Golden Lion

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The Golden Lion (Template:Langx) is the highest prize given to a film at the Venice Film Festival. The prize was introduced in 1949 by the organizing committee and is regarded as one of the film industry's most prestigious and distinguished prizes.[1] In 1970, a second Golden Lion award was introduced, an honorary prize for people who have made an important contribution to cinema.

The prize was introduced in 1949 as the Golden Lion of Saint Mark (which was one of the best known symbols of the ancient Republic of Venice).[2] In 1954, the prize was permanently named the Golden Lion.

History

File:Golden Lion (prize).jpg
A Golden Lion trophy
File:Mario Monicelli Roberto Rossellini Leone d'Oro.jpg
Roberto Rossellini and Mario Monicelli winning the Golden Lion in 1959 for General Della Rovere and The Great War, respectively

The first Golden Lion was awarded in 1949. Previously, the equivalent prize was the Gran Premio Internazionale di Venezia (Grand International Prize of Venice), awarded in 1947 and 1948. No Golden Lions were awarded between 1969 and 1979. According to the Biennale's official website, the hiatus was a result of the 1968 Lion being given to the radically experimental Die Artisten in der Zirkuskuppel: Ratlos; the website says that the awards "still had a statute dating back to the fascist era and could not side-step the general political climate. Sixty-eight produced a dramatic fracture with the past".[3] Fourteen French films have been awarded the Golden Lion, more than to any other nation. However, there is considerable geographical diversity in the winners. Eight American filmmakers have won the Golden Lion, with awards for John Cassavetes and Robert Altman (both times the awards were shared with other winners who tied), as well as Ang Lee (Brokeback Mountain was the first winning U.S. film not to tie), Darren Aronofsky, Sofia Coppola, Todd Phillips, Chloé Zhao, and Laura Poitras.

Although prior to 1980, only three of 21 winners were of non-European origin, since the 1980s, the Golden Lion has been presented to a number of Asian filmmakers, particularly in comparison to the Cannes Film Festival's top prize, the Palme d'Or, which has only been awarded to five Asian filmmakers since 1980. The Golden Lion, by contrast, has been awarded to ten Asians during the same time period, with two of these filmmakers winning it twice. Ang Lee won the Golden Lion twice within three years during the 2000s, once for an American film and once for a Chinese-language film. Zhang Yimou has also won twice. Other Asians to win the Golden Lion since 1980 include Jia Zhangke, Hou Hsiao-hsien, Tsai Ming-liang, Trần Anh Hùng, Takeshi Kitano, Kim Ki-duk, Jafar Panahi, Mira Nair, and Lav Diaz. Russian filmmakers have won the Golden Lion several times, including since the end of the USSR.

To date, 33 of the 54 winners were European men (including Soviet/Russian winners). Since 1949, only seven women have won the Golden Lion for directing: Margarethe von Trotta, Agnès Varda, Mira Nair, Sofia Coppola, Chloé Zhao, Audrey Diwan, and Laura Poitras (though in 1938, German director Leni Riefenstahl won the Festival when its highest award was the Coppa Mussolini). In 2019, Joker became the first movie based on original comic book characters to win the prize.[4]

Controversies

From 1934 until 1942, the highest award of the festival was the Coppa Mussolini for Best Italian Film and Best Foreign Film. Even though other awards were attributed to Nazi propaganda films, such as Jud Süß (Suss, the Jew), an antisemitic production made at the behest of Nazi Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels, won the festival's Golden Crown[5][6] award in 1940.[7][8][9]

Gran Premio Internazionale di Venezia

After the end of the WWII during the reestablishment of the festival, The Southerner, directed by Jean Renoir, won the main prize at the 1946 edition. During 1947 and 1948 the equivalent prize for the Golden Lion was the Gran Premio Internazionale di Venezia (Grand International Prize of Venice), awarded to Karel Steklý's The Strike in 1947 and Laurence Olivier's Hamlet in 1948.

Winners

These films received the Golden Lions or the major awards of the Venice Film Festival:[10]

File:Akirakurosawa-onthesetof7samurai-1953-page88.jpg
Akira Kurosawa won for Template:Sort (1950)
File:Carl Theodor Dreyer (1965) by Erling Mandelmann.jpg
Carl Theodor Dreyer won for Ordet (1946)
File:Satyajit-Ray-Young.jpg
Template:Sortname won for Template:Sort (1957)
File:Michelangelo Antonioni portrait (cropped).jpg
Template:Sortname won for Template:Sort (1964)
File:Identite-LouisMalle-1958-Sacem.png
Template:Sortname won twice for Template:Sort (1980) and Template:Sort (1987)
File:John Cassavetes as Johnny Staccato 1959.jpg
Template:Sortname won for Template:Sort (1980)
File:Jean-Luc Godard at Berkeley, 1968.jpg
Template:Sortname won for Template:Sort (1983)
File:Identite-AgnesVarda-1962-Sacem.jpg
Template:Sortname won for Template:Sort (1985)
File:Zhang Yimou from "Full River Red" at Red Carpet of the Tokyo International Film Festival 2023 (53348405394).jpg
Template:Sortname won twice for Template:Sort (1992) and Template:Sort (1999)
File:Jafar Panahi, Cines del Sur 2007-1 (cropped).jpg
Template:Sortname won for Template:Sort (2000)
File:Ang Lee - 66eme Festival de Venise (Mostra) 2.jpg
Template:Sortname won twice for Template:Sort (2005) and Template:Sort (2007)
File:Jia Zhangke cropped.jpg
Template:Sortname won for Template:Sort (2006)
File:Sofia Coppola Cannes 2013.jpg
Template:Sortname won for Template:Sort (2010)
File:Pedro Almodóvar-69698.jpg
Template:Sortname won for Template:Sort (2024)

1940s

Year Title Director Production Country
1949 Template:Sort Template:Sortname France

1950s

Year English Title Original Title Director(s) Production Country
1950 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname France
1951 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Japan
1952 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname France
1953 No award given, the jury was unable to decide the winner and the prize was declared void[11][12]
1954 Template:Sort Template:Sortname United Kingdom
1955 Template:Sort Template:Sortname Denmark
1956 No award given, the jury was unable to decide the winner and the prize was declared void[13]Template:Efn
1957 Template:Sort অপরাজিত Template:Sortname India
1958 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Japan
1959 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname France, Italy
Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname

1960s

Year English Title Original Title Director(s) Production Country
1960 Template:Sort Template:Sort André Cayatte France
1961 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname
1962 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Italy
Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Soviet Union
1963 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Italy
1964 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname
1965 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname
1966 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Algeria, Italy
1967 Template:Sort Template:Sortname France
1968 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname West Germany
1969 No award given, this edition of the festival was not competitive[14]

1970s

Year English Title Original Title Director(s) Production Country Ref.
1970 No award given, the editions of the festival were not competitive [15]
1971
1972
1973 No award given, the festival was not organized during these yearsTemplate:Efn [15]
1974
1975
1976
1977 No award given, the festival was not organized this yearTemplate:Efn
1978 No award given, the festival was not organized this year
1979 No award given, this edition of the festival was not competitive [16]

1980s

Year English Title Original Title Director(s) Production Country
1980 Template:Sort Template:Sortname Canada, France
Template:Sort Template:Sortname United States
1981 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname West Germany
1982 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname
1983 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname France
1984 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Poland
1985 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname France
1986 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname
1987 Template:Sort Template:Sortname France, West Germany
1988 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Italy, France
1989 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Taiwan

1990s

Year English Title Original Title Director(s) Production Country
1990 Template:Sort Template:Sortname United Kingdom, United States
1991 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Soviet Union
1992 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname China
1993 Template:Sort Template:Sortname United States
Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname France, Poland
1994 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Macedonia
Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Taiwan
1995 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Vietnam, France
1996 Template:Sort Template:Sortname Ireland, United Kingdom
1997 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Japan
1998 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Italy
1999 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname China

2000s

Year English Title Original Title Director(s) Production Country
2000 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Iran
2001 Template:Sort Template:Sortname India
2002 Template:Sort Template:Sortname Ireland, United Kingdom
2003 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Russia
2004 Template:Sort Template:Sortname United Kingdom
2005 Template:Sort Template:Sortname United States
2006 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname China
2007 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Taiwan, China, United States
2008 Template:Sort Template:Sortname United States
2009 Template:Sort לבנון Template:Sortname Israel

2010s

Year English Title Original Title Director(s) Production Country
2010 Template:Sort § Template:Sortname United States
2011 Template:Sort § Фауст Template:Sortname Russia
2012 Template:Sort 피에타 Template:Sortname South Korea
2013 Template:Sort Template:Sortname Italy
2014 Template:Sort En duva satt på en gren och funderade på tillvaron Template:Sortname Sweden
2015 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Venezuela
2016 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Philippines
2017 Template:Sort Template:Sortname United States, Mexico
2018 Template:Sort Template:Sortname Mexico, United States
2019 Template:Sort Template:Sortname United States

2020s

Year English Title Original Title Director(s) Production Country
2020 Template:Sort Template:Sortname United States
2021 Template:Sort § Template:Sort Template:Sortname France
2022 Template:Sort Template:Sortname United States
2023 Template:Sort Template:Sortname Ireland, United Kingdom, United States
2024 Template:Sort Template:Sort Template:Sortname Spain
Notes
§ Denotes unanimous win

Multiple winners

Four directors have won the award twice:

Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement

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File:Marcello Mastroianni 04.jpg
Marcello Mastroianni receiving the prize in 1990
File:Steven Spielberg - GianAngelo Pistoia 1.jpg
Steven Spielberg receiving the prize from Gillo Pontecorvo in 1993
File:Martin Scorsese 02.jpg
Martin Scorsese receiving the prize from Monica Vitti, 1995
File:Omar Sharif 02.jpg
Omar Sharif receiving the prize in 2003
Year Winner(s)
1970 Orson Welles
1971 Ingmar Bergman, Marcel Carné, and John Ford
1972 Charlie Chaplin, Anatoli Golovnya and Billy Wilder
1982 Alessandro Blasetti, Luis Buñuel, Frank Capra, George Cukor, Jean-Luc Godard, Sergei Yutkevich, Alexander Kluge, Akira Kurosawa, Michael Powell, Satyajit Ray, King Vidor, and Cesare Zavattini
1983 Michelangelo Antonioni
1985 Manoel de Oliveira, John Huston, and Federico Fellini
1986 Paolo Taviani and Vittorio Taviani
1987 Luigi Comencini and Joseph L. Mankiewicz
1988 Joris Ivens
1989 Robert Bresson
1990 Marcello Mastroianni and Miklós Jancsó
1991 Mario Monicelli and Gian Maria Volonté
1992 Jeanne Moreau, Francis Ford Coppola, and Paolo Villaggio
1993 Steven Spielberg, Robert De Niro, Roman Polanski, and Claudia Cardinale
1994 Al Pacino, Suso Cecchi d'Amico, and Ken Loach
1995 Woody Allen, Monica Vitti, Martin Scorsese, Alberto Sordi, Ennio Morricone, Giuseppe De Santis, Goffredo Lombardo, and Alain Resnais
1996 Robert Altman, Vittorio Gassman, Dustin Hoffman, and Michèle Morgan
1997 Gérard Depardieu, Stanley Kubrick, and Alida Valli
1998 Warren Beatty, Sophia Loren, and Andrzej Wajda
1999 Jerry Lewis
2000 Clint Eastwood
2001 Éric Rohmer
2002 Dino Risi
2003 Dino De Laurentiis and Omar Sharif
2004 Stanley Donen and Manoel de Oliveira
2005 Hayao Miyazaki and Stefania Sandrelli
2006 David Lynch
2007 Tim Burton and Bernardo Bertolucci (for the last 75 years of the history of cinema)
2008 Ermanno Olmi
2009 John Lasseter, Brad Bird, Pete Docter, Andrew Stanton, and Lee Unkrich
2010 John Woo
2011 Marco Bellocchio
2012 Francesco Rosi
2013 William Friedkin
2014 Thelma Schoonmaker and Frederick Wiseman
2015 Bertrand Tavernier
2016 Jean-Paul Belmondo and Jerzy Skolimowski
2017 Jane Fonda and Robert Redford
2018 David Cronenberg and Vanessa Redgrave
2019 Julie Andrews and Pedro Almodóvar
2020 Ann Hui and Tilda Swinton[17]
2021 Roberto Benigni and Jamie Lee Curtis
2022 Catherine Deneuve[18] and Paul Schrader[19]
2023 Liliana Cavani and Tony Leung Chiu-wai[20][21]
2024 Peter Weir and Sigourney Weaver[22][23]
2025 Werner Herzog[24]

See also

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Notes

References

Template:Reflist

External links

Template:Sister project

Template:Venice Film Festival Template:Golden Lion Template:Authority control

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