List of rulers in Wales
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "For". Template:Use British English Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Script error: No such module "Sidebar".
The following is a list of rulers of Wales (Template:Langx; and neighbouring regions) during the Middle Ages, between the 5th and 16th centuries. These rulers were monarchs who ruled their respective realms, as well as those who briefly ruled the Principality of Wales. These former territories are now within the boundaries of modern-day Wales and the neighbouring Welsh Marches in England (both in the United Kingdom).
Before the Edwardian Conquest, completed in 1283, Wales consisted of several independent realms, the most important being Gwynedd, Powys, Deheubarth (which was formed from lands belonging to Ceredigion, Dyfed and latterly Seisyllwg) and Morgannwg (formed from Glywysing and Gwent). Boundary changes and the custom of dividing patrimonies between heirs meant that few princes ever came close to ruling the whole of Wales.
The names of those known to have ruled over one or more areas are listed below. Boundaries changed frequently. The only known native ruler of all of present-day Wales was Gruffudd ap Llywelyn (c. 1010Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".–1063), a Prince of Gwynedd who became King of Wales from 1055 to 1063. However, some Welsh princes sporadically claimed the medieval title of "Prince of Wales" between the 13th to 15th centuries. The title remains in use but is given to heirs apparent of English and British monarchs.
History of the medieval kingdoms in Wales
Wales during the medieval age was a land of kingdoms and dynasties. Petty kingdoms, such as Ceredigion and Gwent, were established some time after Britain ceased to be part of the Roman Empire in the late 5th century. By the time of the Norman invasion of Wales in the 11th century, most of these realms were combined or incorporated into greater territories, thus making up the four major kingdoms of Wales. Those kingdoms were Gwynedd, Powys, Deheubarth, and Morgannwg. Unlike the others, Deheubarth was formed later by the merging of Ceredigion, Dyfed, and Ystrad Tywi. Some minor (petty) kingdoms stayed independent from the big four kingdoms, only to be taken over by the Anglo-Normans in the 13th century, such as Rhwng Gwy a Hafren, Meirionnydd, and others. Of the major kingdoms, Powys' 13th-century division of Wenwynwyn and Fadog was one of the final surviving Welsh dynasties until after the Edwardian conquest of Wales. Later, Owain Glyndŵr became the final Welsh ruler from royalty in Wales; he emerged in Powys Fadog during the early 15th century as a Prince of Wales.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[1]
Welsh kingdoms (400s–1000s)
Script error: No such module "Multiple image".
Kings of Brycheiniog
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
- Anlach mac Cormac;[2]Template:R/superscript
- Brychan ab Anlach (c. 400Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". or 470)[2]Template:R/superscriptTemplate:Efn
- Tewdwr ap Rhain (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 700);[2]Template:R/superscript
- Nowy (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 725);[2]Template:R/superscript
- Gruffudd ap Nowy (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 750).[2]Template:R/superscript
Kings and princes of Ceredigion
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
- Ceredig ap Cunedda, c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 5th century (410);[1][2]Template:R/superscript
- Usai ap Ceredig (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 450);[2]Template:R/superscript
- Serwyl ab Usai (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 490);[2]Template:R/superscript
- Boddw ap Serwyl (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 530);[2]Template:R/superscript
- Arthfoddw ap Boddw (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 570);[2]Template:R/superscript
- Arthlwys ab Arthfoddw (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 610);[2]Template:R/superscript
- Clydog ab Arthlwys (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 650);[2]Template:R/superscript
- Seisyll ap Clydog, King of Seisyllwg (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 690, Ceredigion and Ystrad Tywi);[2]Template:R/superscript
- Arthen ap Seisyll (Template:Died in);[2]Template:R/superscript
- Dyfnwallon ab Arthen (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 750);[2]Template:R/superscript
- Meurig ap Dyfnwallon (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 780);[2]Template:R/superscript
- Gwgon ap Meurig (Template:Died in).[2]Template:R/superscript
Kings and princes of Dyfed
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
- Triffyn Farfog (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 430)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Aergol Lawhir (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 460)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Vortiporius[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cloten (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 600, Gwlyddein ap Nowy ap Arthur)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Maredudd ap Tewdwr (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Rhain ap Maredudd (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Owain ap Maredudd (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Triffyn ap Rhain (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Hyfaidd ap Bleddri (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Llywarch ap Hyfaidd (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Rhodri ap Hyfaidd (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
Kingdom of Gwynedd
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
Kings of Gwynedd
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
- Cunedda Wledig ap Edern (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 370)[1][2]Template:R/superscript
- Einion Yrth ap Cunedda (Einion 'the Strong'; c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 410)[2]Template:R/superscript[3]
- Cadwallon Lawhir ap Einion (Cadwallon 'of the Long Hand'; c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 440)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Maelgwn Hir ap Cadwallon (Maelgwn 'the Tall'; Maelgwn Gwynedd; Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Rhun Hir ap Maelgwn (Rhun 'the Tall'; c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 500)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Beli ap Rhun[4]
- Iago ap Beli (died c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 616)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadfan ap Iago (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 565)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadwallon ap Cadfan (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadafael Cadomedd ap Cynfeddw (Cadfael 'the Battle-Shirker')[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadwaladr Fendigaid ap Cadwallon (Cadwaladr 'the Blessed'; died 664)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Idwal Iwrch ap Cadwaladr (Idwal 'the Roebuck'; c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 660)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Rhodri Molwynog ap Idwal (Rhodri 'the Bald and Grey'; Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Caradog ap Meirion (Template:Died in, Prince of Rhos)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cynan Dindaethwy ap Rhodri (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Hywel ap Caradog[2]Template:R/superscript
- Merfyn Frych ap Gwriad (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
Princes of Dogfeiling
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
- Dogfael ap Cunedda Wledig (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 410)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Elno ap Dogfael (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 440)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Glas ap Elno (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 470)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Elgud ap Glas ap Elno (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 500)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Elaeth ab Elgud (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 530)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Meurig ap Elaeth (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 570)[2]Template:R/superscript
Princes of Dunoding
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
- Dunod ap Cunedda Wledig (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 400)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Eifion ap Dunod ap Cunedda (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 430)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Dingad ap Eifion (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 470)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Meurig ap Dingad (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 500)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Eifion ap Meurig (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 530)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Issac ap Eifion ap Meurig (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 570)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Pobien Hen ap Isaac (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 600)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Pobddelw ap Pobien Hen (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 630)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Eifion ap Pobddelw (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 670)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Brochwel ap Eifion (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 700)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Eigion ap Brochwel ab Eifion (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 730)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Ieuanawl ab Eigion (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 770)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Caradog ap Ieuanawl (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 800)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Blieddud ap Caradog (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 830)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cuhelyn ap Bleiddud (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 870)[2]Template:R/superscript
Princes of Penllyn
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
- Pebid 'Penllyn'Template:Efn[2]Template:R/superscript
- Sulbych ap Pebid 'Penllyn'[2]Template:R/superscript
- Beblych ap Sulbych[2]Template:R/superscript
- Gorflwng ap Beblych[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cyndwlff ap Gorflwng[2]Template:R/superscript
- Pandwlff ap Cyndwlff[2]Template:R/superscript
- Ystader ap Pandwlff[2]Template:R/superscript
- Puter ab Ystader[2]Template:R/superscript
- Caper ap Puter[2]Template:R/superscript
- Pybyr ap Caper[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadwr ap Pybyr[2]Template:R/superscript
- Deiniog 'Lyth' ap Cadwr[2]Template:R/superscript[5]
- Dyfnwal ap Deiniog 'Lyth'[2]Template:R/superscript
- Brochwel ap Dyfnwal[2]Template:R/superscript
- Ednyfed ap Brochwel[2]Template:R/superscript
- Tudwal ab Ednyfed[2]Template:R/superscript
- Doned ap Tudwal[2]Template:R/superscript
- Coed ap Doned[2]Template:R/superscript
- Lleuddogw ap Coed[2]Template:R/superscript
- Meirion ap Lleuddogw[2]Template:R/superscript
Princes of Rhos
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
- Owain Ddantgwyn ap Einion Yrth (Rhos; c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 440)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cynlas Goch ab Owain Gwyn (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 470, Rhos)[2]Template:R/superscript
- St Einion (Llŷn) ap Owain (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 470)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Maig ab Owain ap Cynlas (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 500)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadal Crysban (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 560, Crys-Halog)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Idgwyn ap Cadwal Crysbyn (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 590)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Einion ab Idgwyn (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 620)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Rhufon ap Einion ap Idgwyn (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 650)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Hywel ap Rhufon (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 680)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Meirion ap Hywel ap Rhufon (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 710)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Hywel ap Caradog (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 825, Hywel Farf-Fehinog)[2]Template:R/superscript
Princes of Rhufoniog
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
- Rhufon ap Cunedda Wledig (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 400)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Breichiol (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 830)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Môr ap Breichiol (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 870)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Aeddan ap Môr (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 900)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Morudd ab Aeddan (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 930)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Môr ap Morudd (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 970)[2]Template:R/superscript
Kingdom of Morgannwg
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
Kings of Ergyng
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Kingdom of Ergyng, in Wales and on the border of what is now Herefordshire, England.[2]Template:R/superscript
- Peibio Clafrog ap Erb (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 525), King of Ergyng[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cynfyn ap Peibio (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 550)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Gwrfoddw[2]Template:R/superscript
- Gwrgan Fawr ap Cynfyn (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 650)[2]Template:R/superscript
Kings of Ewyas
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Regional Kingdom of Ewyas (Ewias) in Wales and Herefordshire, England.[2]Template:R/superscript
- Clydog ap Clydwyn (grandson of Brychan c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 400)[2]Template:R/superscript
Kings of Glywysing
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
- Glywys ap Solor (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 430)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Pawl Penychen (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 465)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Mechwyn, ruler of Gorfynydd, cantref of GlywysingScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
- Ithel ap Morgan (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 690, reign 710–745)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Hywel ap Rhys (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Gruffydd ab Owain (King of Gower Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadwgan ab Owain (King of Margam Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Hywel ab Owain (King of Gwlad Forgan – Glamorgan Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
Prince of Glywysing
- Athrwys ap Meurig (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 620)[2]Template:R/superscript
Kings of Gwent
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
- Ynyr Gwent (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 450)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Caradoc ap Ynyr (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 480)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Ffernfael ab Idwal[6]
- Ithel ap Hywel[7]
- Ffernafael ab Ithel ap Morgan (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 775)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Meurig ap HywelScript error: No such module "Unsubst".
- Ffernfael ap Meurig[2]Template:R/superscript
- Brochwel ap Meurig (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 830)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Arthfael ap Hywel (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 860)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Ithel ab Athrwys ap Ffernfael (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Arthfael ap Noe (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 930)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Rhodri ab Elise[2]Template:R/superscript
- Gruffudd ap Elise[2]Template:R/superscript
- Edwyn ap Gwriad (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1020)[2]Template:R/superscript
Rulers of Gwynllŵg
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Kings and Lords in the cantref of Gwynllwg, in Glamorgan (Gwent).[8][9]
- Gwynllyw ap Glywys (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 460), ruler of Gwynllwg, cantref of Glywysing[2]Template:R/superscript
- Saint Cadoc (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 495), son of Gwynllyw, ruler of Gwynllwg[2]Template:R/superscript
Kings of Morgannwg
The Kingdom of Morgannwg was formed by the merging of the two kingdoms of Morgannwg and Gwent. At times, the kingdoms were separate and independent.
- Ithel ab Athrwys ab Meurig (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 650)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Owain, King of Morgannwg (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 930)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Morgan Hen ab Owain (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript[10]
- Owain ap Morgan Hen (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 974)[2]Template:R/superscript
Kingdom of Powys
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
Kings of Powys
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
- Gwrtheyrn (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 365 High-King Vortigern), ruled Buellt and Gwrtheyrnion[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadeyrn Fendigaid (or Catigern, c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 400; son of Gwrtheyrn)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadell Ddyrnllug (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 430; son of Cadeyrn)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cyngen Glodrydd (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 460; son of Cadell)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Rhuddfedel Frych (430?; son of Cadeyrn)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadell Ddyrnllug (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 430; son of Cadeyrn)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Pasgen ap Gwrtheyrn (or Pascent, c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 400), ruled Buellt and Gwrtheyrnion[2]Template:R/superscript
- Mawgan ap Pasgen (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 430)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadeyrn Fendigaid (or Catigern, c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 400; son of Gwrtheyrn)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Brochwel Ysgithrog (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 490)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cynan Garwyn (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 520)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Selyf ap Cynan (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 550, Selyf Sarffgadau)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Manwgan ap Selyf (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 580, Mael Myngan ap Selyf Sarffgadau)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Eiludd Powys[2]Template:R/superscript
- Beli ab Eiludd, son of Manwgan/Myngan[2]Template:R/superscript
- Gwylog ap Beli (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 640)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Elisedd ap Gwylog (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 680)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Brochfael ab Elisedd (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 705 Brochwel ab Elise)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadell ap Brochfael ab Aeddan[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cyngen ap Cadell ap Brochwel (died 855)[2]Template:R/superscript
Descendants of Rhodri Mawr
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
- Merfyn ap Rhodri (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Llywelyn ap Merfyn (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 870)[2]Template:R/superscript
Pengwern
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The former petty Kingdom of Pengwern, today located in the Midlands, possibly around the Wrekin, England.[11]
- Cyndrwyn (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 535)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cynddylan ap Cyndrwyn (fl. 642)[2]Template:R/superscript
Welsh regional kingdoms
All of Wales
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Overlord of Wales (King of Wales) as a modern territory by 1055.[12]
- Gruffydd ap Llywelyn (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1039–1063)[12]
North Wales
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Kings and Princes of the Kingdoms of Gwynedd and Powys.[12][13]
- Iago ab Idwal (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Bleddyn ap Cynfyn (Template:Died in)[14]
- Rhiwallon ap Cynfyn (Template:Died in)[15]
South Wales
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
Kings and princes of Buellt and Gwrtheyrnion
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
- Pasgen ap Gwrtheryn, son of Vortigern (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 400, Pascent)[2]Template:R/superscript}
- Pawl ap Mepurit (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 510)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Eldog ap Pawl (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 550)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Eldad ab Eldog ap Paul (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 590)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Morudd ab Eldad (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 630)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Pasgen Buellt ap Gwyddaint (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 700)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Tewdwr ap Pasgen (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 730)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Gloud ap Pasgn Buellt (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 730)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Ffernfael ap Tewdwr (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 760, Theodore)[2]Template:R/superscript
Ceredigion, Meirionnydd, Gwynedd
King of an enlarged Gwynedd (also Rhos and Rhufoniog), including Ceredigion (Deheubarth), Meirionnydd and Dyffryn Clwyd, making his realm North West and West Wales.[16]
- Gruffudd ap Cynan (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1081–1137), King of Gwynedd[16]
Deheubarth, Gwynedd
Kingdoms in the west and northwest of Wales.[17]
- Maredudd ab Owain (Owain ap Hywel's son, Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Aeddan ap Blegywryd (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Llywelyn ap Seisyll (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript[18]
Deheubarth, Gwynedd, Powys
North and Mid to Southwest Wales.[13][17]
- Rhodri Mawr (872–878)[2]Template:R/superscript[19]
Dyfed, Brycheiniog (Rheinwg)
- Cathen ap Gwlyddein (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 625)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadwgon ap Cathen (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 650)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Rhain ap Cadwgan (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 675, Cadwgon), and Ystrad Tywi[2]Template:R/superscript
Dyfed, Gwynedd, Powys, Seisyllwg
King of all of Wales, except for Morgannwg and Gwent (south and southeast of Wales).[20]
Ergyng, Gwent
- Erb (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 500)[2]Template:R/superscript
Glywysing, Gwent
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Southeast of Wales.[21]
- Tewdrig (Glywysing and Gwent, c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 575)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Meurig ap Tewdrig (Glywysing and Gwent c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 590)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Morgan ab Athrwys (Glywysing and Gwent c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 650)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Meurig ab Ithel (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 720, reign 745–775)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Arthfael Hen ap Rhys (Template:Langx, c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 760)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Owain ap Hywel (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 860)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Caradog ap Gruffydd (Template:Died in)[22]
- Iestyn ap Gwrgan(t) (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1081–1093, Lord of Glamorgan)[23]
Gwent, Morgannwg
South and Southeast of Wales.[21]
- Meurig ap Hywel (Gwent and Morgannwg)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadwgan ap Meurig (Gwent and Morgannwg)[24]
Welsh royal houses (870s–1283)
The three royal houses of Wales' regions were first divided by Rhodri the Great in the 9th century. Two of his sons founded royal dynasties: Anarawd reigned in Gwynedd (Aberffraw), and Cadell founded Deheubarth (Dinefwr). Another son Merfyn reigned in Powys (Mathrafal emerged as a cadet branch of Dinefwr in the 11th century).[19][25]
Script error: No such module "Multiple image".
Aberffraw
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
Aberffraw kings of Gwynedd
- Anarawd ap Rhodri (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Idwal Foel ab Anarawd (Template:Langx, Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Ieuaf ab Idwal (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Hywel ab Ieuaf (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadwallon ab Ieuaf (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Cynan ap Hywel (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Iago ab Idwal ap Meurig (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1170–1195)[26]
Aberffraw king of Ceredigion
- Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd (d. 1170)[27]
Aberffraw prince of Anglesey
Aberffraw princes of Gwynedd
- Rhodri ab Owain Gwynedd (1175–1194, 1194–1195)[29]
- Owain Goch ap Gruffydd (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1246–1255, Template:Langx)[30]
Dinefwr
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The Kingdom of Deheubarth was formed by the union of the Kingdoms of Ceredigion (also known as Seisyllwg) and Dyfed by Hywel Dda in 910.[2]Template:R/superscript
Dinefwr kings of Deheubarth
- Owain ap Hywel (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 900)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Rhodri ap Hywel (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Edwin ap Hywel (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Rhydderch ap Iestyn (Template:Died in)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Hywel ab Edwin (Template:Died in)[31]
- Maredudd ab Owain ab Edwin (Template:Died in)[32]
- Rhys ab Owain ab Edwin (Template:Died in)[33]
- Rhys ap Tewdwr (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1078Template:Snd1093)[34]
Dinefwr princes of Deheubarth
- Gruffydd ap Rhys (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1090Template:Snd1137)[35]
- Anarawd ap Gruffydd (Template:Died in)[36]
- Cadell ap Gruffydd (Template:Died in)[37]
- Maredudd ap Gruffydd (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1130–1155)[38]
- Gruffydd ap Rhys (Template:Died in)[39]
- Rhys Gryg (Template:Died in, Template:Langx, also Template:Langx)[40]
Mathrafal
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
Mathrafal princes of Powys
- Iorwerth ap Bleddyn (Template:Died in)[41]
- Cadwgan ap Bleddyn (Template:Died in1111)[42]
- Owain ap Cadwgan (Template:Died in1116)[43]
- Maredudd ap Bleddyn Cynfyn[44]
- Madog ap Maredudd (Template:Died in1160)[44]
Mathrafal prince of Powys Fadog
- Gruffydd Maelor I, son of Madog ap Maredudd (Template:Died in1191)[45]
Mathrafal princes of Powys Wenwynwyn
- Gruffudd, son of Maerdudd ap BleddynScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[46]
- Owain Cyfeiliog (Template:Died in1197)[46]
Welsh lordships (1000s–1500s)
The Lords of Welsh areas once belonging to monarchies. They were ruled by the direct descendants and heirs of Kings in Wales from around the time of the Norman invasion of Wales (1000s), some of which lasted until after the conquest of Wales by Edward I (c. 1300s), and in a few instances, Welsh baronies lasted later into the Principality of Wales.[47]Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[48][49]
Script error: No such module "Multiple image".
Lords of Afan
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Listed Lords of Nedd-Avan (Avene, Template:Langx), dynasty of Glamorgan, Morgannwg (not the Norman Lordship of Glamorgan).[50][9]
- Caradog ap Iestyn (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1130, son of Istyn ap Gwrgant)[51]
- Owain ap Caradog, Lord of Afan[51]
- Maerdudd, Lord of Miskin[52]
- Morgan (Template:Died in1208)[52]
- Leision[53]
- Morgan Gam (Template:Died in1241)[53]
- Morgan Fychan (Template:Died in1288)[54]
- Thomas de Avene[54]
Lords of Arwystli and Cedewain
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The regional territories as a dynasty combined the territories of Arwystli and Cedewain. The area was later incorporated into Powys Wenwynwyn.[56][57]
- Trahaearn ap Caradog (1075–1081), King of Gwynedd[56][57]
- Meurig, Lord of Arwystli (Template:Died in1106)[56][57]
- Griffri (Template:Died in1106)[56][57]
- Llywarch[56][57]
- Owain[56][57]
- Ieuaf (Template:Died in1130)[56]
- Hywel o'r Brithdir (Template:Died in1185)[56]
- Robert (Template:Died in1171)[56]
- Maredudd (Template:Died in1244)[56]
- Owain (Template:Died in1261)[56]
Lords of Caerleon
The rulers of Gwynllwg (Wentloog) and upper Gwent became the Lords of Caerleon.[58][59]
- Gruffudd ap Rhydderch (Template:Died in1055, King of Gwynllwg), son of Rhydderch ab Iestyn[8]
- Caradog ap Gruffudd (Template:Died in1081)[59][9]
- Owain ap Caradog, Gwynllwg[2]Template:R/superscript[59]
- Morgan ab Owain (Template:Died in1058), Lord of Caerleon[58][9]
- Iorwerth ab Owain (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1171), Lord of Caerleon[9][58]
- Hywel ab Iorwerth (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1210)[58][9]
- Morgan ap Hywel (Template:Died in1248)[58][9]
Lords of Ceredigion
Lordship of Ceredigion, from the House of Dinefwr, Deheubarth.[60][61]
- Maelgwn ap Rhys (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1170Template:Snd1230) Lord of Ceredigion[60]
- Maelgwn Fychan.[60]
Lords of Mechain
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Mechain, Powys.[2]Template:R/superscript[62]
- Owain Fychan (Template:Died in1187) of Mechain, son of Prince Madog ap Maerdudd from Powys[2]Template:R/superscript
- Owain Fychan (Template:Died in1245)[2]Template:R/superscript[62]
- Llywelyn Fychan (Template:Died inbefore 1277), Lord of Mechain[2]Template:R/superscript[62]
- Gruffydd, Lord of Mechain[2]Template:R/superscript[62]
- Maredudd, Lord of Mechain[2]Template:R/superscript[62]
Lord of Menai
Lord of the Menai commote on Anglesey.[63]
- Llywarch ap Bran (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1137), Lord of Menai (founder of one of the Fifteen Tribes of Wales)[63]
Lords of Merioneth
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The vassal Lordship of Merioneth (Meirionnydd) from Gwynedd, also Lords of Eifionydd and Ardudwy. Descendants of King Owain Gwynedd.[64]
- Cynan ab Owain Gwynedd (Template:Died in1174)[47]
- Gruffudd ap Cynan ab Owain Gwynedd, Lord of Meirionnydd and Ardudwy[47]
- Maredudd ap Cynan (Template:Died in1212), Lord of Meirionnydd and Eifionydd and part of Ardudwy (Llŷn Peninsula)[64]
- Llywelyn Fawr ap Maredudd, Lord of Merionieth (Merionethshire)[65]
- Maredudd ap Llywelyn (Template:Died in1255), Lord of Merioneth[65]
- Llywelyn Fychan, Lord of Merioneth (father to Madog ap Llywelyn)[65]
Lords of Nannau
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
Descendants of Madog ap Cadwgan ap Bleddyn, Prince of Powys. Lordship c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1118 until the final Lord in the 1500s, before the use of the surname Nanney for the family.[66][49][67]
- Madog, 1st Lord of Nannau (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1118–1121);[49]
- Cadwgan;[49]
- Madog;[49]
- Meurig, Lord of Nannau;[49]
- Ynyr Hen (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1200–1250);[49]
- Ynyr Fychan (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1295);[49]
- Meurig Fychan;[49]
- Meurig Llwyd;[49]
- Hywel Sele, 9th Lord (Template:Died in1402, cousin of Owain Glyndwr);[49]
- Meurig Fychan;[49]
- Dafydd ap Meurig Fychan;[49]
- Hywel ap Dafydd (Howel Nanney Template:Born in1470);[49]
- Gruffudd Wyn Nanney, 13th Lord (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1520).[49]
Lords of Oswestry
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Lords of Oswestry (Shropshire, England), from Powys, prior to the Baronetcy of Cymmer-yn-Edeirnion (English feudal barony).[68][69]
- Prince Owain Brogyntyn of Powys (Mathrafal), Lord of Oswestry, Edeirnion and Dinmael (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1149Template:Snd1157, Template:Died in1188)[68][2]Template:R/superscript
- Bleddyn[68][2]Template:R/superscript
- Iorweth[68][2]Template:R/superscript
- Gruffudd[68][2]Template:R/superscript
Lords of Powys Fadog
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Northern Powys, House of Mathrafal.[25][2]Template:R/superscript[45]
- Madog ap Gruffydd Maelor Lord of Powys Fadog (Template:Died in1238)[70]
- Gruffydd Maelor (Template:Died in1269), Lord of Castell Dinas Brân[71]
- Madog II ap Gruffydd, Lord of Dinas Bran (Template:Died in1277)[2]Template:R/superscript
- Gruffudd Fychan I[2]Template:R/superscript
- Madog Crypl[72]
- Gruffydd of Rhuddalt, Lord of Glyndyfrdwy[72]
- Gruffudd Fychan II (father of Glyndwr, Template:Born in1354), Lord of GlyndyfrdwyScript error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[48]
Lords of Powys Wenwynwyn
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Southern Powys, House of Mathrafal. The lordship also had lands in Arwystli, Cyfeiliog, Mawddwy, and Caereinion.[25][2]Template:R/superscript[73]
- Gwenwynwyn (Template:Died in1216), Lord of Powys Wenwynwyn, son of Prince Owain Cyfeiliog[73]
- Gruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn (Template:Died in1286)[74]
- Owen de la Pole (Template:Died in1293)[2]Template:R/superscript[74]
Rhwng Gwy a Hafren
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The region of Rhwng Gwy a Hafren (Radnorshire), between the Rivers Wye and Severn, ruled by Lords. Associated with Brycheiniog and Buellt, they ruled the cantrefs of Maelienydd and Elfael.Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[75][2]Template:R/superscript
- Elystan Glodrydd (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 975, Æthelstan)[75][2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadwgan ab Elstan Glodrydd[75]
- Idnerth[75]
- Madog (Template:Died in1140)[75][56]
- Cadwallon ap Madog (Template:Died in1179), ruled Maelienydd and Elfael[75][56]
- Einion Clud (Template:Died in1177) ruled Maelienydd and Elfael[75][56]
- Maelgwn (Template:Died in1197)[75][2]Template:R/superscript
- Cadwallon (Template:Died in1234)[56]
Lords of Senghenydd
The Lordship of Senghenydd was then a vassal of the Lordship of Glamorgan.[76]
- Ifor Bach (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1158, Ifor ap Meurig), Lord of Senghenydd[56][77]
- Gruffudd, Lord of Senghenydd (Template:Died in1211)[56][77]
- Rhys (Template:Died in1256), Lord of Senghendd[56]
- Gruffudd ap Rhys[56][76]
- Llywelyn Bren (Template:Died in1317)[76]
Lords of Tegeingl
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Lordship of Coleshill, Prestatyn, and Rhuddlan, also considered Princes.[78]
- Edwin of Tegeingl (Template:Died in1073, member of the Fifteen Tribes of Wales)[78]
- Owain ab Edwin of Tegeingl (Template:Died in1105), father-in-law to Gruffudd ap Cynan[78][79]
Principality of Wales (1216–1542)
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".
The late medieval territory of the Principality of Wales and the members of Welsh royalty who ruled that area or attempted to regain their dynastic inheritances during the Principality. They were titled (official) or claimants (unofficial/pretender) as the Prince of Wales.[80]Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[81] The territory of the principality included the kingdoms of Gwynedd, Deheubarth, and Powys, and also the areas of Ceredigion (Cardigan) and Carmarthenshire. There was the exception of Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, who ruled most of the territory of the Principality and also Montgomeryshire, but not as a Prince of Wales; by 1230 he styled himself as the Prince of Aberffraw and Lord of Snowdon (Prince of Gwynedd).[82][83]
Script error: No such module "Multiple image".
Pre-Principality, 1165–1197
- Owain Gwynedd (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1165–1170, Template:Langx), King of Gwynedd, Prince of Wales;[81][84]
- Rhys ap Gruffydd (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1170–1197, The Lord Rhys), Lord of Deheubarth (Prince of South Wales), Prince of Wales.[83][61]
Welsh rule, 1216–1283
- Llywelyn Fawr ap Iorwerth (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1216–1240, Template:Langx), Prince of Gwynedd, Prince of North Wales;[82]Script error: No such module "Footnotes".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Dafydd ap Llywelyn (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1240–1246, Dafydd II, Template:Langx), Prince of Gwynedd (claimant Prince of Wales);[85]
- Llywelyn ap Gruffudd (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1246–1282, Template:Langx), Prince of Wales (Gwynedd, Aberffraw);[86]
- Dafydd ap Gruffydd (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1282–1283, Dafydd III), Prince of Gwynedd (claimant Prince of Wales).[87]
English rule, 1283–1542
- Madog ap Llywelyn (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1294–1295), claimant Prince of Wales (heir of Lord Meirionnydd, House of Aberffraw);[88]
- Owain ap Tomas ap Rhodri (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1372–1378, Lawgoch, Template:Langx) in exile but claimed Prince of Wales (Gwynedd, Aberffraw);[80]
- Owain ap Gruffudd (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1400–1415, Owain Glyndŵr, Template:Langx), pretender Prince of Wales, Lord of Glyndyfrdwy (Powys Fadog).[48]
- Rhys ap Gruffudd (c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 1529–1531, Rhys Fitz-Urien), alleged Prince of Wales claimant (House of Dinefwr).[89]
See also
- Family tree of Welsh monarchs
- Kings of the Britons
- Fifteen Tribes of Wales
- List of Marcher lordships
- Prince of Wales
- List of British monarchs
- Welsh peers and baronets
- List of prime ministers of the United Kingdom
- List of first ministers of Wales
Notes
References
<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />
- ↑ a b c Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Archæologia Cambrensis, Vol. X, 3rd Series. "Chronicle of the Princes", p. 13. J. Russell Smith (London), 1864.
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b c d e f g Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b c Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b c Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b c Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b c d e f Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
- ↑ a b c d e f Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b c d e Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b c Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b c Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b c d e Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b c Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families, p. 200, at Google Books
- ↑ a b c d e Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain & Ireland., p. 607, at Google Books
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b c Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b c Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB.
- ↑ Template:Cite DWB
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Bibliography
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "URL".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (Dictionary of Welsh Biography)
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Script error: No such module "Navbox".