Minister of Transport (Canada)

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The minister of transport (Template:Langx) is a minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet. The minister is responsible for overseeing the federal government's transportation regulatory and development department, Transport Canada, the Saint Lawrence Seaway, Nav Canada, and the Port Authority system.[1] Since March 14, 2025, the position has been held by Chrystia Freeland of the Liberal Party. Since December 20, 2024, each minister of transport has concurrently been minister for internal trade, styled as minister of transport and internal trade (Template:Langx).

History

The Constitution Act, 1867 under section 92(10) established federal responsibility for land and sea transportation between provinces and internationally. Most transportation duties and powers were placed under the minister of public works,[2] with responsibilities for ports and harbours going to the minister of marine and fisheries.[3] In 1879, the Department of Public Works was divided in two, with powers and duties over rail and inland sea transport going to the newly formed minister of railways and canals.[4] The minister of railways and canals was one of the most important cabinet posts because of the importance of railways to the economic development of Canada, with three prime ministers assuming the position either before or during their premiership.

In Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King's third cabinet in 1935, C. D. Howe was appointed to both the minister of railways and canals and the minister of marine, which was a short-lived position split from the minister of marine and fisheries in 1930.[5] The office of Minister of Transport was created by Mackenzie King in 1936, which was formally a successor to the minister of railways and canals,[6] and C. D. Howe was appointed as the first Minister of Transport.[7]

From 2006 to 2013, the position was styled Minister of Transport, Infrastructure and Communities, a name change corresponding with responsibility for Infrastructure Canada being transferred to the portfolio at that time. "Minister of Transport" remained the title for legal purposes. With the Cabinet shuffle of July 15, 2013, Infrastructure and Communities portfolio was separated from Transport and assigned to the minister of intergovernmental affairs.[8]

Transport Canada used to manage most of Canada's major airports, but in the 1990s, most airports were off-loaded to non-profit private airport authorities. The department is now responsible for transportation safety, appointments to Boards of Governors, and regulation management.

Portfolio

In addition to Transport Canada, the minister of transport is responsible for overseeing 55 other entities,[1] the majority of which are port authorities and airport authorities:

Minister of Railways and Canals (1879–1936)

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Key:

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  Liberal Party of Canada

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  Historical conservative parties: Liberal-Conservative, Conservative (historical), Unionist, National Liberal and Conservative
Portrait Name Term of office Political party Ministry
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:TupperUniform.jpg Sir Charles Tupper 20 May 1879 28 May 1884 Liberal-Conservative 3 (Macdonald)[9]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:John Henry Pope.jpg John Henry Pope (acting) 29 May 1884 24 September 1885 Liberal-Conservative
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:John Henry Pope.jpg John Henry Pope 25 September 1885 1 April 1889 Liberal-Conservative
File:No image.svg vacant 2 April 1889 9 April 1889 –
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:John A Macdonald (ca. 1875).jpg John A. Macdonald (acting) 10 April 1889 27 November 1889 Liberal-Conservative
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:John A Macdonald (ca. 1875).jpg John A. Macdonald 28 November 1889 6 June 1891 Liberal-Conservative
File:No image.svg vacant 7 June 1891 16 June 1891 – 4 (Abbott)[10]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:SirMackenzieBowell.jpg Mackenzie Bowell (acting) 17 June 1891 10 January 1892 Conservative (historical)
rowspan=3 style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:John Graham Haggart.jpg John Graham Haggart 11 January 1892 4 December 1892 Conservative (historical)
5 December 1892 20 December 1894 5 (Thompson)[11]
21 December 1894 5 January 1896 6 (Bowell)[12]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:No image.svg Joseph-Aldric Ouimet (acting) 6 January 1896 14 January 1896 Conservative (historical)
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:John Graham Haggart.jpg John Graham Haggart 15 January 1896 30 April 1896 Conservative (historical)
1 May 1896 8 July 1896 7 (Tupper)[13]
File:No image.svg vacant 6 January 1896 14 January 1896 – 8 (Laurier)[14]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Andrew George Blair.jpg Andrew George Blair 20 July 1896 20 July 1903 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:William Stevens Fielding, premier of Nova Scotia.jpg William Stevens Fielding (acting) 21 July 1903 14 January 1904 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:HREmmersonWIK.jpg Henry Emmerson 15 January 1904 2 April 1907 Liberal
File:No image.svg vacant 3 April 1907 8 April 1907 –
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:William Stevens Fielding, premier of Nova Scotia.jpg William Stevens Fielding (acting) 9 April 1907 29 August 1907 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:HREmmersonWIK.jpg George Perry Graham 30 August 1907 10 October 1911 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Francis Cochrane.jpg Francis Cochrane 10 October 1911 12 October 1917 Conservative (historical) 9 (Borden)[15]
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:John Dowsley Reid.jpg John Dowsley Reid 12 October 1917 9 July 1920 Unionist 10 (Borden)[16]
10 July 1920 20 September 1921 11 (Meighen)[17]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:No image.svg John Alexander Stewart 21 September 1921 29 December 1921 Unionist
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:No image.svg William Costello Kennedy 29 December 1921 18 January 1923 Liberal 12 (King)[18]
File:No image.svg vacant 19 January 1923 27 April 1923 –
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Hon. Geo. P. Graham, 7-13-22 LCCN2016846558 (cropped).jpg George Perry Graham 28 April 1923 19 February 1926 Liberal
File:No image.svg vacant 20 February 1926 28 February 1926 –
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:People-Dunning.jpg Charles Avery Dunning 1 March 1926 28 June 1926 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Henry Lumley Drayton.jpg Henry Lumley Drayton (acting) 29 June 1926 12 July 1926 Conservative (historical) 13 (Meighen)[19]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:No image.svg William Anderson Black (acting) 13 July 1926 25 September 1926 Conservative (historical)
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour"| File:People-Dunning.jpg Charles Avery Dunning 25 September 1926 25 November 1929 Liberal 14 (King)[5]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour"| File:People-Dunning.jpg Charles Avery Dunning (acting) 26 November 1929 29 December 1929 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour"| File:CRERAR.jpg Thomas Crerar 30 December 1929 7 August 1930 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:MP Robert Manion.jpg Robert James Manion 7 August 1930 23 October 1935 Conservative (historical) 15 (Bennett)[20]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour"| File:C.D. Howe, wartime.jpg C. D. Howe 23 October 1935 1 November 1936 Liberal 16 (King)[7]
Railways and Canals portfolio moved to Minister of Transport.

Minister of Marine (1930–1936)

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Key:

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  Liberal

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  Conservative (historical)
Portrait Name Term of office Political party Ministry
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Arthur Cardin.jpg Arthur Cardin 14 June 1930 7 August 1930 Liberal 14 (King)[5]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour"| File:Alfred Duranleau.png Alfred Duranleau 7 August 1930 19 July 1935 Conservative (historical) 15 (Bennett)[20]
File:No image.svg vacant 20 July 1935 29 August 1935 —
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour"| File:No image.svg Lucien Henri Gendron 30 August 1935 23 October 1935 Conservative (historical)
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:C.D. Howe, wartime.jpg C. D. Howe 23 October 1935 1 November 1936 Liberal 16 (King)[7]
Marine portfolio moved to Minister of Transport.

Minister of Transport (1936–present)

Key:

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  Liberal

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  Progressive Conservative

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  Conservative
Portrait Name Term of office Political party Ministry
Minister of Transport
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:C.D. Howe, wartime.jpg C. D. Howe 2 November 1936 7 July 1940 Liberal 16 (King)[7]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Arthur Cardin.jpg Arthur Cardin 8 July 1940 12 May 1942 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:C.D. Howe, wartime.jpg C. D. Howe (acting) 13 May 1942 5 October 1942 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Joseph Enoil Michaud.jpg Joseph-Enoil Michaud 6 October 1942 17 April 1945 Liberal
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Lionel Chevrier.jpg Lionel Chevrier 18 April 1945 14 November 1948 Liberal
15 November 1948 30 June 1954 17 (St. Laurent)[21]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:No image.svg George Carlyle Marler 1 July 1954 20 June 1957 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;"| File:George Hees.jpg George Hees 21 June 1957 10 October 1960 Progressive Conservative 18 (Diefenbaker)[22]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;"| File:Léon Balcer portrait.jpg Léon Balcer 11 October 1960 21 April 1963 Progressive Conservative
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:George McIlraith portrait.jpg George McIlraith 22 April 1963 2 February 1964 Liberal 19 (Pearson)[23]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Jack Pickersgill portrait.jpg Jack Pickersgill 3 February 1964 18 September 1967 Liberal
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Paul Hellyer portrait.jpg Paul Hellyer 19 September 1967 19 April 1968 Liberal
20 April 1968 29 April 1969 20 (P. E. Trudeau)[24]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:No image.svg James Armstrong Richardson (acting) 30 April 1969 4 May 1969 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Don Jamieson portrait.jpg Don Jamieson 5 May 1969 26 November 1972 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Jean Marchand1.jpg Jean Marchand 27 November 1972 25 September 1975 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:No image.svg Otto Lang 26 September 1975 3 June 1979 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:No image.svg Don Mazankowski 4 June 1979 2 March 1980 Progressive Conservative 21 (Clark)[25]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Jean-Luc Pepin portrait 1968 (edited).jpg Jean-Luc Pépin 3 March 1980 11 August 1983 Liberal 22 (P. E. Trudeau)[26]
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Lloyd Axworthy 1980 (cropped).jpg Lloyd Axworthy 12 August 1983 29 June 1984 Liberal
30 June 1984 16 September 1984 23 (Turner)[27]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;"| File:No image.svg Don Mazankowski (2nd time) 17 September 1984 29 June 1986 Progressive Conservative 24 (Mulroney)[28]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;"| File:Crosbie 1983-2 crop.jpg John Crosbie 30 June 1986 30 March 1988 Progressive Conservative
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;"| File:No image.svg Benoît Bouchard 31 March 1988 22 February 1990 Progressive Conservative
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;"| File:No image.svg Doug Lewis 23 February 1990 20 April 1991 Progressive Conservative
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;"| File:No image.svg Jean Corbeil 21 April 1991 24 June 1993 Progressive Conservative
25 June 1993 3 November 1993 25 (Campbell)[29]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:No image.svg Doug Young 4 November 1993 24 January 1996 Liberal 26 (Chrétien)[30]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:David Anderson April 2011.jpg David Anderson 25 January 1996 10 June 1997 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:No image.svg David Collenette 11 June 1997 11 December 2003 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:No image.svg Tony Valeri 12 December 2003 19 July 2004 Liberal 27 (Martin)[31]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:No image.svg Jean Lapierre 20 July 2004 5 February 2006 Liberal
Minister of Transport, Infrastructure, and Communities
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;"| File:Lawrence Cannon on March 29, 2010.jpg Lawrence Cannon 6 February 2006 30 October 2008 Conservative 28 (Harper)[32]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;"| File:John Baird cropped 2011-08-04.jpg John Baird 30 October 2008 6 August 2010 Conservative
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;"| File:Chuck Strahl 2014.jpg Chuck Strahl 6 August 2010 18 May 2011 Conservative
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;"| File:Denis Lebel 2017.jpg Denis Lebel 18 May 2011 15 July 2013 Conservative
Minister of Transport
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;"| File:Lisa Raitt - 2017 (36917974502) (cropped)2.jpg Lisa Raitt 15 July 2013 4 November 2015 Conservative 28 (Harper)[32]
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Marc Garneau - 2018 (42748534304) (cropped).jpg Marc Garneau 4 November 2015 12 January 2021 Liberal 29 (J. Trudeau)
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Canada bilateral at COP 26 (51671787786) (cropped).jpg Omar Alghabra 12 January 2021 26 July 2023 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Réseau Express Métropolitain (inauguration) 12 - Pablo Rodriguez (3-4 crop).jpg Pablo Rodriguez 26 July 2023 19 September 2024 Liberal
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:US Secretary of Defense hosts world leaders during UDCG 001 - Anita Anand (cropped).jpg Anita Anand 19 September 2024 20 December 2024 Liberal
Minister of Transport and Internal Trade
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:US Secretary of Defense hosts world leaders during UDCG 001 - Anita Anand (cropped).jpg Anita Anand 20 December 2024 14 March 2025 Liberal 29 (J. Trudeau)
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour" | File:Chrystia Freeland 2023 (cropped).jpg Chrystia Freeland 14 March 2025 Incumbent Liberal 30 (Carney)

See also

References

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  8. ↑ Technically it was assigned to the President of the Privy Council, which also had responsibility for intergovernmental affairs. http://www.pco-bcp.gc.ca/oic-ddc.asp?lang=eng&txtToDate=2013-07-15&txtPrecis=&Page=&txtOICID=&txtAct=&txtBillNo=&txtFromDate=2013-07-15&txtDepartment=&txtChapterNo=&txtChapterYear=&rdoComingIntoForce=&DoSearch=Search+/+List&pg=2&viewattach=28125&blnDisplayFlg=1
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  32. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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