Leo I, King of Armenia
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Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Leo I (Template:Langx; 1150 – 2 May 1219)Template:Efn was the tenth lord of Armenian Cilicia,[1] ruling from 1187 to 1219,[2]Template:Rp and the first king to be crowned, in 1198/9 (sometimes known as Levon I the Magnificent[1]).Template:Efn[1][2]Template:Rp Leo eagerly led his kingdom alongside the armies of the Third Crusade and provided the crusaders with provisions, guides, pack animals and all manner of aid.[3]
He was consecrated as king in January 1198[2]Template:Rp or 1199.[1]
Early years
He was the younger son of Stephen, the third son of Leo I, lord of Armenian Cilicia.[2]Template:Rp His mother was Rita, a daughter of Sempad, Lord of Barbaron.[4] Leo's father, who was on his way to attend a banquet given by the Byzantine governor of Cilicia, Andronicus Euphorbenus,[1] was murdered[2]Template:Rp on 7 February 1165.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Following their father's death, Leo and his elder brother Roupen lived with their uncle.[1][5]
Their paternal uncle, Mleh I, lord of Armenian Cilicia had made a host of enemies by his cruelties in his country, resulting in his assassination by his own soldiers in the city of Sis in 1175.[6] The seigneurs of Cilician Armenia elected Leo's brother, Roupen III to occupy the throne of the principality. Roupen III sent Leo to surround Hethum's mountain lair.[7] But Bohemond III, rushing to the aid of Hethum, treacherously made Roupen prisoner.[8] During 1187, he became the ruler.[9]
His rule
In 1187, he was forced to engage in a war against Aleppo and Damascus, an arduous war in which he actually forced the allied forces to retreat. This first success of Leo is of great significance from a historical perspective, for at the same time that Saladin had begun his decisive battle against the Latin state of Jerusalem, the forces of Leo drew away the attention of some part of his forces and this way easing the pressure on the crusaders.[10]
Prince of Cilicia
Coronation
Leo was crowned on 6 January 1198 (or 1199)[1] at Tarsus,[5]
Antiochene War of Succession
In Cyprus between 28 January 1210/27 January 1211 Leo married Sibylle, the half-sister of King Hugh I of Cyprus.
Last years
Marriages and children
# (1) 3 February 1188 – 4 February 1189, divorced 1206: Isabelle (? – Vahka, 1207), a daughter of a brother of Sibylle, the wife of Bohemond III of Antioch[11][12]
- Rita (Stephanie) (after 1195 – June 1220), the wife of King John I of Jerusalem[13][14][15]
# (2) 28 January 1210 – 27 January 1211: Sibylla (1199/1200 – after 1225), a daughter of King Amalric I of Cyprus and Isabella I of Jerusalem[16]
- Queen Isabella I of Cilicia ( 27 January 1216 – 25 January 1217 – Ked, 23 January 1252)[17]
Notes
References
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- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Kurkjian 1958, p. 226
- ↑ Kurkjian 1958, p. 228
- ↑ Kurkjian 1958, pp. 228-229
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Sources
- Edwards, Robert W., The Fortifications of Armenian Cilicia, Dumbarton Oaks Studies XXIII, Dumbarton Oaks, Trustees for Harvard University, 1987, Washington, D.C.; Template:ISBN.
- Ghazarian, Jacob G: The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia during the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins (1080–1393); RoutledgeCurzon (Taylor & Francis Group), 2000, Abingdon; Template:ISBN
- Template:Setton-A History of the Crusades
- Template:Setton-A History of the Crusades
- Template:Runciman-A History of the Crusades
- Template:Setton-A History of the Crusades
External links
- Pages with script errors
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- 1150 births
- 1219 deaths
- Monarchs of the Rubenid dynasty
- 12th-century Armenian people
- 13th-century Armenian people
- Kings of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
- 12th-century rulers of Armenian Cilicia
- 13th-century rulers of Armenian Cilicia