceforth take place in even-numbered years. By the provisions of the amendment, the terms of all officials who would have left office in 1884, including Fifield, were extended by one year.
  10. ↑ a b c d e Resigned from office.
  11. ↑ a b Vacant due to resignation of lieutenant governor.
  12. ↑ Governor Upham was sworn in on January 7.[2] Contemporary newspaper accounts indicate that Lieutenant Governor Baensch was sworn in on the same day;[15] however, the Wisconsin Blue Book states that he was inaugurated on January 8.[9]
  13. ↑ a b Appointed to fill vacancy.
  14. ↑ Goodland was re-elected lieutenant governor in the 1942 election, and Orland Loomis was elected governor. When Loomis died before taking office, Goodland acted as governor for the entire term, per a ruling of the Wisconsin Supreme Court.
  15. ↑ As per a 1967 amendment to the Wisconsin Constitution, Schreiber's first term was the first lieutenant gubernatorial term to last for 4 years.
  16. ↑ Vacant due to lieutenant governor becoming governor for remainder of unexpired term.

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References

General
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Specific

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  1. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  3. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  9. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

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