Lafayette, Indiana

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Lafayette (Script error: No such module "IPAc-en". Script error: No such module "Respell".) is a city in and the county seat of Tippecanoe County, Indiana, United States.[1][2] The population was 70,783 at the 2020 census.[3] It sits across the Wabash River from West Lafayette, home to Purdue University, which plays a major role in both communities. Together, Lafayette and West Lafayette make up the core of the Lafayette metropolitan area, home to 235,066 people in 2020.

Lafayette was founded in 1825 on the southeast bank of the Wabash River near where the river becomes impassable for riverboats upstream, though a French fort and trading post had existed since 1717 on the opposite bank and three miles downstream. It was named for the French general Marquis de Lafayette, a Revolutionary War hero. Lafayette is Script error: No such module "convert". northwest of Indianapolis and Script error: No such module "convert". southeast of Chicago.

History

When European explorers arrived at this area, it was inhabited by a tribe of Miami Native Americans known as the Ouiatenon or Weas. In 1717, the French government established Fort Ouiatenon across the Wabash River and Script error: No such module "convert". south of present-day Lafayette. The fort became the center of trade for fur trappers, merchants and Indians. An annual reenactment and festival known as Feast of the Hunters' Moon is held there each autumn.[4]

File:LafayetteIN1868.JPG
Lafayette, 1868

The town of Lafayette was platted in May 1825 by William Digby, a trader. It was designated as the county seat of the newly formed Tippecanoe County the following year. Like many frontier towns, Lafayette was named for General Lafayette, a French officer who significantly aided George Washington's Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. Lafayette toured the United States in 1824 and 1825.[5]

In its earliest days, Lafayette was a shipping center on the Wabash River. In 1838, Henry Leavitt Ellsworth, the first United States Patent Commissioner, published a booklet titled Valley of the Upper Wabash, Indiana, with Hints on Its Agricultural Advantages, to promote settlement of the region. By 1845, Ellsworth had purchased Script error: No such module "convert". of farmland around Lafayette and moved there from Connecticut to supervise land sales.[6] By 1847 Ellsworth was distributing broadsides looking for farmers to purchase his farmland.[7] He became president of the Tippecanoe County Agricultural Society in April 1851 – despite some local resentment over what was called "the Yale Crowd" – but he was defeated the same year when he ran for the Indiana House of Representatives.[8] Ellsworth Street and Ellsworth Historic District are named for him.[9]

The Wabash and Erie Canal in the 1840s stimulated trade and affirmed Lafayette's regional prominence. Railroads arrived in the town in the 1850s, connecting it with other major markets. The Monon Railroad connected Lafayette with other sections of Indiana.

Lafayette was the site of the first official airmail delivery in the United States on 17 August 1859, when John Wise piloted a balloon starting on the Lafayette courthouse grounds. Wise hoped to reach New York; however, weather conditions forced the balloon down near Crawfordsville, Indiana, and the mail reached its final destination by train. In 1959, the US Postal Service issued a 7¢ airmail stamp commemorating the centennial of the event.[10]

Geography

File:Lafayette skyline from West Lafayette.png
Lafayette skyline from West Lafayette

Lafayette is located in Fairfield and Wea Townships.

According to the 2010 census, Lafayette has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., all land.[11]

Neighborhoods

Neighborhoods include:[12]

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Historic neighborhoods include Ninth Street Hill Neighborhood Historic District and Upper Main Street Historic District.

Climate

In recent years, temperatures in Lafayette have ranged from an average low of Script error: No such module "convert". in January to an average high of Script error: No such module "convert". in July, although a record low of Script error: No such module "convert". was recorded in January of both 1963 and 1994, and December 1989, and a record high of Script error: No such module "convert". was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from Template:Cvt in February to Template:Cvt in July. At most snowfall is Script error: No such module "convert".[13]

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Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Template:Sronly%±
18506,129—
18609,387Script error: No such module "String".%
187013,506Script error: No such module "String".%
188014,860Script error: No such module "String".%
189016,243Script error: No such module "String".%
190018,116Script error: No such module "String".%
191020,081Script error: No such module "String".%
192022,486Script error: No such module "String".%
193026,240Script error: No such module "String".%
194028,798Script error: No such module "String".%
195035,558Script error: No such module "String".%
196042,330Script error: No such module "String".%
197044,955Script error: No such module "String".%
198043,011Script error: No such module "String".%
199043,764Script error: No such module "String".%
200056,397Script error: No such module "String".%
201067,140Script error: No such module "String".%
202070,783Script error: No such module "String".%
2025 (est.)71,238[14]Script error: No such module "String".%
U.S. Decennial Census[15]

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Lafayette is the larger principal city of the Lafayette-Frankfort CSA, a Combined Statistical Area that includes the Lafayette metropolitan area (Benton, Carroll, and Tippecanoe counties) and the Frankfort micropolitan area (Clinton County),[16][17][18] which had a combined population of 212,408 at the 2000 United States census.

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, Lafayette had a population of 70,783. The median age was 33.3 years. 23.4% of residents were under the age of 18 and 13.9% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 96.4 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 94.6 males age 18 and over.[19][20]

100.0% of residents lived in urban areas, while 0.0% lived in rural areas.[21]

There were 30,920 households in Lafayette, of which 27.0% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 32.4% were married-couple households, 25.1% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 32.7% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 37.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[19]

There were 33,659 housing units, of which 8.1% were vacant. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.5% and the rental vacancy rate was 9.5%.[19]

Racial composition as of the 2020 census[20]
Race Number Percent
White 50,306 71.1%
Black or African American 7,458 10.5%
American Indian and Alaska Native 389 0.5%
Asian 1,303 1.8%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 17 0.0%
Some other race 4,862 6.9%
Two or more races 6,448 9.1%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 10,507 14.8%

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States census,[22] there were 67,140 people, 28,545 households, and 15,863 families in the city. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 31,260 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of the city was 74.2% White, 11.2% African American, 0.4% Native American, 1% Asian, 0.0% from other races, and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 16.3% of the population.

There were 28,545 households, of which 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.7% were married couples living together, 13.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 44.4% were non-families. 34.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 3.00.

The median age in the city was 31.9 years. 23.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 12.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 29.9% were from 25 to 44; 22.2% were from 45 to 64, and 11.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.7% male and 51.3% female.

2000 census

File:Vista de Lafayette desde el puente de Main St, Indiana, Estados Unidos, 2012-10-15, DD 02.jpg
Lafayette from Main Street Bridge

As of the 2000 United States census, there were 56,397 people, 24,060 households, and 13,666 families in the city. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 25,602 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of the city was 88.91% White; 3.22% African American; 0.37% Native American; 1.22% Asian; 0.04% Pacific Islander; 4.61% from other races, and 1.62% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.11% of the population.

There were 24,060 households, out of which 27.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them; 42.5% were married couples living together; 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present; and 43.2% were non-families. 33.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 individuals and the average family size was 2.98.

The city population contained 23.2% under the age of 18; 14.2% from 18 to 24; 31.3% from 25 to 44; 19.3% from 45 to 64; and 12.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $35,859, and the median income for a family was $45,480. Males had a median income of $32,892 versus $23,049 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,217. About 8.0% of families and 12.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.8% of those under age 18 and 4.6% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

File:Lafayette.CityBus.turbines.jpg
Wabash River, and wind turbines at CityBus facility

Companies located in Lafayette include:

Arts and culture

File:Main St., Lafayette, Indiana, Estados Unidos, 2012-10-15, DD 02.jpg
Main Street
File:Lafayette old street.jpg
South Street historic row

Festivals

Public library

The Lafayette area has four branch locations of the Tippecanoe County Public Library:[25]

Points of interest

Notable buildings

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Government

File:Corte del Condado de Tippecanoe, Lafayette, Indiana, Estados Unidos, 2012-10-15, DD 01.jpg
Tippecanoe County Courthouse

The government consists of a mayor – elected in a citywide vote – and a city council of nine members. Six are elected from individual districts; three are elected at-large.

Education

Colleges

Public school

K-12 public education in the majority of the Lafayette city limits is provided by the Lafayette School Corporation, which operates Jefferson High School and other schools. The Tippecanoe School Corporation covers some outerlying portions of the Lafayette city limits;[30] its schools are nearby. The Tippecanoe district operates McCutcheon High School and William Henry Harrison High School, which cover these outerlying parts.[31]

New Community School was a tuition-free elementary charter school (sponsored by Ball State University) located on the north side of Lafayette; it closed in 2016.[32]

Beacon Academy was a charter school operated by the Lafayette School Corporation in West Lafayette; it closed in 2018.

Private

Elementary

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  • Lafayette Christian School
  • St. Boniface Elementary
  • St. Lawrence Elementary
  • St. Mary Cathedral Elementary
  • St. James Lutheran Elementary/Middle School

Middle School

  • St. Boniface Middle School

Junior/High School

  • Catholic Central Junior-Senior High School

K-12

  • Faith Christian School

Media

Newspapers

  • Journal & Courier. The newspaper, which serves the Greater Lafayette area, has its newsroom and offices located in downtown Lafayette. Journal & Courier also has its own printing services for itself and other papers in the region on the eastside of Lafayette.
  • Purdue Exponent. Purdue University's independent student newspaper serves Purdue, West Lafayette, and Lafayette, and has its newsroom and offices located off campus on Northwestern Avenue in West Lafayette.
  • The Lafayette Leader

Television

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From 1953 until the 2016 launch of WPBI-LD, WLFI-TV had been the only "Big Three" (ABC, CBS and NBC—or, including Fox, "big four") commercial network television broadcaster in the Lafayette market. With the 2017 launch of WPBY-LD, local broadcasts of all "big four" networks became available.[33][34] Lafayette also remains one of few television markets without its own PBS station, the market being served by WFYI in Indianapolis.

For decades, cable and satellite providers in Lafayette had supplemented the area with Indianapolis stations WRTV, WTHR, WTTV, and WXIN, the respective ABC, NBC, CBS, and Fox affiliates, as "out-of-market" stations. All remain viewable in the area via a large over-the-air antenna or, in some cases, via a subscription satellite or streaming service. Comcast Xfinity, the main cable provider in the city, discontinued its remaining carriage of Indianapolis-based "big four" stations on March 7, 2018,[35] but resumed carriage of WTHR and WRTV two days later.[36]

Radio

Commercial

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Non-commercial

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Infrastructure

Transportation

File:US Route 52 Lafayette.png
Sagamore Parkway (as seen from West Lafayette)
File:Estación de FF.CC., Lafayette, Indiana, Estados Unidos, 2012-10-15, DD 03.jpg
Riehle Plaza and the railway station

Airport

No airports are located within Lafayette city limits. The nearest commercial airport which currently has scheduled airline service is the Purdue University Airport (LAF) in West Lafayette.

Highways

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Railroads

Amtrak, the national passenger rail system, provides passenger rail service to Lafayette through the Cardinal to Chicago, Washington D.C., and New York City. Norfolk Southern; CSX Transportation; Kankakee, Beaverville and Southern Railroad; and Toledo, Peoria and Western Railway (RailAmerica) provide freight rail service. Many lines that originally passed through the downtown were redirected in the mid-1990s to a rail corridor near the Wabash River.[37][38] Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Buses and shuttles

Notable people

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Entertainment

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Sports

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Business, law, politics

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Academic, science, technology

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Other

Sister cities

Lafayette has two sister cities as designated by Sister Cities International.[46][47]

References

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  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ A Day in the Life of Tippecanoe County Script error: No such module "webarchive"., Tippecanoe County Historical Association
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ A Day in the Life of Tippecanoe County, Tippecanoe County Historical Association Script error: No such module "webarchive".
  9. ↑ During the period of Ellsworth's residence in Lafayette, two of his children came to national attention. His son Henry William Ellsworth was confirmed as United States chargé d'affaires at Stockholm, Sweden, in January 1846; and Ellsworth's daughter Annie suggested the words of the first telegraph message sent by her father's friend Samuel F. B. Morse in May 1844.
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Metropolitan Statistical Areas and Components Script error: No such module "webarchive"., Office of Management and Budget, 11 May 2007. Accessed 1 August 2008.
  17. ↑ Micropolitan Statistical Areas and Components Script error: No such module "webarchive"., Office of Management and Budget, 11 May 2007. Accessed 1 August 2008.
  18. ↑ Combined Statistical Areas and Component Core Based Statistical Areas Script error: No such module "webarchive"., Office of Management and Budget, 11 May 2007. Accessed 1 August 2008.
  19. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1". - Text list
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". - Note the colors and feeder patterns related to the colors.
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ "Lafayette, Ind. Gets Its Own ABC Affiliate". Broadcasting & Cable. Retrieved May 25, 2017.
  34. ↑ "WPBI begins news broadcast, launches ABC affiliate". Journal & Courier. Retrieved May 30, 2017.
  35. ↑ "Comcast kills last of Indy stations from Lafayette's cable lineup". Journal & Courier. Retrieved March 8, 2018.
  36. ↑ "Comcast: Indianapolis broadcast stations back … at least for now". Journal & Courier. Retrieved March 9, 2018.
  37. ↑ Amtrak in Lafaytte IN (1994) gregarnst
  38. ↑ Amtrak in Lafaytte IN (May 1995) gregarnst
  39. ↑ Online Live Bus timings updates Script error: No such module "webarchive"., 11 May 2007.
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ Executive Order No. 312, Governor of New Jersey Phil Murphy, November 16, 2022. Accessed July 24, 2023. "WHEREAS, First Lady Lucinda Florio was born Lucinda Coleman in Lafayette, Indiana in 1947, before moving to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and then to Gloucester City, New Jersey"
  46. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  47. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  48. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

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