List of governors of Texas
(Redirected from List of Texas Governors)
Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates
The governor of Texas is the chief executive officer of the U.S. state of Texas and the commander in chief of the state’s military forces. The incumbent, Greg Abbott, is the forty-eighth governor to serve in the office since Texas' statehood in 1845.
When compared to those of other states, the governorship of Texas has been described as one of relative weakness.[1][2] In some respects, it is the lieutenant governor of Texas, who presides over the Texas Senate, who possesses greater influence to exercise their prerogatives.[1][2]
Rick Perry is the longest-serving governor, having assumed the governorship in 2000 upon the exit of George W. Bush, who resigned to take office as the 43rd president of the United States. Perry was elected in 2002 and he was re-elected in 2006 and 2010 serving for 14 years before choosing to retire in 2014.
Allan Shivers assumed the governorship upon the death of Beauford Jester in July 1949 and was elected in 1950 and re-elected in 1952 and 1954, serving for <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />7+1⁄2 years, making him the third longest serving governor before choosing to retire in 1956. Price Daniel was elected to the governorship in 1956 and re-elected in 1958 and 1960 before losing his re-election for an unprecedented fourth term in the 1962 Democratic primary, missing the runoff. John Connally was elected in 1962 and re-elected in 1964 and 1966 before choosing to retire in 1968, leaving office on January 21, 1969. Bill Clements served two non-consecutive four-year terms, having been elected in 1978 but lost re-election in 1982 before winning re-election in 1986, choosing to retire in 1990, previously held the record as the second longest-serving governor: both of Shivers and Clements' records were surpassed by Perry.
Current governor Greg Abbott was elected in 2014 and re-elected in 2018 and again in 2022. He is the second longest-serving governor and on track to serve 12 years by January 19, 2027. He is currently seeking re-election to an unprecedented fourth term in 2026, which if completed, by January 21, 2031, will make him the state's longest-serving governor, surpassing Perry's 14 years.
Governors
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Texas was annexed by the United States and admitted to the Union on December 29, 1845.[3]
The governor is inaugurated on the third Tuesday of January every four years along with the lieutenant governor, and serves a term of four years. Prior to the present laws, in 1845, the state's first constitution established the office of governor, serving a term of two years, but no more than four years of every six.[4] The 1861 constitution, following secession from the Union, established the first Monday of November following election as the term's start.[5] Following the end of the American Civil War, the 1866 constitution increased term length to four years, limiting overall service to no more than eight years of every twelve, moving the term's start to the first Thursday following organization of the legislature, or "as soon thereafter as practicable."[6] The constitution of 1869, enacted during Reconstruction, removed term limitations,[7] to this day making Texas one of sixteen states, territory or jurisdiction (including the U.S. Territory Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia[8] with no limit on gubernatorial terms. The present constitution of 1876 returned terms to two years,[9] but a 1972 amendment again returned them to four.[10]
In the case of a vacancy in the office, the lieutenant governor becomes governor.[11] Prior to a 1999 amendment, the lieutenant governor only acted as governor until the expiration of the term to which he succeeded.[12][13] The governor and the lieutenant governor are not officially elected on the same ticket.
| No. | Governor | Term in office | Party | Election | Lt. GovernorTemplate:Efn | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | File:James Pinckney Henderson-p.jpg | rowspan="8" style="background: Template:Party color;"| | J. Pinckney Henderson (1808–1858)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[14] |
Template:Dts[15] – December 21, 1847 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Sfn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1845 | rowspan="4" style="background: Template:Party color;"| | Script error: No such module "Sort".Template:Efn |
| 2 | File:George wood.jpg | George Tyler Wood (1795–1858)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[16] |
Template:Dts[17] – December 21, 1849 (lost election)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1847 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 3 | File:Peter bell.jpg | Peter Hansborough Bell (1810–1898)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[18] |
Template:Dts[19] – November 23, 1853 (resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1849 | |||
| 1851 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | |||||||
| 4 | File:James w henderson.jpg | James W. Henderson (1817–1880)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [20] |
Template:Dts[21] – December 21, 1853 (successor took office)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | Succeeded from lieutenant governorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Vacant | ||
| 5 | File:Elisha pease.jpg | Elisha M. Pease (1812–1883)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[22] |
Template:Dts[23] – December 21, 1857 (term-limited)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1853 | rowspan="4" style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Script error: No such module "Sort". | |
| 1855 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | |||||||
| 6 | File:Hardin runnels.jpg | Hardin Richard Runnels (1820–1873)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[24] |
Template:Dts[25] – December 21, 1859 (lost election)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1857 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 7 | File:Hon. Sam Houston, Texas - NARA - 527675-crop.png | style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color;"| | Sam Houston (1793–1863)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[26] |
Template:Dts[27] – March 16, 1861 (removed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn |
IndependentTemplate:Sfn | 1859 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | |
| 8 | File:Edward clark.jpg | rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Edward Clark (1815–1880)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[28] |
Template:Dts[29] – November 7, 1861 (lost election)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | Succeeded from lieutenant governorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Vacant | |
| 9 | File:Francis lubbock.jpg | Francis Lubbock (1815–1905)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[30] |
Template:Dts[31] – November 5, 1863 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1861 | rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Script error: No such module "Sort". | |
| 10 | File:Pendleton murrah.jpg | Pendleton Murrah (d. 1865)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[32] |
Template:Dts[33] – June 17, 1865 (office vacated)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1863 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 11 | File:Andrew Jackson Hamilton.jpg | style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color;"| | Andrew Jackson Hamilton (1815–1875)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[34] |
Template:Dts[35] – August 9, 1866 (successor took office)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Military governor appointed by PresidentScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Vacant | ||
| 12 | File:James W. Throckmorton - Brady-Handy.jpg | style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | James W. Throckmorton (1825–1894)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[36] |
Template:Dts[37] – July 30, 1867 (removed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1866 | style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Script error: No such module "Sort". |
| 13 | File:Elisha pease.jpg | style="color:inherit;background:Template:Party color;"| | Elisha M. Pease (1812–1883)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[22] |
Template:Dts[38] – September 30, 1869 (resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn |
Installed by military occupationScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Vacant | ||
| — | Vacant [39] |
Template:Dts – January 8, 1870 |
Office vacated after resignationScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". | |||||
| 14 | File:Edmund Davis.jpg | style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Edmund J. Davis (1827–1883)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[40] |
Template:Dts[41] – January 15, 1874 (lost election)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
RepublicanTemplate:Sfn | 1869 | ||
| 15 | File:Richard Coke - Brady-Handy (cropped).jpg | rowspan="56" style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Richard Coke (1829–1897)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[42] |
Template:Dts[43] – December 1, 1876 (resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1873 | rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Script error: No such module "Sort". |
| 1876 | ||||||||
| 16 | File:Richard hubbard.jpg | Richard B. Hubbard (1832–1901)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[44] |
Template:Dts[45] – January 21, 1879 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | Succeeded from lieutenant governorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Vacant | ||
| 17 | File:Oran roberts.jpg | Oran Milo Roberts (1815–1898)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[46] |
Template:Dts[47] – January 16, 1883 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1878 | rowspan="20" style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Script error: No such module "Sort". | |
| 1880 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | |||||||
| 18 | File:John ireland.jpg | John Ireland (1827–1896)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[48] |
Template:Dts[49] – January 18, 1887 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1882 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 1884 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | |||||||
| 19 | File:Lawrence Sullivan "Sul" Ross.jpg | Lawrence Sullivan Ross (1838–1898)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[50] |
Template:Dts[51] – January 20, 1891 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1886 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 1888 | ||||||||
| 20 | File:Jim hogg.jpg | Jim Hogg (1851–1906)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[52] |
Template:Dts[53] – January 15, 1895 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1890 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 1892 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | |||||||
| 21 | File:Charles Allen Culberson.jpg | Charles A. Culberson (1855–1925)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[54] |
Template:Dts[55] – January 17, 1899 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1894 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 1896 | ||||||||
| 22 | File:Joseph D. Sayers (cropped).jpg | Joseph D. Sayers (1841–1929)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[56] |
Template:Dts[57] – January 20, 1903 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Sfn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1898 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 1900 | ||||||||
| 23 | File:Swtlanham.jpg | S. W. T. Lanham (1846–1908)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[58] |
Template:Dts[59] – January 15, 1907 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Sfn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1902 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 1904 | ||||||||
| 24 | File:T.M. Campbell, Governor, Bain portrait bust.jpg | Thomas Mitchell Campbell (1856–1923)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[60] |
Template:Dts[61] – January 17, 1911 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Sfn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1906 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 1908 | ||||||||
| 25 | File:Oscar Branch Colquitt.jpg | Oscar Branch Colquitt (1861–1940)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[62] |
Template:Dts[63] – January 19, 1915 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Sfn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1910 | |||
| 1912 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | |||||||
| 26 | File:James E. Ferguson.jpg | James E. Ferguson (1871–1944)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[64] |
Template:Dts[65] – September 22, 1917 (impeached and removed)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1914 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 1916 | ||||||||
| 27 | File:William hobby.jpg | William P. Hobby (1878–1964)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[66] |
Template:DtsTemplate:Efn – January 18, 1921 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Sfn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | Succeeded from lieutenant governorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Vacant | ||
| 1918 | rowspan="12" style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||||||
| 28 | File:PatMNeff.jpg | Pat Morris Neff (1871–1952)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[67] |
Template:Dts[68] – January 20, 1925 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Sfn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1920 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 1922 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | |||||||
| 29 | File:Miriam A. Ferguson.jpg | Miriam A. Ferguson (1875–1961)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[69] |
Template:Dts[70] – January 18, 1927 (lost nomination)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Sfn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1924 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 30 | File:DanMoody.jpg | Dan Moody (1893–1966)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[71] |
Template:Dts[72] – January 20, 1931 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Sfn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1926 | |||
| 1928 | ||||||||
| 31 | File:Ross Sterling.png | Ross S. Sterling (1875–1949)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[73] |
Template:Dts[74] – January 17, 1933 (lost nomination)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Sfn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1930 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 32 | File:Miriam A. Ferguson.jpg | Miriam A. Ferguson (1875–1961)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[69] |
Template:Dts[75] – January 15, 1935 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Sfn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1932 | |||
| 33 | File:James Allred.png | James Burr V Allred (1899–1959)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[76] |
Template:Dts[77] – January 17, 1939 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Sfn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1934 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 1936 | ||||||||
| 34 | File:W. Lee "Pappy" O'Daniel, 1939 (cropped) (3x4).jpg | W. Lee O'Daniel (1890–1969)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[78] |
Template:Dts[79] – August 4, 1941 (resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1938 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 1940 | ||||||||
| 35 | File:Coke R. Stevenson.jpg | Coke R. Stevenson (1888–1975)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[80] |
Template:Dts[81] – January 21, 1947 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | Succeeded from lieutenant governorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Vacant | ||
| 1942 | rowspan="4" style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||||||
| 1944 | ||||||||
| 36 | File:Beauford H. Jester.jpg | Beauford H. Jester (1893–1949)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[82] |
Template:Dts[83] – July 11, 1949 (died in office)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1946 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 1948 | ||||||||
| 37 | File:Allan Shivers.jpg | Allan Shivers (1907–1985)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[84] |
Template:Dts[85] – January 15, 1957 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Sfn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | Succeeded from lieutenant governorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Vacant | ||
| 1950 | rowspan="6" style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||||||
| 1952 | ||||||||
| 1954 | ||||||||
| 38 | File:Price Daniel (TX).png | Price Daniel (1910–1988)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[86] |
Template:Dts[87] – January 15, 1963 (lost nomination)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Sfn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1956 | |||
| 1958 | ||||||||
| 1960 | ||||||||
| Vacant | ||||||||
| 39 | File:John Connally (cropped).jpg | John Connally (1917–1993)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[88] |
Template:Dts[89] – January 21, 1969 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Sfn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1962 | rowspan="12" style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Script error: No such module "Sort". | |
| 1964 | ||||||||
| 1966 | ||||||||
| 40 | File:Smith-p01-1.jpg | Preston Smith (1912–2003)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[90] |
Template:Dts[91] – January 16, 1973 (lost nomination)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1968 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 1970 | ||||||||
| 41 | File:Dolph Briscoe, 1976.jpg | Dolph Briscoe (1923–2010)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Sfn[92] |
Template:Dts[93] – January 16, 1979 (lost nomination)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn |
DemocraticTemplate:Sfn | 1972 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 1974 | ||||||||
| 42 | File:Bill Clements 1st term portrait.jpg | style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Bill Clements (1917–2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [94] |
Template:Dts[95] – January 18, 1983 (lost election)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Republican[94] | 1978 | ||
| 43 | File:Mark White Portrait.jpg | style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Mark White (1940–2017)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [96] |
Template:Dts[97] – January 20, 1987 (lost election)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Democratic[96] | 1982 | ||
| 44 | File:Bill Clements 2nd term portrait.jpg | style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Bill Clements (1917–2011)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [94] |
Template:Dts[98] – January 15, 1991 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Republican[94] | 1986 | ||
| 45 | File:Ann Richards, Governor of Texas.jpg | style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Ann Richards (1933–2006)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [99] |
Template:Dts[100] – January 17, 1995 (lost election)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Democratic[99] | 1990 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | |
| 46 | File:George Bush 45 (49492156502).jpg | rowspan="9" style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | George W. Bush (b. 1946)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [101] |
Template:Dts[102] – December 21, 2000 (resigned)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn |
Republican[101] | 1994 | ||
| 1998 | rowspan="8" style="color:inherit;background: Template:Party color;"| | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||||||
| 47 | File:Rick Perry by Gage Skidmore 3 (cropped).jpg | Rick Perry (b. 1950)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [103] |
Template:Dts[104] – January 20, 2015 (did not run)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Republican[103] | Succeeded from lieutenant governorScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". |
Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 2002 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | |||||||
| 2006 | ||||||||
| 2010 | ||||||||
| 48 | File:Greg Abbott 2024 (cropped).jpg | Greg Abbott (b. 1957)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". [105] |
Template:Dts[106] – IncumbentTemplate:Efn |
Republican[105] | 2014 | Script error: No such module "Sort". | ||
| 2018 | ||||||||
| 2022 | ||||||||
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See also
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- Lieutenant Governor of Texas
- Gubernatorial lines of succession in the United States#Texas
- List of Texas state legislatures
Notes
References
- General
<templatestyles src="Refbegin/styles.css" />
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Specific
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ 9 Stat. 108
- ↑ 1845 Const. Art V sec 4
- ↑ 1861 Const. art V sec 12
- ↑ 1866 Const. art V sec 4
- ↑ 1869 Const. Art IV sec 4
- ↑ Executive Branch Template:Webarchive retrieved 23-October-2008
- ↑ TX Const. Art IV sec 4
- ↑ Texas Politics - The Executive Branch Template:Webarchive. Texaspolitics.laits.utexas.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-15.
- ↑ TX Const. art IV sec 16 graf d
- ↑ Under the 1861 constitution, law provided that the lieutenant governor would be "styled Governor of those state of Republicans" in case of vacancy.
- ↑ 1861 Const art V sec 12
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the Senate. 1st general assembly, 15, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the Senate. 2nd Legislature, 40, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the Senate. 3rd Legislature, 273, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the Senate. 5th Legislature, 78, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the Senate. 5th Legislature, Part II, 1, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the Senate. 7th Legislature, 244, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the Senate. 8th Legislature, 169, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the Senate. 9th Legislature, 14, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the Senate. 10th Legislature, 47, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Andrew Johnson, Proclamation 139—Reorganizing a Constitutional Government in Texas Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 11th Legislature, 25, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 14th Legislature, 7, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 16th Legislature, 106, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 18th Legislature, 38, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 20th Legislature, 64, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 22nd Legislature, 6, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 24th Legislature, 44, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 26th Legislature, 82, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 28th Legislature, 104, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 30th Legislature, 109, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 32nd Legislature, 137, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 34th Legislature, 125, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 37th Legislature, 148, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 39th Legislature, 98, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 40th Legislature, 81, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 42nd Legislature, 74, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 43rd Legislature, 98, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 44th Legislature, 93, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 46th Legislature, 100, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 50th Legislature, 60, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 55th Legislature, 64, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 58th Legislature, 56, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 61st Legislature, 98, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 63rd Legislature, 113, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 66th Legislature, 121, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 68th Legislature, 138, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 70th Legislature, 122, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 72nd Legislature, 139, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 74th Legislature, 35, accessed July 9, 2023
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Texas Legislature. Journal of the House of Representatives. 84th Legislature, 182, accessed July 9, 2023
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
External links
- Office of the Governor of Texas
- Legislative Reference Library of Texas -- Governors of Texas
- Governor (of Texas) from the Handbook of Texas Online
- The Handbook of Texas Online: Texas History Quiz -- Presidents and Governors of Texas
- Explanation of the strengths of governors
Template:Current Texas statewide political officials Template:Lists of US Governors Script error: No such module "navbox". Template:State agencies of Texas Script error: No such module "navbox".