Glossary of anarchism

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "sidebar". Script error: No such module "Hatnote". The following is a list of terms specific to anarchists. Anarchism is a political and social movement which advocates voluntary association in opposition to authoritarianism and hierarchy. Template:Compact TOC

A

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Acracy
The negation of rule or "government by none". While "anarchy" refers to the absence of a hierarchical society-organizing power principle, "acracy" refers to the absence of coercion; the condition of acracy is one of voluntary order. Derived from the Greek α- [no] and κρατία [system of government].
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Adhocracy
A form of organic organization according to which different parts of an organization are temporarily assembled to meet the requirements of that particular point in time.[1]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Affinity group
A small non-hierarchical collective of individuals who collaborate on direct action via consensus decision-making.[2]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Anarch
Coined by Ernst Jünger, this refers to the ruler (i.e. individual) in a state of anarchy analogous to the monarch in a state of monarchy, a conception influenced by Max Stirner's notion of the sovereign individual.[3]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Anarchism without adjectives
A form of anarchism which does not declare affiliation with any specific subtype of anarchism (as may be suffixed to anarcho- or anarcha-), instead positioning itself as pluralistic, tolerant of all anarchist schools of thought.[4]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Anarchy
Derived from the Ancient Greek ἀν (without) + ἄρχειν (to rule) "without archons," "without rulers".[5]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Anomie
Social disorder and civil war in an absence of government, used to separate anarchy as in social order and absence of government.
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Ansoc
Clipping of anarcho-socialism and/or anarcho-socialist used in informal discourse, particularly in blogs or other internet forums.
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Anti-systemic library
A library which is not organised hierarchically and that has no catalogue. The concept is influenced by the ideas of the Situationists.
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Autonomism
A set of radical left-wing political movements in Western Europe which emerged in the late 20th century.
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Archon
A Greek word meaning "ruler"; the absence of archons and archy (rule) defines a state of anarchy. Derived from the Ancient Greek άρχων, pl. άρχοντες.

B

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Biennio rosso
The "two red years" of political agitation, strikes and land occupation by Italian workers in 1919 and 1920.[6]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Black anarchism
A political philosophy primarily of African-Americans, opposed to what it sees as the oppression of people of colour by the white ruling class through the power of the state.[7]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Black bloc
An affinity group, or cluster of affinity groups that assembles during protests, demonstrations, or other forms of direct action. Black blocs are noted for the distinctive all-black clothing worn by members to conceal their identity and for their intentional defiance of state property law.[8][9]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Bourse du Travail
A distinctively French form of working class organization of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, bourses du travail promoted mutual aid, education, and self-organization amongst their members.[10]

C

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Companion
A term used to speak about a fellow anarchist, akin to 'comrade' in communism and a former organizational structure of anarchism.[11]Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Consensus decision-making
A participatory decision making process for collectives that seeks the resolution or mitigation of minority objections (according to the principle of inclusivity) as well as the agreement of the majority of participants.[12][13][14]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Cost the limit of price
A maxim coined by individualist anarchist Josiah Warren (1798–1874) to express a normative conception of the labor theory of value—that is, that the price of a good or service should never exceed its cost.[15]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Counter-economics
Abbreviation of "counter-establishment economics", a concept in agorist theory of the use and advocacy of black and grey markets and the underground economy to erode the moral authority of and the perceived necessity for the state.

D

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…When a revolutionary situation develops, counter-institutions have the potential of functioning as a real alternative to the existing structure and reliance on them becomes as normal as reliance on the old authoritarian institutions. This is when counter-institutions constitute dual power.

Dual power is a state of affairs in which people have created institutions that fulfill all the useful functions formerly provided by the state. The creation of a general state of dual power is a necessary requirement for a successful revolution…

Love and Rage Revolutionary Anarchist Federation New York Local Member Handbook; June, 1997.[16]

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Dispute resolution organization (Template:Vanchor)Script error: No such module "anchor".
A private (or possibly cooperative) organization specialized in resolving disputes that would arise in an anarchical society (similar to a PDA).[17]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Diversity of tactics Template:Defn <dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Dual power
The concept of revolution through the creation of "counter-institutions" in place of and in opposition to state power.[16] Used in anarcho-communist discourse, it is distinct from the earlier use of the phrase by non-anarchist communists such as Vladimir Lenin.
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Dumpster diving
Physically searching through the discarded belongings in a dumpster or other trash receptacle, with the intention of salvaging useful material such as food or information.[18]

E

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Epistemological anarchism
A theory in the philosophy of science advanced by Paul Feyerabend which holds that there are no useful and exception-free rules governing the progress of science, and that the pragmatic approach is a Dadaistic "anything goes" attitude of methodological pluralism.[19]

F

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Food rescue
The practice of retrieving edible food that would otherwise go to waste and distributing it to those in need.[20]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Free school
A decentralized network in which skills, information and knowledge are shared with neither the social hierarchy nor the institutional environment of formal schooling.
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Free soviets
Following the Russian Revolution, the concept of workers' councils (soviets) that were self-governing and free from party control.[21]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Freeganism
An anti-consumerist lifestyle according to which participants attempt to restrict their consumption of natural resources and participation in the conventional economy to using salvaged and discarded goods.[22]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Freigeld
A monetary system in the Freiwirtschaft theory, according to which units of currency retain their value or lose it at a certain rate, making inflation and profiting from interest impossible. Freigeld is a German phrase with the literal meaning "free money".[23]

G

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Give-away shop
Second-hand stores where all goods are free. An example of a gift economy.[24]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Guerrilla gardening
Nonviolent direct action whereby disused plots are converted to gardens without seeking the permission of the putative property owners.[25] Related: squatting.

H

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Haymarket Martyrs
The seven anarchists tried and executed for the murder of a Chicago policeman during the Haymarket affair.[26]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Haymarket Tragedy
See Haymarket Martyrs
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Hierarchy
See social hierarchy
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Horizontalidad (also Template:Vanchor)
A form of non-hierarchical social organization which utilises direct democracy and consensus decision-making.[27]

I

File:Left Bank Books Seattle.jpg
Interior of the Left Bank Books infoshop in Seattle, Washington, in 2006. An infoshop is a nexus for information exchange among anarchists.

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Illegalism
A doctrine which rejects all moral obligations and governmental law in favour of the satisfaction of one's own desires.[28] Pioneered by the Bonnot Gang in France and heavily influenced by the individualist anarchist philosophy of Max Stirner.[28]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Immediatism
A philosophy which demands the embracing of immediate social interactions with people as a means of countering the antisocial consequences of consumerist capitalism.[29]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Individual reclamation (reprise individuelle)Script error: No such module "anchor". Template:Defn <dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Infoshop
A space (often a social center) that serves as a node for anarchists involved with radical movements and countercultures for trading publications (typically books, zines, stickers and posters), meeting and networking with similar individuals and groups.[30] The primary directive of an infoshop is the dissemination of information.[31] Related: zine library.
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Invisible dictatorship
A vanguardist organisation of revolutionaries first proposed by Mikhail Bakunin.[32]

J

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Jurisdictional arbitrage
Exploitation of differences in national laws and regulations[33] to maximise liberty. Related: dynamic geography, panarchism.

K

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >KaboutersScript error: No such module "anchor".
Dutch anarchists influenced by Peter Kropotkin who sought to promote awareness of alternatives to authoritarian and capitalist solutions to social problems in 1960s Amsterdam.[34]

L

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Land and liberty Script error: No such module "other uses".
A slogan expressing the desire of freedom from landowners originally used by the revolutionary leaders of the Mexican Revolution. Spanish: Tierra y Libertad, Russian: Земля и Воля Zemlya i Volya.
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Law of equal liberty
A doctrine asserting that each individual has the right to assert their fullest liberty to act so long as it does not extend them greater liberty than any other individual. Named by Herbert Spencer.
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >LifestylismScript error: No such module "anchor". Template:Defn <dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Lois scélératesScript error: No such module "anchor".
A pejorative term for a set of French laws passed during 1893–1894 restricting the freedom of the anarchist press in the aftermath of an outbreak of propaganda of the deed.

M

File:The Modern School in New York City, circa 1911-12.jpg
The Modern School in New York City, circa 1911–12. Anarchist philosopher and radical historian Will Durant stands on the steps with his pupils.

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Makhnovshchina
Mass movement to establish anarchist-communism in Ukraine, led by the Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary Nestor Makhno (1888–1934) and his followers in the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Modern School
American schools formed in the early 20th century based on the ideas of educator and anarchist Francesc Ferrer i Guàrdia and modelled after his Escuela Moderna.[35]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Mutual aid
The voluntary reciprocal exchange of resources and services for mutual benefit. Related: gift economy, voluntarism.

N

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Netwar
Low-intensity social conflict employing a network structure for organisational control and communication.[36] Related: Security culture.

P

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Panarchy (political philosophy)
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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Participatory politics
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Polycentric law
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Popular assembly
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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Post-left
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Prefigurative politics
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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Primitivist
Used interchangeably with anarcho-primitivist.
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Propaganda of the deed
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Property is theft!
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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Provo
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Punk house
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R

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Radical cheerleading
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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Really Really Free Market
A free market based on the principle of gift economics whereby participants bring gifts and resources to share with one another, without money being exchanged.[37] Related: participatory economics, voluntary association.
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Refusal of work
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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Responsible autonomy
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Revolutionary spontaneity
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Rewilding
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Reprise individuelle
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S

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Samizdat—the production of literature banned by the former communist governments of eastern Europe; the term is a play on the term for the Soviet state press, and translates to "self-publishing." Throughout the greater part of the twentieth century, the best literature, philosophy, and history in the Soviet Union and its satellite states was copied by photo-reproduction and distributed through underground channels—just as it is here in the United States today.

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Seasteading
The creation of permanent dwellings on the ocean, analogous to homesteading on land. A seastead is a structure meant for permanent occupation on the ocean.[39]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Security culture
Secrecy practiced by an affinity group which engages in illegal activities, and its precautions to avoid surveillance or infiltration by law enforcement.[40] Related: direct action, netwar
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Social center
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Social ecology
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Social hierarchy
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Social revolution
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Somatherapy
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Spokescouncil
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Spontaneous order
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Street reclamation
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Swaraj
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

T

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >TANSTAAFL
Acronym coined by libertarian science fiction writer Robert A. Heinlein in The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress for "There Ain't No Such Thing As A Free Lunch". Used to express scepticism towards socialist economics.[41]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Tragic Week
The name given to a series of violent confrontations between the Spanish army and the anarchist-backed working classes in Catalunyan cities from July 25-August 2, 1909.[42]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Trial of the thirty
A show trial in 1894 in Paris aimed at legitimizing the lois scélérates passed in 1893–1894 against the French anarchist movement and at restricting press freedom by proving the existence of an effective association between anarchists.[43] French: Procès des trente

V

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Veganarchism
The political philosophy of veganism (more specifically animal liberation) and anarchism, creating a combined praxis as a means for social revolution.
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Voluntarism
The use of or reliance on voluntary action to maintain an institution, carry out a policy, or achieve an end.[44]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Voluntaryism
A political philosophy which advocates voluntary association as the foundation of society, and opposes coercion and aggression.

W

File:Wageslavery.jpg
The abolition of wage slavery has been a stated goal of unions like the Industrial Workers of the World.

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Wage slavery
A term which asserts a similarity between slavery—the ownership and control of one person by another—and wage labour.[45]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Workers' self-management
A form of workplace decision-making in which the workers rather than professional managers decide on issues related to the operation of the business.[46]

Z

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<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Zenarchy
Compound of zen and "archy". The social order which arises from meditation. As a doctrine, zenarchism is the belief that "universal enlightenment" is a prerequisite to the abolition of the state.[47]
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Zine
A low-circulation, non-commercial periodical of original or appropriated texts and images. Usually reproduced via photocopier on a variety of colored paper stock.
<dt id="Script error: No such module "delink"." >Zine library
A repository of zines and other associated artifacts, such as small press books. Zine libraries are typically run on a minimal budget, and have a close association with infoshops and other forms of DIY culture and independent media.

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Recipes for Disaster, p.28-31
  3. ↑ Warrior, Waldgänger, Anarch: An essay on Ernst Jünger's concept of the sovereign individual Template:Webarchive by Abdalbarr Braun. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
  4. ↑ Esenwein, George Richard "Anarchist Ideology and the Working Class Movement in Spain, 1868–1898" [p. 135]
  5. ↑ Anarchy Merriam-Webster's Online dictionary
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ ACME Collective, A communique from one section of the black bloc of N30 in Seattle.
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Tucker, Benjamin R., "State Socialism and Anarchism Template:Webarchive", Individual Liberty, Vanguard Press, New York, 1926
  16. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Logs : micro-fondements d'émancipation sociale et artistique. Maisons-Alfort, France : Ére, [2005- ]. Template:ISBN Template:Catalog lookup link p.20
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ Recipes for Disaster, p. 241
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".; Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Jean Maitron, Le mouvement anarchiste en France, Tel Gallimard (first ed. François Maspero, 1975), tome I, chapter VI, "Le Procès des Trente. Fin d'une époque", pp.251-261
  44. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  46. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  47. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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Bibliography

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