Cantons of Costa Rica

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Map of Central America with Costa Rica highlighted
Map of Central America with Costa Rica highlighted

Costa Rica is administratively divided into seven provinces which are subdivided into 84 cantons, and these are further subdivided into districts. Cantons are the only administrative division in Costa Rica that possess local government in the form of municipalities. Each municipality has its own mayor and several representatives, all of them chosen via municipal elections every four years.

The original 14 cantons were established in 1848, and the number has risen gradually by the division of existing cantons. Law no. 4366 of 19 August 1969, which outlines the creation of administrative divisions of Costa Rica, states that new cantons may only be created if they have at least one percent of the republic's total population, which was Template:Nts as of the latest estimate (2022).[1][2][lower-alpha 1] The newest canton, Puerto Jiménez, was created on June 21, 2022, from the canton of Golfito.[3]

According to the latest population estimate from the National Institute of Statistics and Census, the largest canton by population is the capital San José with a population of Template:Nts, while the smallest by population is Monteverde with Template:Nts residents.[4] The latest report from the National Geographic Institute listed the largest canton by land area as San Carlos, which spans Script error: No such module "convert". and the smallest as Flores at Script error: No such module "convert"..[5]

Political structure

Template:Main article Each canton is controlled by a government unit called Municipalidad.[6] The term reflects the fact that the cantons in Costa Rica have approximately the same function as municipios ("municipalities") in many other Spanish-speaking countries. This administrative unit consists of two bodies: a municipal council (Concejo Municipal) and an executive officer called a mayor (alcalde / alcaldesa municipal), a title that was introduced in 1998.[6]

The mayor's main duties are to liaise with the municipal council, district councils and the entire administrative apparatus of the canton, and to approve and implement the decisions taken by the municipal council.[7] The number of members of the municipal council varies from one canton to another, and they are elected by local elections held every four years.[8] The head of the council is titled the municipal president (presidente municipal). The council's main task is to manage the canton at the local level, and is responsible for planning basic policies and establishing budgets. More specifically, the responsibilities include urban and agricultural planning and organizing cultural affairs, health care, education and industry.[9] Each municipal president appoints a number of working commissions that deal with issues specific to the municipality.[10]

Cities in Costa Rica

According to the Executive Decree N°41548-MGP (Script error: No such module "Lang".), a city in Costa Rica is a ceremonial title awarded to a district or districts which contain the administrative center regardless of factors such as population, population density, or economic indicators. This designation is also known as Script error: No such module "Lang"., head city of the canton.[11]

Cantons

  1. REDIRECT Template:Legend inlineTemplate:Dagger
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Canton City[11] Province Population
(2022)[lower-alpha 1][2][4] 		Population
(2011)[12] 		Change Land area (km2)[5] Population density (2022)[lower-alpha 1][2] Incorporation date[13]
San JoséTemplate:Double-dagger San José San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1848
Escazú Escazú San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1848
Desamparados Desamparados San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1862
Puriscal Santiago San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1868
Tarrazú San Marcos San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1868
Aserrí Aserrí San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1882
Mora Colón San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1883
Goicoechea Guadalupe San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1891
Santa Ana Santa Ana San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1907
Alajuelita Alajuelita San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1909
Vázquez de Coronado San Isidro San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1910
Acosta San Ignacio San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1910
Tibás San Juan San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1914
Moravia San Vicente San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1914
Montes de Oca San Pedro San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1915
Turrubares San Pablo San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1920
Dota Santa María San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1925
Curridabat Curridabat San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1929
Pérez Zeledón San Isidro de El General San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1931
León Cortés Castro San Pablo San José Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1961
AlajuelaTemplate:Dagger Alajuela Alajuela Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1848
San Ramón San Ramón Alajuela Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1856
Grecia Grecia Alajuela Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1848
San Mateo San Mateo Alajuela Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1868
Atenas Atenas Alajuela Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1868
Naranjo Naranjo Alajuela Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1886
Palmares Palmares Alajuela Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1888
Poás San Pedro Alajuela Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1901
Orotina Orotina Alajuela Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1908
San Carlos Quesada Alajuela Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1911
Zarcero Zarcero Alajuela Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1915
Sarchí Sarchí Norte Alajuela Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1949
Upala Upala Alajuela Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1970
Los Chiles Los Chiles Alajuela Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1970
Guatuso San Rafael Alajuela Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1970
Río Cuarto Río Cuarto Alajuela Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 2017
CartagoTemplate:Dagger Cartago Cartago Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1848
Paraíso Paraíso Cartago Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1848
La Unión Tres Ríos Cartago Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1848
Jiménez Juan Viñas Cartago Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1903
Turrialba Turrialba Cartago Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1903
Alvarado Pacayas Cartago Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1908
Oreamuno San Rafael Cartago Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1914
El Guarco El Tejar Cartago Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1939
HerediaTemplate:Dagger Heredia Heredia Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1848
Barva Barva Heredia Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1848
Santo Domingo Santo Domingo Heredia Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1869
Santa Bárbara Santa Bárbara Heredia Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1882
San Rafael San Rafael Heredia Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1885
San Isidro San Isidro Heredia Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1905
Belén San Antonio Heredia Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1907
Flores San Joaquín Heredia Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1915
San Pablo San Pablo Heredia Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1961
Sarapiquí Puerto Viejo Heredia Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1970
LiberiaTemplate:Dagger Liberia Guanacaste Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1848
Nicoya Nicoya Guanacaste Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1848
Santa Cruz Santa Cruz Guanacaste Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1848
Bagaces Bagaces Guanacaste Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1848
Carrillo Filadelfia Guanacaste Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1877
Cañas Cañas Guanacaste Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1878
Abangares Las Juntas Guanacaste Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1915
Tilarán Tilarán Guanacaste Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1923
Nandayure Carmona Guanacaste Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1961
La Cruz La Cruz Guanacaste Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1969
Hojancha Hojancha Guanacaste Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1971
PuntarenasTemplate:Dagger Puntarenas Puntarenas Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1862
Esparza Esparza (Espíritu Santo district) Puntarenas Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1848
Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Puntarenas Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1914
Montes de Oro Miramar Puntarenas Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1915
Osa Puerto Cortés Puntarenas Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1940
Quepos Quepos Puntarenas Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1948
Golfito Golfito Puntarenas Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1949
Coto Brus San Vito Puntarenas Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1965
Parrita Parrita Puntarenas Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1971
Corredores Ciudad Neily (Corredor district) Puntarenas Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1973
Garabito Jacó Puntarenas Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1980
Monteverde Monteverde Puntarenas Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 2021
Puerto Jiménez Puerto Jiménez Puntarenas Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 2022
LimónTemplate:Dagger Limón Limón Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1909
Pococí Guápiles Limón Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1911
Siquirres Siquirres Limón Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1969
Talamanca Bribrí (Bratsi district) Limón Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1911
Matina Matina Limón Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1969
Guácimo Guácimo Limón Template:Change Template:Nts Template:Pop density 1971
Costa Rica Template:Change Template:Nts[lower-alpha 2] Template:Pop density

See also

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Notes

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  1. ↑ a b c The Eleventh Population Census (2022) experienced significant issues, including problems stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in only successfully sampling around 60% of homes and estimates having to be used.
  2. ↑ Not including Cocos Island's land area.

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References

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